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Civics Honors - Mr. MacLehose Study Guide – Final/Midterm Exam Your Final/Midterm will have three sections: 1) Multiple Choice Questions (worth about one-half of the midterm grade) You will have approximately 100 questions based on the units we have studied to date. You should review old study guides and notes for each unit. 1) Unit 1: Origins of U.S. Gov’t (Chs. 1 & 2) 2) Unit 2: Constitution & Federalism (Chs. 3 & 4) a) Amendment project (see chart you completed in class) 3) Unit 3: Political Parties (Ch. 5) 4) Unit 4: Congress/Legislative (Chs. 10-11) 5) Unit 5: President/Executive (Ch. 13) a) See PPT notes on 13.1-13.2 handed out in class 6) Unit 6: Supreme Court/Judicial (Ch. 18) a) Landmark Supreme Court cases (see chart you completed in class) b) See PPT notes on 18.1 and 18.2-18.3 2) Essay (worth about one-third of the midterm grade) You will write the Naturalized Citizens for President essay. The packet was handed out in class and you can reference it for the essay. You will need to bring in as many specific examples as possible and explain your points in detail. 3) Primary Source Documents (worth about one-fifth of the midterm grade) You will receive a packet of approximately 5-10 primary source documents with questions that will ask you to interpret them. Ch. 1.1 Government & the State (pp. 4-10) 1) purpose of government 2) government 3) public policies 4) legislative power 5) executive power 6) judicial power 7) constitution 8) dictatorship 9) democracy 10) state 11) characteristics of state 12) sovereign) 13) origins of state (esp. theories of gov’t origin) 14) major thinkers Ch. 1.2 Forms of Government (pp. 12-16) 15) classifications of government 16) 17) 18) 19) 20) 21) 22) 23) 24) 25) democracy – direct vs. representative democracy dictatorship autocracy oligarchy unitary government federal government division of powers confederate government presidential government parliamentary government Ch. 1.3 Basic Concepts of Government (pp. 18-22) 27) Concepts of democracy 27) individual freedom 28) free enterprise system 29) law of supply & demand 30) mixed economy 31) regulation 32) internet Ch. 2.1 Our Political Beginnings (pp. 28-32) 33) ordered government 34) limited government 35) representative government 36) Influences on U.S. gov’t - Magna Carta, Petition of Right, English Bill of Rights 37) Colonial American governments (esp. differences among royal, proprietary and charter/self-governing) 38) Bicameral vs. unicameral Ch. 2.2 The Coming of Independence (pp. 34-39) 39) “salutary neglect” [NOTE: only in my class notes, not in text] 40) relationship b/w governor & colonial legislatures 41) tax issues 42) colonial unity (esp. Albany Plan, Stamp Act Congress, 1st & 2nd Continental Congresses) 43) boycott (esp. impact on British tax laws) 44) Declaration of Independence (see also pp. 40-43) 45) state constitutions (esp. where power lay) 46) popular sovereignty Ch. 2.3 Critical Period (Articles of Confederation) (pp. 44-47) 47) Articles of Confederation (AOC) 48) ratification process 49) major features of AOC 50) powers of Congress 51) state debt 52) weaknesses of AOC 53) Shays’ Rebellion 54) Mount Vernon 55) Annapolis Convention Ch. 2.4 Creating the Constitution (pp. 48-54) 56) Framers – ideas & major characteristics 57) secrecy of Convention - why? impact? 58) Virginia Plan (Large States Plan) 59) New Jersey Plan (Small States Plan) 60) Connecticut Compromise (esp. parts of VA & NJ Plans in CT Compromise) 61) Three-Fifths Compromise 62) Commerce & Slave Trade Compromise 63) role of compromise in formation of Constitution Ch. 2.5 Ratifying the Constitution (pp. 56-58) 64) ratification process 65) Federalists (esp. Madison, Hamilton, Jay) 66) Anti-Federalists 67) significance of Virginian and New York’s ratification 68) Federalist Papers 69) new government 70) Quorum Ch. 3.1 Six Basic Principles (pp. 64-70) 71) Structure of Constitution: 1) Preamble 2) Articles (1-7) 3) Amendments (1-27) 72) 6 basic principles of Constitution 1) Popular sovereignty 2) Limited government/rule of law) 3) Separation of powers 4) Checks and balances 5) Judicial review (esp. Marbury v. Madison) 6) Federalism 73) Unconstitutional (esp. in context of Marbury v. Madison) Ch. 3.2 Formal Amendment (pp. 72-77) 74) Amendment 75) Formal Amendment Process – 4 methods, which is most common? 