Download Focus: If the South`s strategy for victory was to fight a defensive war

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7th Grade Social Studies
Mexico & U.S. History from the Revolution to Reconstruction
Class 152— Civil War Espionage
April 28, 2014
Focus: During the Civil War, messengers often carried coded messages. See if you can decipher the code below:
MARBLES HQW TVJQWU CPFG PGOA VTQQRUYK NNET QUUVJG TKXGTVQ OQTTQY
Hint: the word "MARBLES" meant that you should replace each letter with the one two letters before it in the alphabet.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Student Objectives:
1. I will recognize the relative ease of Civil War espionage by analyzing the exploits of Wild Bill Hickok.
2. I will compare and contrast Civil War media with the media of today.
Homework:
-Current Events due Monday 5/5
-Read and Outline Chapter 16, Section 5 pgs. 536-537 stop @ Battle of Gettysburg (due 4/30)
-Read and Outline Chapter 16, Section 5 pgs. 537-540 start @ Battle of Gettysburg/stop @Union Campaigns Cripple the
Confederacy (due 5/2)
-Read and Outline Chapter 16, Section 5 pgs. 540 Union Campaigns Cripple the Confederacy only (due 5/7)
-Read and Outline Chapter 15, Section 5 pgs. 541-543 (due 5/8)
-Chapter 16 Test Thursday 5/15
Handouts:
Newspaper articles
I. Wild Bill Hickok
II. Civil War Media
Key terms/ideas/ people/places:
Wild Bill Hickok
Espionage
Newspapers
By the end of class today, I will be able to answer the following:
What Confederate General relied on Newspapers when making his plans?
Why espionage so easy in the Civil War?
How has the media coverage of war changed from the Civil War until today?
Notes
Class 152— Civil War Espionage
April 28, 2014
Spying in the Civil War, with both sides speaking the same language and knowing each other so intimately, was a
relatively simple matter. Furthermore, the battle lines were so extended in all theaters of the war that they could be
penetrated with ease.
 Example: Wild Bill Hickok-supported the Union
o Spied in Missouri, Arkansas, and Kansas
o spent much of his time behind enemy lines disguised as a hillbilly
o Even would disguise himself in Confederate uniforms to gain information
Newspapers:
 newspapers of the time didn’t have much tact and often printed of troop movements and plans of attack
 A shrewd general, in fact, had little need for an intelligence service, provided he had a steady supply of
newspapers published in enemy territory
o Preparing for the Battle of Chickamauga in Tennessee, Confederate General Braxton Bragg received a
New York Times clipping which explained precisely how the Unionists would fool him into a shift of
position. Bragg stayed put.
o Near Vicksburg a Northern spy brought his superior a newspaper story in which a correspondent
described in full the Federal plans for a "secret canal" behind the Mississippi. The project had to be
dropped.
 Robert E. Lee used secret agents to supply him with every available Northern newspaper. The Virginian studied
them by the hour, noting, comparing, questioning. A Southern spy with a copy of the Philadelphia Inquirer
provided information of a withdrawal by McClellan; as a result, Lee shifted thousands of troops. The
Southerner's military shrewdness kept him from accepting false stories planted for his benefit, and Lee himself
once inserted a fake in Confederate papers.
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7th Grade Social Studies
Mexico & U.S. History from the Revolution to Reconstruction
Class 153— Bloody Bill Anderson
April 29, 2014
Focus: Answer this question in at least six (6) good sentences: Why do you think Americans felt the need to massacre
their fellow Americans? This will be collected.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Student Objectives:
1. I will reenact the life of Bloody Bill Anderson to further analyze the brutality of the Civil War.
2. I will attempt to explain the motivation behind the actions of Bloody Bill and other bushwhackers.
Homework:
-Current Events due Monday 5/5
-Read and Outline Chapter 16, Section 5 pgs. 536-537 stop @ Battle of Gettysburg (due 4/30)
-Read and Outline Chapter 16, Section 5 pgs. 537-540 start @ Battle of Gettysburg/stop @Union Campaigns Cripple the
Confederacy (due 5/2)
-Read and Outline Chapter 16, Section 5 pgs. 540 Union Campaigns Cripple the Confederacy only (due 5/7)
-Read and Outline Chapter 15, Section 5 pgs. 541-543 (due 5/8)
-Chapter 16 Test Thursday 5/15
Handouts:
none
I. Guerilla Warfare
A. Partisan Ranger Act
II. Bloody Bill Anderson
Key terms/ideas/ people/places:
Guerilla Warfare
Partisan Ranger Act
Bloody Bill Anderson
By the end of class today, I will be able to answer the following:
Who was Bloody Bill Anderson?
