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Landan Tolentino Period 7 US GOVT. 10/6/11 Exam 1: Formation of Government Instructions: Go to http://regentsprep.org/regents/core/questions/question.cfm?Course=USHG&TopicCo de=2b&QNum=1&Wrong=0 On the website, figure out the correct answer, then, bold the answer on this word document. Good luck 1. In the 1780’s, many Americans distrusted a strong central government. This distrust is best shown by the a. b. c. d. lack of debate over the ratification of the United States Constitution plan of government set up by the Articles of Confederation development of a Federal court system constitutional provision for a strong President 2. "We hold these truths to be self-evident: That all men are created equal; that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness; . . ." This quotation is evidence that some of the basic ideas in the Declaration of Independence were a. b. c. d. Limitations of the principles underlying most European governments of the 1700’s. Adaptations of the laws of Spanish colonial governments in North America. Adoptions of rules used by the Holy Roman Empire. Reflections of the philosophies of the European Enlightenment. 3. The authors of the United States Constitution believed that the voice of the people should be heard frequently. Which part of the Government was instituted to respond most directly to the will of the people? a. b. c. d. Senate House of Representatives Supreme Court Presidency 4. In the United States, the use of implied powers, the amending process, and Supreme Court interpretations have resulted in a. b. c. d. a general loss of individual rights a strengthening of the principle of separation of powers the Constitution being adapted to fit changing times the limiting of Presidential power in domestic affairs 5. Which quotation from the United States Constitution provides for a Federal system of government? a. b. c. d. “He shall have power . . . with the advice and consent of the Senate, . . . and . . . shall appoint . . .“ “Every bill . . . shall, before it becomes a law, be presented to the President of the United States…" “The powers not delegated to the United States . . . are reserved to the states . . .“ “Full faith and credit shall be given in each state to the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state.” 6. The system of checks and balances is best illustrated by the power of a. b. c. the President to veto a bill passed by Congress Congress to censure one of its members a governor to send the National Guard to stop a riot Landan Tolentino Period 7 US GOVT. 10/6/11 d. state and Federal governments to levy and collect taxes 7. Which Presidential action is an example of the unwritten constitution? a. b. c. d. appointing Justices to the Supreme Court granting pardons for Federal crimes submitting a treaty to the Senate for ratification consulting with the Cabinet 8. A lasting impact of the United States Supreme Court under Chief Justice John Marshall is that the Court’s decisions a. b. c. d. extended the Bill of Rights to enslaved persons expanded the power of the Federal Government restricted the authority of Congress promoted the views of the President 9. The major role of political parties in the United States is to a. b. c. d. protect the American public from corrupt public officials insure that free and honest elections are held nominate candidates for public office and conduct campaigns meet constitutional requirements for choosing the President 10. Adherence to a strict interpretation of the Constitution would have prevented President Thomas Jefferson from a. b. c. d. e. making the Louisiana Purchase writing “State of the Union” messages receiving ambassadors commissioning military officers 11. Which factor has made the strongest contribution to the development of religious freedom in the United States? a. b. c. d. Most citizens have shared the same religious beliefs. Religious groups have remained politically unified. School prayer has been ruled constitutional by the Supreme Court. Guarantees in the Constitution have encouraged religious expression and toleration. 12. Which phrase from the Declaration of Independence most clearly reflects the idea that the people are the source of government? a. b. c. d. “. . . that all men are created equal,...” “. .. all men are . . . endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights “. . . deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed. . .“ “. . . governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes . . . 13. One way in which the United States Constitution differed from the Articles of Confederation was that the Constitution a. b. c. d. created a national government having three branches provided for the direct election of the President by the voters made the amendment process more difficult increased the powers of the states 14. At the Constitutional Convention of 1787, delegates from the small states most strongly supported the idea of a. b. c. d. establishing a strong national executive levying taxes on exports popular election of Senators equal representation for the states in the national legislature 15. Which argument did the authors of the United States Constitution use when they insisted that revenue bills originate in the House of Representatives? Landan Tolentino Period 7 US GOVT. 10/6/11 a. b. c. d. Frequent elections would make members of the House more responsive to the wishes of the voters. Members of the House would have a superior understanding of economics. The national budget should be determined solely by the House of Representatives. Political parties would have less influence on Members of the House than on Senators. 