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Atomic Structure—Unit 3: Review
1.
What 5 ideas did Democritus list about the nature of matter?
2.
What disputes did Aristotle have regarding Democritus' ideas?
3.
What are the main points behind Dalton's theory?
4.
What is a major difference between the methods used by Democritus and Dalton in establishing their ideas about the
nature of matter?
5.
What is the modern definition of an atom?
6.
What the structure of the atom?
7.
Who was the first person to correctly identify the electron as a subatomic particle?
8.
Who was Milliken and what did he contribute?
9.
Describe the experiment Milliken conducted that allowed him to determine the charge of an electron?
10.
What atomic model did Thompson propose?
11.
How did Ernest Rutherford test this model?
12.
What is Rutherford find in his test?
13.
What conclusions did he draw from his findings?
14.
What did his conclusions lead to? Why?
15.
What are the three subatomic particles in an atom?
16.
What does the atomic number of an atom represent?
17.
What does the mass number of an atom represent?
18.
How does the number of electrons compare to the number of protons in a neutral atom?
19.
What happens to an atom if electrons are taken away?
20.
What happens to an atom if electrons are added?
21.
What do you call an atom that has had electrons added or taken away?
22.
Do atoms of the same type have the same number of neutrons in their nucleus?
23.
What is the name for the atoms in #22?
24.
In the following table all of the atoms are electrically neutral. Complete the table.
Symbol
Ca
Name
Mass Number
40
Protons
201
80
Iodine
Co
Neutrons
Electrons
73
20
32
18
25.
In the following table all of the atoms are not electrically neutral. Complete the table.
Symbol
K+
Name
Mass Number
39
Protons
208
82
Neutrons
Copper I ion
Pb4+
Electrons
35
Sulfide ion
N3-
16
7
18
26.
What happens to an atom when you change the number of: protons, neutrons, and electrons?
27.
Let’s say Cobalt has two isotopes Co-58 (which is 92.4% abundant), and Co-60 (7.6%). The actual mass of these
isotopes are 58.031 for Co-58 and 60.524 for Co-60. Determine the average atomic mass for these uranium isotopes.
28.
Let’s say Uranium has three isotopes U-235 (which is 12.34% abundant), U-238 (25.65%), and U-240 (62.01%).
The actual mass of these isotopes are 235.06 for U-235, 238.17 for U-238, and 240.33 for U-240. Determine the
average atomic mass for these uranium isotopes.
29.
What is a nuclear reaction?
30.
How does a nuclear reaction differ from a chemical reaction?
31.
What are the three forms of radiation?
32.
What is meant by saying a nucleus is unstable?
33.
What is an alpha particle and when is it released?
34.
What is a beta particle and when is it released?
35.
What is gamma radiation and when is it released?
36.
Of the three types of radiation, rate them in terms of most to least energetic.
37.
Which do you think is the most dangerous?
38.
Radium-226 undergoes alpha decay, what does the reaction look like?
39.
Carbon-14 undergoes beta decay, what does this reaction look like?
40.
Uranium-238 undergoes alpha decay and releases gamma radiation. Show the reaction.