Download Unit D Assessment - Rocky View Schools

Biology 30: Unit D
1
(35 marks)
(30 marks)
Assignment
UNIT D ASSIGNMENT
Part 1: Multiple Choice
1.
The rapidly growing human population is endangering populations of K-strategists
while favoring r-strategists. Examples of K strategists and r-strategists respectively
are:
A.
B.
C.
D.
whales and houseflies
elephants and pine trees
cockroaches and dandelions
mosquitoes and woodpeckers
Answer:
From 1968 to 1990, the population of snow geese nesting grew near Churchill, Manitoba,
increased from about 2 000 pairs (4 000 individuals) to about 22 500 pairs (45 000
individuals) with a nesting density of around 1 000 nests per square mile. Snow geese
winter along the coasts of Texas and Louisiana. Prior to 1960, marshes along these
coasts provided the main food sources (reeds, roots, and tubers) for the geese.
Destruction of these marshes and increased crop production of rice, corn, and soybeans
has occurred since that time. The stubble from these crops and spilled grains are easily
obtained food sources for the snow geese. Reduction in hunting and greatly increased
food supplies from cultivation near their wintering ground has cut mortality rates of snow
geese in half over this period.
The high nesting density of the snow geese has left little foraging or nesting space for
other species of birds, and a decline in several duck species and shore birds has been
observed. Simultaneously, intensive foraging by the snow geese erodes and dries out
patches of Arctic soil, reduces regrowth of grasses and sedges, and greatly increases
soil salinity.
—from Brodie, 1997
2.
The goose population is probably in
A.
B.
C.
D.
exponential growth forming a J curve
in the exponential growth phase of an S curve
in the lag phase of the growth curve
at carrying capacity
Answer:
3.
That the high density of snow geese has left little forage or nesting sites for other
birds is an example of:
A. behavioral defense that reduces competition
Biology 30: Unit D
2
Assignment
B. intraspecific competition
C. natural selection
D. interspecific competition
Answer:
4.
What is your prediction for 10 years from now?
A. Density independent factors will limit population growth
B. The population will continue to grow at the same rate
C. Lack of food, nesting sites and high predation will act as density dependent
factors controlling the population
D. The population will continue to grow exponentially then crash
Answer:
5.
Based on the information provided, the per capita growth rate from 1968 to 1990
would be:
A.
B.
C.
D.
41,000
1864/y
10.25
12.5
Answer:
6.
Growth (delta N) in this population is the result of the combined effects of :
A.
B.
C.
D.
(births – deaths) + (immigration + emigration)
births – deaths / original population
(births + emigration) – (deaths + immigration)
(births + immigration) – (deaths + emigration)
Answer:
7.
If gene flow is occurring in this population, we can reasonably say that the
population is:
A.
B.
C.
D.
growing
undergoing natural selection
undergoing micro-evolution
decreasing in density
Biology 30: Unit D
3
Assignment
Answer:
8.
A small population of birds is isolated on an island during a tropical storm with no
possibility of flying back to their home island. Which of the following supports the
fact that the new population will likely undergo genetic drift in the form of the
Founder Effect?
A.
B.
C.
D.
the population is small
the population is genetically unrepresentative of the original population
the population members are all genetically similar
a and b
Answer:
9.
The HbS allele is responsible for susceptibility to the disease sickle cell anemia.
The normal allele (HbA) in west Africa has a frequency of 0.85. What is the
frequency of the HbS allele in this population?
A.
B.
C.
D.
0.72
0.10
0.15
0.85
Answer:
10.
Those homozygous for the HbS allele will be more likely to contract sickle cell
anemia and have a higher risk of death. Those homozygous for the HbA allele will
not have sickle cell anemia but have a high risk of malaria. Those heterozygous for
the alleles (HbSHbA) have lower rates of sickle cell anemia and malaria.
What is a reasonable prediction?
A. The sickle cell allele will eventually disappear because those that are
homozygous for the sickle cell allele will die
B. Those with malaria will increase in the population
C. The proportion of heterozygous individuals will increase
D. Those individuals homozygous for the HbS allele will increase
Answer:
The adult female guinea worm lives under the skin of many people in tropical countries. It
Biology 30: Unit D
4
Assignment
can grow to 90 cm but gives no symptoms until it burrows to the surface of the skin to
release its larva from painful blister-like eruptions. The long adult worm then takes weeks
to work its way out of the skin. Most people get infected by drinking water contaminated
by water fleas, a second organism in which the guinea worm completes its life cycle.
11.
Which of the following accurately describes the relationships between organisms?
A. The guinea worm is a parasite to both human and water flea hosts
B. The guinea worm is predator to human and water flea prey
C. The guinea worm is predator to human prey, but the water flea plays the part of
host
D. The guinea worm is parasite to human hosts, but water fleas are predators to
guinea worms
Answer:
12.