16. One way in which the authors of the Constitution tried to create “limited government” was by providing for a. b. c. d. a loyal opposition through a two-party system a division of power between the national and state governments the establishment of naturalization laws the popular election of Federal judges 17. Which action is an example of the unwritten constitution? a. b. c. d. the Senate ratifying a peace treaty Congress passing a law regulating interstate commerce selection of a Presidential candidate by a nominating convention the President removing an Army officer from command for insubordination 18. The elastic clause, the amending process, and judicial review are all methods by which a. b. c. d. Congress may check the power of the executive branch the wording of the original Constitution may be altered state governments may limit the power of the Federal Government the Constitution may be adapted to meet changing conditions 19. “The most stringent protection of free speech would not protect a man in falsely shouting fire in a theater and causing a panic.” Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes. Which interpretation of the Bill of Rights does this statement illustrate? a. b. c. d. The needs of the government are more important than civil liberties. Constitutional protections of liberty are not absolute. The Supreme Court can eliminate freedoms listed in the Bill of Rights. The Bill of Rights does not safeguard individual liberties. 20. Which action was necessary to change from the indirect to the direct election of United States Senators? a. b. c. d. ratification of a constitutional amendment passage of a Federal law a Supreme Court decision a national referendum 21. “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.” a. b. c. d. the Magna Carta the divine right monarchs of Europe John Locke’s theory of natural rights Marxist philosophy 22. The United States Government is considered a federal system because a. b. c. d. the people elect national officials both national and state governments exist within the nation foreign policy is handled by state governments each state has equal representation in the United States Senate 23. The flexibility of the original United States Constitution is due mainly to a. b. c. d. its provision for the amending process and judicial interpretation its guarantees of freedom and justice for all people the ability to create new branches of government as needed the willingness of the states to accept Federal control Landan Tolentino Period 7 US GOVT. 10/6/11 24. Anti-federalists criticized the United States Constitution primarily because governing power was concentrated in the a. b. c. d. State legislatures President’s Cabinet delegates to the Constitutional Convention National Government 25. “In framing a government which is to be administered by men over men, the great difficulty lies in this, you must first enable the government to control the governed; and in the next place, oblige it to control itself.” This passage from the Federalist Papers refers to the need for a. b. c. d. a strong executive a system of checks and balances an independent military a national education system 26. A member of the United States Congress must resign from Congress if elected or appointed to a position in the executive or judicial branch. This requirement is an example of a. b. c. d. limited terms for Federal officials judicial review separation of powers States’ rights 27. An example of the unwritten constitution in the United States is the a. b. c. d. right of citizens to vote if they are 18 years old or older rise of the two-party political system right to freedom of speech use of the electoral college system 28. The main purpose of lobbying is to a. b. c. d. influence legislation on behalf of special interest groups strengthen the power of political parties increase the speed and efficiency of the law-making process reduce the number of candidates in political elections 29. The two major political parties make their final selection of a Presidential candidate through a. b. c. d. delegates’ votes at a national party convention decisions of the electoral college actions of the State legislatures citizens’ choices in public opinion polls 30. Which document is best described as a statement of democratic principles rather than a framework for government? a. b. c. d. Albany Plan of Union Articles of Confederation Declaration of Independence United States Constitution 31. The United States Constitution grants certain powers only to the Federal Government. For example, only Congress can declare war. These powers are called a. b. c. d. police powers reserved powers delegated powers concurrent powers Landan Tolentino Period 7 US GOVT. 10/6/11 32. Which action would be necessary before the government could deny a person a public trial by an impartial jury? a. b. c. d. a national referendum passage of a law by Congress a unanimous ruling by the Supreme Court ratification of a constitutional amendment 33. Which feature of the Presidency is a result of a constitutional amendment? a. b. c. d. two-term limit in office power to appoint ambassadors duty to act as Commander in Chief responsibility to nominate Justices to the Supreme Court 34. In the United States Government, members of the Cabinet are directly responsible to the a. b. c. d. Congress Senate Supreme Court President 35. The Supreme Court’s power of judicial review is a result of a. b. c. d. an order by the President the Court’s own interpretation of the Constitution a provision in