What is a guerilla?
Where did you find of a lot guerillas fighting in the Civil War?
Carnival of Blood
Notes
Class 153— Bloody Bill Anderson
April 29, 2014
Guerrillas:
 Partisan Ranger Act: CSA only
o Alternative to the draft-stay close to families but harass Union troops-mostly older men
o turn over captured supplies/soldiers to Confederate army
o Could be exchanged
o Union soldiers called them “bushwhackers”
 CSA called Union guerrillas “jayhawks”
 Both USA & CSA guerrillas blurred the lines b/t politics, warfare, and crime
Bloody Bill Anderson:
 Confederate Guerrilla
 Scalped victims
 Kept track of how many men he killed by tying knots in a rope
 Centralia, MO-“carnival of blood”
o Kills 22 unarmed Union soldiers
 Eventually killed while trying to escape from the Union
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7th Grade Social Studies
Mexico & U.S. History from the Revolution to Reconstruction
Class 154— Fredericksburg & Chancellorsville
April 30, 2014
Focus: What side was victorious at Fredericksburg? At Chancellorsville?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Student Objectives:
1. I will analyze the battles of Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville.
2. I will analyze Civil War letters.
Homework:
-Current Events due Monday 5/6
-Read and Outline Chapter 16, Section 5 pgs. 537-540 start @ Battle of Gettysburg/stop @Union Campaigns Cripple the
Confederacy (due 5/2)
-Read and Outline Chapter 16, Section 5 pgs. 540 Union Campaigns Cripple the Confederacy only (due 5/7)
-Read and Outline Chapter 15, Section 5 pgs. 541-543 (due 5/8)
-Chapter 16 Test Thursday 5/15
Handouts:
none
I. Fredericksburg
II. Chancellorsville
III. Civil War Letters
Key terms/ideas/ people/places:
Ambrose Burnside
Stonewall Jackson
Robert E. Lee
George McClellan
By the end of class today, I will be able to answer the following:
Who dies at Chancellorsville?
Why did the Confederates cheer the Union army at Fredericksburg?
George Pickett
Notes
Class 154— Fredericksburg & Chancellorsville
April 30, 2014
Fredericksburg:
 Ambrose Burnside has replaced George McClellan as commander of the Union army
 Burnside will attack Lee’s army six times. He will fail all six times.
 George Pickett: CSA General
o “Your soldier’s heart almost stood still as we watched those sons of Erin fearlessly rush to their death.
The brilliant assault…was beyond description.”
o “we forgot they were fighting us, and cheer after cheer at their fearlessness went up all along our lines.”
 one of the Union’s greatest defeats of the entire war
Chancellorsville:
 Lee and Jackson defeat the Union army
 Jackson is accidentally shot by CSA sentries and dies
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7th Grade Social Studies
Mexico & U.S. History from the Revolution to Reconstruction
Class 155— Death of Stonewall Jackson
May 1, 2014
Focus: Why do you think Stonewall Jackson was so beloved by his men and respected by the Union army?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Student Objectives:
1. I will reenact the death of the beloved Southern General Stonewall Jackson.
Homework:
-Current Events due Monday 5/6
-Read and Outline Chapter 16, Section 5 pgs. 537-540 start @ Battle of Gettysburg/stop @Union Campaigns Cripple the
Confederacy (due 5/2)
-Read and Outline Chapter 16, Section 5 pgs. 540 Union Campaigns Cripple the Confederacy only (due 5/7)
-Read and Outline Chapter 15, Section 5 pgs. 541-543 (due 5/8)
-Chapter 16 Test Thursday 5/15
Handouts:
none
I. Chancellorsville
A. Stonewall Jackson
Key terms/ideas/ people/places:
Chancellorsville
Stonewall Jackson
Mary Ann Jackson
Dr. Hunter McGuire
By the end of class today, I will be able to answer the following:
Who gave the order to fire on Jackson?
