Download AP Biology Unit 9 Plant Structure and Function

AP Biology Unit 9 Plant Structure and Function
Topics
Textbook Correlations
Reproduction, growth, & development
Concepts: 29.2-29.4, 30.1-30-3,
35.1-35.5, 38.1
Structural, physiological, and behavioral
adaptations
Response to the environment
Concepts: 35.1, 35.2, 36.1-36.5,
38.1-38.3, 39.1-39.5
Concepts: 37.1, 37.4, 39.1-39.5
Key Terms
1. lateral meristem
2. primary growth
3. apical meristem
4. internodes
5. auxins
6. gibberellins
7. gravitropisms
8. photoperiodism
9. ethylene
10.zone of maturation
11.phototropism
12.xylem
13.phloem
14.tracheids
15.vessel elements
16.roots
17.root hairs
18.sieve tube members
19.companion cells
20.monocots
21.abscisic acid
22.cotyledon
23.vascular cambium
24.cork cambium
25.thigmotropism
26.cytokinins
Recommended work:
Chapter section and review questions
AP Biology Unit 9 Plant Structure and Function
The plant kingdom includes thousands of species, which have established themselves in
every possible habitat. With such a wide range of habitats, plants naturally taken on a
dazzling variety of forms. There are over 260,000 different species of flowering plants
alone.
You need to be familiar with the general characteristics, life cycles, and classifications of
plants. We have already covered some of these characteristics in the last unit. You
should recall that plants:

Are ____________________, eukaryotic organisms.

Have a __________________ made of __________________ for support.

Are _________________________, meaning that they convert light energy to
________________ energy by means of chloroplast located primarily in their leaves.

Take up ________________ via capillary action.
Plant Classification (review)
Describe each of the following groups.

Green algal ancestor
Nonvascular

Hornworts

Liverworts

Mosses
Seedless, Vascular

Whisk ferns

Horsetails

Ferns
AP Biology Unit 9 Plant Structure and Function
Seeds, Vascular

Gymnosperms

Angiosperms
Describe the differences between bryophytes and tracheophytes.
Vascular tissues
Describe the function and draw and label xylem (cells) tissue.
Describe the function and draw and label phloem (cells) tissue.
AP Biology Unit 9 Plant Structure and Function
Gymnosperms and Angiosperms: The Seeded Plants
Contrast gymnosperms and angiosperms.
Angiosperms can be further divided into two classes: monocots and dicots
Complete the following chart for monocots vs dicots.
Monocots
Floral Parts
Number of Cotyledons
Vascular bundles
Root system
Leaf veins
Plant Growth
How do plants grow?
Explain the function of meristematic tissue.
Dicots
AP Biology Unit 9 Plant Structure and Function
Describe primary growth and the function of apical meristem.
Describe secondary growth and the function of lateral meristem, including vascular
cambium and cork cambium.
Special Structures in Plants
Draw and label, and describe, a root, include the root tip, the zone of cell division, the
zone of elongation, and the zone of maturation..
AP Biology Unit 9 Plant Structure and Function
Draw and label a cross section of a dicot root, include the epidermis, cortex, stele,
pericycle, and the pith.
Describe water movement in roots.
Apoplast pathway
Symplast pathway
Stem structure
Draw and label a cross section of a dicot and monocot stem, include phloem, xylem, pith,
cambium, cortex, and cork
AP Biology Unit 9 Plant Structure and Function
Leaves
Draw and label a cross section of a leaf, include palisade and spongy layers, guard cells,
stomata, location of chloroplasts.
Describe how guard cells control the opening and closing of the stomata, make sure you
include the movement of K+.
Water movement
Describe the different factors that control the movement of water through a plant.
AP Biology Unit 9 Plant Structure and Function
Plant Hormones
The growth and development of plants are controlled by substances known as
hormones. There are five classes of plant hormones, which affect division,
elongation, and cell differentiation.
Complete the following chart: Functions of Plant Hormones
Hormone
Function
Location in Plant
Auxin
Cytokinins
Gibberellins
Abscisic acid
Ethylene
Plant Movements
Define tropism:
AP Biology Unit 9 Plant Structure and Function
Describe Phototropism.
Describe gravitropism.
Describe thigmotropism.
Describe photoperiodism, include phytochrome, Pr and Pfr, red light, far red light.
AP Biology Unit 9 Plant Structure and Function
Essay #1 Describe the following processes in the plant life cycle and why they are
important for the plant to complete, listing all of the plant hormones involved and
describing their function:
(a)
elongation of the plant shoot.
(b)
the process by which plants orient themselves with respect to the sun.
(c)
photoperiodism.
AP Biology Unit 9 Plant Structure and Function
Essay #2
Describe and discuss plant form in a terrestrial environment as
it relates to the physiological function listed below. Include in your discussion
evolutionary comparisons with aquatic plants.
(a)
reproduction
(b)
seed disperal
(c)
water balance
(d)
structural support