the Bill of Rights the Court’s decision to hear appeals regarding taxation 36. The equal protection clause of the 14th amendment has been used to challenge the death penalty on the grounds that a. b. c. d. tremendous differences exist from state to state in the application of capital punishment laws media coverage severely limits a defendant’s ability to receive a fair trial judges lack the necessary experience to hear capital cases trials are often delayed for trivial reasons 37. Constitutional amendments have been proposed to ban forced busing, forbid abortion, and prohibit burning the United States flag. These proposals indicate that a. b. c. d. the Constitution is an inflexible document amending the Constitution is a simple process some people disagree with certain Supreme Court decisions American society has been unwilling to deal with complex social issues 38. During the debates over the ratification of the United States Constitution, Federalists and Anti-Federalists disagreed most strongly over the a. b. c. d. division of powers between the national and state governments provision for admitting new states to the Union distribution of power between the Senate and the House of Representatives method of amending the Constitution 39. The Articles of Confederation are best described as a a. b. c. d. statement of principles justifying the Revolutionary War plan of union for the original thirteen states set of arguments supporting ratification of the Constitution list of reasons for the secession of the Southern States 40. When the United States Constitution was written, what compromise did the authors reach to gain the support of the states with small populations? a. b. c. d. Congress would consist of both a House of Representatives and a Senate. Five enslaved persons would be counted as three free persons for the purpose of taxation The President would be selected by the direct vote of the people. Exported goods could not be taxed, but imported goods could be taxed. Landan Tolentino Period 7 US GOVT. 10/6/11 41. "President Delivers State of the Union Address to Congress." "President Mobilizes the National Guard To Quell Riots." "President’s Appointee Will Enforce Federal Guidelines." These headlines are evidence that the President of the United States a. b. c. d. has new added duties not specified in the original Constitution exercises nearly unlimited power under the United States governmental system has specific executive, legislative, and military powers must obtain congressional approval of most executive decisions 42. The authors of the Articles of Confederation established a decentralized political system mainly to a. b. c. d. cancel state debts incurred during the Revolutionary War assist the southern states in their efforts to gain a manufacturing base promote the common goal of national sovereignty prevent the abuses of power that had existed under British rule 43. Senate ratification of treaties negotiated by the President is required by the United States Constitution as a way of a. b. c. d. maintaining United States prestige in international affairs preventing Federal abuse of State power implementing the principle of checks and balances expanding the authority of the executive branch 44. The United States Constitution requires that a census be taken every ten years to reapportion a. b. c. d. membership in the House of Representatives the number of delegates to national nominating conventions Federal aid to localities agricultural subsidies 45. In the United States Congress, differences between Senate and House of Representatives versions of a bill are usually resolved by accepting the version that is a. b. c. d. preferred by a majority of the State legislatures supported by the Supreme Court preferred by the House in which the bill originated agreed to by a joint conference committee of both Houses 46. "The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in cases of rebellion or invasion the public safety may require it." This provision is evidence that the writers of the United States Constitution. a. b. c. d. wanted the President to have unlimited power during wartime wanted to balance individual liberty with the needs of the nation did not trust the common people to obey the laws expected the American people to oppose most government policies 47. The United States Constitution requires that a census be taken every ten years to reapportion a. b. c. d. membership in the House of Representatives the number of delegates to national nominating coventions Federal aid to localities agricultural subsidies 48. In the United States Congress, differences between Senate and House of Representatives versions of a bill are usually resolved by accepting the version that is a. b. c. d. preferred by a majority of the State legislatures supported by the Supreme Court preferred by the House in which the bill originated agreed to by a joint conference committee of both Houses Landan Tolentino Period 7 US GOVT. 10/6/11 49. Which idea had a major influence on the authors of the Articles of Confederation? a. b. c. d. A strong central government threatens the rights of the people and the states. All of the people must be granted the right to vote. Three branches of government are needed to protect liberty. The central government must have the power to levy taxes and to control trade. 50. The significance of the Supreme Court case Marbury v. Madison is that the decision a. b. c. d. advanced civil rights for minorities upheld the constitutionality of a national bank limited Presidential control of foreign policy established the power of judicial review