What happened to Jackson’s arm?
Where was Jackson shot?
John D. Berry
Notes
Class 155— Death of Stonewall Jackson
May 1, 2014
Jackson’s views/beliefs/actions:
 Jackson liked war-“delightful excitement” he attained in combat
 ordered the bravest shot down-weaken all of those whose discipline draws on that bravery
 courage was equated only with success, and command error would be ruthlessly defined as a defect in courage
 His cool courage, spare personal style, and battlefield victories exerted a mesmeric hold on his men
 “He places no value on human life, caring for nothing so much as fighting, unless it be praying.”
 “For many on both sides, Stonewall Jackson was the war’s highest exemplification of courage.”
Chancellorsville:
 It is fitting that Jackson did die in the war. He once stated, “Each of us has his duty to perform, without regard to
consequences; we must perform it and trust in providence.”
 Jackson was riding through dense vegetation
 Encountered intense small arms fire from the Confederate 18th North Carolina regiment under the command of
Major John D. Barry who gave the order to fire
 Jackson was struck once in the right hand and twice in the left arm and was almost unhorsed
 Taken to Dr. Hunter McGuire, considered the South’s leading Surgeon
 Jackson given standard first aid: arterial compression, whiskey, and morphine
 Left humorous (upper arm bone) and brachial artery were damaged and required amputation two inches below
the soldier. Jackson was given chloroform
 Just before his death in a stat of delirium Jackson says “Order A.P. Hill to prepare for action! Pass the infantry to
the front rapidly! Tel. Major Hawks….” Jackson stops and a smile comes across his face and he says in an
expression of relief “Let us cross over the river, and rest under the shade of the trees.”
 The Union soldiers at Chancellorsville hear the following statement, “In view of the fact that [Stonewall
Jackson] was wounded by our division and also as a mark of respect to a gallant Christian soldier the division
will receive the announcement [of his death] with uncovered heads.”
 Major John D. Barry, the man that gave the order to fire on Jackson, died two years after the war at the age of 27.
His family said that he died of depression and guilt from giving the order to fire on Jackson.
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7th Grade Social Studies
Mexico & U.S. History from the Revolution to Reconstruction
Class 156— Gettysburg Days 1 &2
May 2, 2014
Focus: If the South’s strategy for victory was to fight a defensive war, why do you think General Lee had his army so
far north into Pennsylvania?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Student Objectives:
1. I will analyze Day 1 and Day 2 of the Battle of Gettysburg.
Homework:
-Current Events due Monday 5/6
-Read and Outline Chapter 16, Section 5 pgs. 540 Union Campaigns Cripple the Confederacy only (due 5/7)
-Read and Outline Chapter 15, Section 5 pgs. 541-543 (due 5/8)
-Chapter 16 Test Thursday 5/15
Handouts:
none
I. Gettysburg
A. Day 1
B. Day 2
Key terms/ideas/ people/places:
Gettysburg
Culp’s Hill
Little Round Top
Devil’s Den
Cemetery Hill
Seminary Ridge
George Meade
Fish Hook
By the end of class today, I will be able to answer the following:
What shape did the Union line up in to defend its lines?
Why was General Lee in PA?
Why was it called Devil’s Den?
Big Round Top
Notes
Class 156— Gettysburg Days 1 &2
May 2, 2014
Why is General Lee so far North?
 Railroad in Harrisburg
 Victory on northern soil could bring in European aid or help end war
 Turn East and attack Washington, D.C.
General Lee (CSA) vs. General Meade (USA)
 Lee’s Plans
o outflank the Union; frontal attack
 Meade’s Plans
o Keep the high ground
Day 1:
 Accident
o Confederate troops ran into Union horsemen on the Chambersburg Pike, northwest of town. Each side
sent for help. The rebels got there first, and by afternoon had driven the Union south of town, where they
rallied into defensive positions
Day 2:
 By day two 150,000 Union and Confederate troops had converged on the little Pennsylvania town. The southerners

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occupied a line Seminary Ridge. The northern men waited along Cemetery Ridge( in a fish hook defensive line) - a slightly
more elevated crest that ran south toward two hills, Big and Little Round Top. Lee's plan called for an assault on the left, or
southernmost, end of the Union line.
Devil’s Den
Little Round Top
o Bayonet Charge