76) Proposed Amendments (six which were sent to states) 77) 27 Amendments – subject, reason (use worksheet from class) 1) Bill of Rights (1-10) 2) Reconstruction Amendments (13-15) 3) Progressive Amendments (16-19) Ch. 3.3 Informal Amendment (pp. 79-82) 78) Informal amendment “process” 79) basic legislation (including expressed powers) 80) Executive action a. executive agreement b. treaty 81) court decisions 82) party policies (esp. Electoral College use) 83) custom a. cabinet b. senatorial courtesy c. 2-term presidencies (before FDR & 22nd Amend.) Ch. 4.1 Federalism: Division of Power (focus on Federal Issues) (pp. 88-95) 84) Federalism (why?) 85) division of powers 86) delegated powers 87) expressed powers 88) implied powers 89) inherent powers 90) powers denied to national gov’t 91) states 92) reserved powers 93) powers denied to states 94) exclusive powers 95) concurrent powers 96) local government 97) supremacy clause 98) “necessary & proper” clause (Article I Section 8, #18) 99) Supreme Court & federalism (esp. McCulloch v. Maryland) 100) Interstate commerce (esp. federal role) Ch. 4.2 National Government & the 50 States (pp. 97-103) NOTE: See handout/worksheet entitled “State Power: Got a Reservation” 101) States rights 102) Reserved powers (10th Amendment) 103) State vs. federal power 104) Extradition 105) Privileges & Immunities Clause Ch. 5.1-5.4 (see notes and HW assignment) 106) Two-party system (pros and cons) 107) One party system (dictatorship) 108) Multi-party system (coalition gov’t) 109) George Washington’s warning 110) Brief history of previous two party systems in U.S. 1) Democratic-Republicans vs. Federalists (esp. founders and major ideas) 2) Democrats vs. Whigs (or National Republicans) (esp. key people and major ideas) 111) Two Major U.S. Parties currently 1) Democrats 2) Republicans 112) major beliefs of two current parties 113) “split” gov’t (esp. post-WWII) 114) control of Congress (rough years of each party since 1930’s) 115) 4 major eras of current 2-party system (1856-today) 116) incumbent 117) political machines 118) multi-candidate elections (what tends to happen? Why?) 119) third parties (single issues) 1) be familiar with larger 3rd parties 2) be familiar with issues and what tends to happen to 3rd parties Ch. 11.1 Scope of Congressional Power (pp. 290-292) 120) Congressional Powers 1) expressed 2) implied 3) inherent 121) strict constructionist 122) loose (or liberal) constructionist 123) role of federal power today (greater or smaller than in past? why?) Ch. 11.2 Expressed Powers of Money and Commerce (pp. 294-300) NOTE: for this section and 11.3 be familiar with “Article I - Legislative Branch” paraphrase 124) tax powers 125) direct tax 126) indirect tax 127) borrowing powers 128) deficit spending 129) public debt (esp. changes in growth/reduction over time) 130) commerce powers 131) Gibbons v. Ogden 132) interstate trade 133) currency power 134) legal tender 135) specie vs. paper money 136) bankruptcy Ch. 11.3 Other Expressed Powers (pp. 301-304) NOTE: nice chart of peacetime vs. war powers of Congress on p. 302 137) foreign relations powers 138) war powers 139) naturalization 140) postal power 141) copyrights & patents 142) weights & measures 143) eminent domain 144) judicial powers (NOTE: Congress’ overseeing/creation of federal courts as opposed to powers of the judicial branch) Ch. 11.4 Implied Powers (pp. 305-308) 145) appropriations 146) necessary and proper clause (“elastic clause”) 147) fight b/w Hamilton & Jefferson over implied powers 148) McCullough v. Maryland Ch. 11.5 Non-legislative Powers (pp. 310-314) 149) Amendment process (only as it relates to Congress’ role) 150) electoral duties (only in strange circumstances such as electoral ties/controversies/vacancies) 151) impeachment (be familiar with process and role of House and Senate) a) Andrew Johnson b) Bill Clinton c) Richard Nixon 152) impeach 153) acquit 154) censure 155) approval of appointments 156) treaties 157) investigatory powers Ch. 13.1-13.2 Executive Branch (pp. 354-363) NOTE: please see PPT handout on Ch. 13.1-13.2 158) roles of President 159) formal qualifications 160) George Washington’s precedents/traditions 161) Presidential pay Ch. 18 Legislative Branch (pp. 506-522) NOTE: please see two PPT handouts on Ch. 18.1 & 18.2-18.3 162) Dual court system (federal & state) 163) jurisdiction 164) Judiciary Act of 1789 165) Federal Court System (District Court, Court of Appeals, Supreme Court) 166) Appointment of Judges 167) Judicial review 168) Major Supreme Court cases (see notes/chart taken in class for PPT presentations)