Which of the following would be the most effective way to reduce the incidence of
guinea worm infections in the local population?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Use of medications that destroy the worm
Public education programs that describe symptoms of infection
Digging wells to provide clean drinking water
Prevention of eruption of larvae from the skin
Answer:
A field biologist is responsible for reporting the population (N) of trembling aspen trees
(Populus tremuloides) in a 10 km2 zone. The biologists counted 5 randomly chosen
quadrants of 1 hectare (0.1 km2) each. Here are the results:
13.
The average density is
A.
B.
C.
D.
20/ha
70/ha
14/ha
25/ha
Quadrant
N
1
20
2
0
3
5
4
25
5
20
Biology 30: Unit D
5
Assignment
Answer:
14.
N in this population is
A.
B.
C.
D.
200
1400
700
130
Answer:
15.
The distribution pattern illustrated by the data above is:
A.
B.
C.
D.
random
uniform
clumped
uniform in some sites, clumped in others
Answer:
16.
White-tailed deer populations have recently been affected by ‘chronic wasting
disease’, a contagious illness that is similar to that which causes bovine
encephalitis, or ‘mad-cow’ disease. White-tailed deer populations and growth rates
are currently very high in Alberta, with high food availability and low predation.
Which of the following are true?
A. Chronic wasting disease is a density-dependent limiting factor
B. High food availability and low predation are examples of increasing
environmental resistance.
C. Chronic wasting disease will increase gr of the population
D. The effects of chronic wasting disease on the population are not related to the
density of the population.
Answer:
17.
White-tailed deer are
A.
B.
C.
D.
r-selected because they are large animals and have a long life span
K-selected because they produce few young and nurture them
r-selected because they are controlled mostly by density-independent factors
K-selected because population numbers are large
Biology 30: Unit D
6
Assignment
Answer:
18.
Perch are a smaller fish that feed mostly on small invertebrates and tiny “shiner”
minnows. Perch in turn are hunted by larger game fish like Northern Pike and
Walleye. Larger birds such as the scoop-billed pelican also feed on perch,
particularly the young minnows that swim in large schools. Recently, the
cormorant, a diving bird that preys on perch, have increased dramatically in
number. Because perch are prized by anglers for their excellent meat, they have
been fished hard for many years. In Moose Lake, like many northern Alberta lakes,
perch populations have fallen dramatically. Which row accurately describes the
relationships occurring in the lake?
Interspecific
competition
Intraspecific
competition
predator
A
Pelican-pelican
perch-human
perch
B
Cormorantpelican
human-human
northern pike
perch
C
Northern Pike Walleye
cormorantpelican
perch
shiner minnow
D
Perch-perch
shiner minnow walleye
cormorant
perch
prey
cormorant
Answer:
19.
According to the shape of the above age pyramids of three different countries, in
which case would health care for retired people 65 years and older become a
major issue?
A.
B.
C.
D.
A
B
C
None of the above
Answer:
Biology 30: Unit D
20.
7
Assignment
Which best describes an intimate ecological association in which an organisms
benefits from living on or within a host, but which generally has a negative effect on
that host?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
mutualism
saprophytism
commensalism
parasitism
predations
Answer:
Use the following information to answer the next 2 questions:
A sterile agar Petri plate is inoculated with a pure culture of bacteria and the sample is
distributed evenly over the surface of the plate. Paper discs that have been soaked with
Antibiotics Aureomycin (A) and penicillin (P) are placed at opposite sides of the plate.
After 24 hours of incubation, a clear ring with no bacterial growth is discovered around
disc A, but not around Disc P. However, in the clear ring around disc A, a single bacterial
colony is observed.
21.
The single colony found within the clear ring around disc A is most likely made up
of the descendants of a bacterial cell that
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
were resistant to Penicillin, but not Aureomycin
had a genotype that conferred resistance to Aureomycin
became resistant to Aureomycin upon its exposure to the antibiotic
was susceptible to both penicillin and Aureomycin
emigrated from another area of the agar plate
Answer:
22.
Bacteria taken from the lone colony around disc A were inoculated onto a new
sterile agar plate (plate II) and distributed evenly. A new Disc A and Disc P were
placed on the surface of the plate and incubated for 24 hours. What would you
expect to observe in plate II after 24 hours?
A. a clear ring larger than that around disc A in plate I would appear around disc A
only.
B. A clear ring larger than that around disc A in plate I would appear around disc P
only.
C. A clear ring smaller than that around disc A in plate I would appear around disc
P only.
