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Introduction to prime numbers, factorization, GCF , LCM A factor is simply a number that is multiplied to get a product. Factoring a number means taking the number apart to find its factors--it's like multiplying in reverse. Eg 5 --> 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, . . . 7 --> 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, . . . Factors are either composite numbers or prime numbers. A prime number has only two factors, one and itself, so it cannot be divided evenly by any other numbers. Here's a list of prime numbers up to 100. You can see that none of these numbers can be factored any further.2 is the only even prime number. PRIME NUMBERS to 100 2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19,23,29,31,37,41,43, 47,53,59,61,67,71,73,79,83,89,97 A composite number is any number that has more than two factors. Here's a list of composite numbers up to 20. You can see that they can all be factored further. For example, 4 equals 2 times 2, 6 equals 3 times 2, 8 equals 4 times 2, and so forth. By the way, zero and one are considered neither prime nor composite numbersthey're in a class by themselves! COMPOSITE NUMBERS up to 20 4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15,16,18,20 You can write any composite number as a product of prime factors. This is called prime factorization. To find the prime factors of a number, you divide the number by the smallest possible prime number and work up the list of prime numbers until the result is itself a prime number Eg 168 ÷ 2 = 84 84 ÷ 2 = 42 42 ÷ 2 = 21 21 ÷ 3 = 7 Prime number prime factors = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 7 To check the answer, multiply these factors and make sure they equal 168. Here are the prime factors of some composite numbers 4=2×2 6=3×2 8=2×2×2 9=3×3 10 = 5 × 2 12 = 3 × 2 × 2 Answer the following prime number questions 1. Is 1 a prime number? 2. Is 0 a prime number? 3. What is the definition of prime number? 4. What are the Prime numbers between 0 and 100? 5. If 2 is a factor of that number, is the number prime number? 6. John’s score has Prime factors of 2 or 11, what numbers can possibly be John’s score? 7. Angela has a number of candies which can be divided by 11 and 3, what are possible numbers of Angela’s candies. Prime factorization http://www.helpingwithmath.com Fill in the missing numbers in the factor trees then write the prime factorization (the first one is done for you): 12 48 2 x 6 4 2 x 3 x x x 6 x Prime Factorization: 2 x 2 x 3 60 4 x x Prime Factorization: x 5 Prime Factorization: Find the GCF for these numbers 12, 30 36 , 78 50 , 150 Find the LCM for these numbers 2 , 12 5 , 35 27 , 72 Order of operations ORDER OF OPERATIONS RULE PLEASE EXCUSE MY DEAR AUNT SALLY Simplify. 1. 66 ÷ 6 + 5 2. 5 - 1 + 4 3. 30 ÷ 6 × 3 4. 5 + 2 + 3 5. 6. 55 ÷ 5 × 4 10. 7 × 5 × 2 11. (6 + 5 + 9) ÷ (80 ÷ 8) (54 ÷ 9 + 2 + 4) ÷ (48 ÷ 8) http://tulyn.com/4th-grade-math/order-of-operations/wordproblems Emily had 30 cookies to bring to school for her birthday. Three students wanted two cookies each. Then, a new student came to the school that day and he wanted three cookies. Then, one of the three kids gave their two cookies back. Emily was still passing out cookies. How many cookies did Emily have left to pass out after the student gave her his back? A certain Math Club makes 35 bars of laundry soap a week and sells these at P 20 each. Before the soap can all be sold, the pupils found out that 6 bars were destroyed by mice. How much will be the total sale at the end of the month? Lilia scores 15 points fewer than Bob, who scores 35 points. Carol scores half as many points as Lilia. How many points does Carol score? Divisibility Check divisibility , write yes or no 1. 168 by 4 by 6 by 7 by 8 by 10 ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ 2. 180 by 5 by 7 by 8 by 9 by 10 ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ 3. 75,853 by 2 by 6 by 8 by 9 by 10 ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ 4. 91,216 by 2 by 4 by 6 by 9 by 10 ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ What are the mystery numbers? All numbers are less than 50. a). I am divisible by b). I am divisible by 11, c) I am divisible by 10 and 4 but not and if you divide me by 5, 5 and 3, and leave a divisible by 8. I leave a remainder of 3. remainder of 1 if divided by 2.