D. There would be a clear ring around both disc A and disc P.
Biology 30: Unit D
8
Assignment
E. There would not be a clear ring around either disc A or disc P.
Answer:
A large population of laboratory animals has been allowed to breed randomly for a
number of generations. After several generations, 49% of the animals display a recessive
trait (bb), the same percentage as at the beginning of the breeding program. The rest of
the animals show the dominant phenotoype, with heterozygotes indistinguishable from
homozygous dominants.
23.
What is the most reasonable conclusion that can be drawn from the fact that the
frequency of allele b has not changed over time?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
The population is undergoing genetic drift
The two phenotypes are equally adaptive under laboratory conditions
The genotype BB is lethal
There has been a high rate of mutation of allele B to allele b
There has been sexual selection favoring allele b.
Answer:
24.
What is the frequency of allele b in the gene pool?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
0.70
0.51
0.49
0.30
0.07
Answer:
25.
What proportion of the population is heterozygous?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
0.51
0.42
0.21
0.09
0.07
Answer:
26.
Which of the following may indicate that a population is evolving?
Biology 30: Unit D
9
A.
B.
C.
D.
Assignment
A population with an un-changing environment.
A large population
A population in which each individual reproduces with the same success
A population where sexual selection occurs when finding mates
Answer:
27.
Which of the following density independent factors has the ability to cause a new
secondary succession?
A.
B.
C.
D.
frost/hail
rising global temperatures
fire
avalanche
Answer:
28.
In the more boggy parts of Northern Alberta, secondary succession usually begins
with moss and ends with black spruce. Which of the following statements about
succession is correct?
A. The black spruce is known as the pioneer species, and the moss the climax
species in this succession.
B. Each species of the succession cools the ground with shade, and adds
moisture and nutrients to the soil.
C. Although the plant species succeed, the animal communities remain the same
throughout the succession.
D. Wildlife preserves likely do not want successions to occur because the types of
wildlife species will change
E. b and d
Answer:
29.
Which of the following is an accurate and supportable assessment of human
population?
A. Because human beings are K selected, the growth curve has leveled off to a
carrying capacity.
B. Because human beings are r-selected our growth rates are near exponential
values.
C. The growth curve is nearly exponential due to technological enhancement of
the Earth’s carrying capacity
D. The growth curve will continue in a J-shaped pattern until a correcting
Biology 30: Unit D
10
Assignment
population crash occurs.
Answer:
30.
Which of the following is most likely to be in Hardy Weinberg equilibrium?
A. A large wild-boar farm in central Alberta
B. A population of 50 birds stranded on an isolated island as sea levels rose
C. A population of 5000 caribou herd that spends half the year near the Arctic
ocean and the other half in the central mountains of the Yukon
D. A population of 1000 deer near a nuclear reactor radiation leakage
E. None of the above
Answer:
(5 marks)
Part 2: Written Response Item
We are currently in a period of rapid environmental change. As you know, the earth has
experienced many periods of environmental change over the millennia, with some
species thriving and some undergoing extinction. The difference this time is that it is
human activity that is responsible for many of these changes. Climate change and habitat
destruction are examples of activities that have led to major disruptions in populations in
the past and present.
a.
If it is true that human activities (both intended and unintended) have led to
conditions that have caused changes in populations and hastened evolution or
extinction, evaluate the statement suggesting that humans have a responsibility to
take action to prevent further change and reduce the effects of changes that have
already occurred. Consider your answer from several perspectives.
Answer:
b.
Provide 2 examples of human activities that have caused intended changes in
natural populations and 2 examples of human activities that have caused
unintended changes. In each case describe the effect on the natural population.
Answer:
c.
Provide 2 examples of how humans have taken steps to reverse damage done to
natural populations in this regard.
Biology 30: Unit D
11
Assignment
Answer:
Marking Rubric for Part 2
5 marks
 Gives several arguments in favor and against the statement
 Uses several perspectives to argue the point (economic, scientific, societal,
technological, ethical)
 Writing/communication is clear and skilled
 Provides 4 clear examples of activities, 2 intended, 2 unintended
 Describes the effect of human activities on populations in each case
 Provides 2 clear examples of how humans have taken steps to reverse damage
done






Gives some arguments in favor and against
Uses some perspectives to argue the point
Writing is clear
Provides 3 examples of activities
Describes the effect in each case
Provides 2 examples not completely explained of how humans have taken steps to
reverse damage done
3 marks






Gives 1 argument in favor and against
Uses 2 perspectives in argument
Writing skills are adequate
At least half the activities given
Describes at least half the effect of activities on populations
One example is explained
2 marks






Gives only one argument, either for or against
Does not identify a perspective for the argument
Writing poor
Provides at least one intended or unintended activity
May not describe effect of human activity on populations
One example is listed but not explained
1 mark
 Addresses only one or two of the bullets
4 marks
Once you have completed all of the questions, submit your work to your teacher.