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TAKS Social Studies Review Name: 1. __________________ was the first English settlement. What year was it founded? __________ 2. In what year did the Second Continental Congress approve the Declaration of Independence? _________ 3. Delegates from twelve states met in ___________________ to revise the Articles of Confederation, but instead they wrote a new constitution for the United States. In what year was this Constitution written? _________ 4. In what year did the United States purchase the Louisiana Territory? _________ 5. Who did the United States purchase Louisiana Territory from? ___________________ 6. The American Civil War began with the firing on ____________________ and ended with the Confederate surrender at ________________________________________. In what year did the Civil War begin and end? ________________________________ 7. A form of government in which power is held by the people and exercised through the efforts of representative elected by those people: ____________________________ 8. The document drafted by the Pilgrims whereby they agreed to accept majority rule and participate in a government in the best interest of all members of the colony. _____________________________________ 9. What was the name of the first written constitution in the American colonies? _________________________________________ 10. What was the name of the first representative assembly in the colonies? (It was founded in 1619 in Virginia) _____________________________________ 11. The economic theory which stated that the colonies serve as a source of raw materials for Great Britain and as a marketplace for British goods. ________________________ 12. While they were fighting the ______________________________ in Europe, the British and the French fought the ________________________ war in America. Which side won? __________________ 13. Congress put a tax on imported good in order to protect American factories in the __________________ from British competition. The _____________ bitterly opposed the tax. What was this tax called? _________________________________ 14. In his farewell address in 1796, President Washington stressed three dangers facing the nation? List them: a. The rise of _________________________ could divide the nation b. ________________________ - political divisions based on geographic loyalties. c. Remain ________________ in European affairs. 15. Name the foreign policy statement formulated by Secretary of State John Quincy Adams and presented by President James Monroe in 1823 which reflected American nationalism. _____________________________________ a. It warned _______________________ nations not to interfere with young Latin American republics b. Stated that the United States would not get involved in _______________________ affairs 16. Who forced the Cherokees to move from their home in Georgia to Indian Territory? ______________________________ 17. What was the 800 mile journey of Cherokees called? ___________________________ 18. What was the name of the law which was passed by the Confederation Congress which established a system for setting up governments in the western territories so they could eventually join the Union on an equal footing with the original 13 states? ____________ ______________________ The law required new states to prohibit _____________. 19. The popular expression based on the belief that the United States was destined to secure territory from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean. _____________________________ 20. In 1794, Congress levied an _______________ _________ on certain domestic goods. The tax resulted in a rebellion in western Pennsylvania. What was this rebellion called? ___________________________________ 21. Issued by Abraham Lincoln, it declared that all slaved in the rebellious Confederate states would be free. _____________________________ It did not apply to slaves living in _________________ ____________ or to areas in the South occupied by federal troops. 22. Name the speech delivered by President Lincoln on November 19, 1863 which begins with the words, “Four score and seven years ago.” ________________________________ 23. What is the name given to the period following the Civil War from 1865 – 1877? ____________________________________ 24. What name was given to the system of agricultural production based on large-scale land ownership and the exploitation of labor which developed in the South? ____________________________________ 25. What term is used to refer to the switch from hand labor to machine labor which began in England and spread to the United States in the late 1790’s _____________________________________ 26. What name is given to the war between in the U.S. and Great Britain in the early 1800’s which resulted from British violations of United States’ freedom of the seas? ______________________________________ 27. The Free Enterprise System is an economic system in which individuals depend on _______________ and __________________ and the profit margin to determine the answers the four basic economic questions a. What to ________________________ b. ___________ to produce c. How _______________ to produce d. For ________________ to produce 28. This document, signed by King John declared the king and government were bound by the same law as other citizens of England. __________________________________ 29. What document, adopted by the Second Continental Congress in 1776, begins with the words, “We hold these truths to be self-evident…”_____________________________ ___________________________ 30. The series of essays written to explain and urge ratification of the U.S. Constitution. ___________________________________ They were written by: __________________________, _______________________, and _____________ ______________________ 31. What name was given to our first national constitution? _________________________ 32. The _____________________________ outlines the powers of our national government and divides it into three branches a. _______________________________ b. _______________________________ c. _______________________________ 33. What do we call the first ten amendments to the Constitution? ___________________ 34. The first amendment guarantees five fundamental rights of American citizens. List these rights: a. Freedom of ____________________ b. Freedom of ____________________ c. Freedom of ____________________ d. Right to ____________________ e. Right to ____________________ 35. What term is used to define a type of government in which everyone must obey the law? ________________________________ 36. This term describes a philosophy of limited government with elected representatives serving at the will of the people? _____________________________ 37. In a system of _____________________________________ each branch of governments is authorized to share its powers with the other branches and provides method for each branch to limit the activities and powers of the others. 38. The distribution of power between the federal government and the states within the union is called _______________________________ 39. This branch of government is headed by the president, enforces the laws, and sees that they are carried out? __________________________ 40. This branch of government , headed by the Supreme Court, interprets the law _______________________ 41. Within the concept of ___________________ ____________________, the political power rests with the people who can create, alter, and abolish government. How do people express themselves? _______________________________ 42. What did the 13th Amendment do? _____________________________ 43. This Amendment declared that all persons born or naturalized in the U.S. (except Indians) were citizens, that all citizens were entitled to equal rights regardless of their race, and that their rights were protected at both the state and national levels by due process of law. ___________________ 44. This Amendment granted black men the right to vote. ________________________ 45. What do we call the power of the Supreme Court to declare a law unconstitutional? ______________________________________________ 46. Those favoring ratification of the Constitution and adoption of the federalist form of government were called _______________________. 47. Those who opposed the Constitution were called __________________________. 48. During the Jackson administration South Carolina declared the protective tariff null and void. This led to a crisis called what? ______________________________________ 49. In 1803, Chief Justice John Marshall and the Supreme Court declared a law unconstitutional for the first time, thus establishing the principle of _______________________________. What was the name of the Supreme Court case? ______________________________________________________________ 50. Maryland was opposed to the establishment of a national bank and challenged the authority of the federal government to establish one. What was the name of the case? __________________________________ How did the court rule? ______________ __________________________________________________________________ 51. Chief Justice John Marshall of the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the Constitution gave control of interstate commerce to the U.S. Congress, not the individual states through which a route passed. Name the case? _____________________________________ 52. Name the landmark Supreme Court case which confirmed the status of slaves as property rather than citizens. ___________________________________________________ 53. What do we call a person of foreign birth who is granted full citizenship? ___________ __________________________________ 54. What term applies to those individuals who played a major role in declaring the U.S. independence? ________________________________________ 55. Citizens who go a step beyond their obligations by taking an active role in improving the community and experiences of other members of the community are said to possess a quality called _____________________________________. 56. Peacefully refusing to obey laws one considers unjust is called ____________________. 57. What do we call the movement to bring an end to slavery in the United States? _______ ___________________________. 58. The revival of religious feeling in the American colonies during the 1730’s and 1740’s was called the _________________ ___________________. 59. The _______________ ________________ ______________ was a renewal of religious faith in the 1790’s and early 1800’s that lead to efforts to reform society. 60. What do we call evidence produced by someone who participated in an event or lived during the time being studied? _______________________________________ 61. What do we call descriptions or interpretations of events prepared by people who are not involved in the events described? _______________________________________ 62. Leader of the Sons of Liberty: _______________________________ 63. ________________________ was an inventor, published Poor Richard’s Almanack, and negotiated the Treaty of Alliance with France during the Revolutionary War. 64. Who was the king of England during the American Revolution? ____________________ 65. He was the principal author of the Declaration of Independence, founder of the DemocraticRepublican Party, and the president who purchased the Louisiana Territory from France. ________________________________ 66. ___________________ was the young French aristocrat who volunteered for America during the Revolutionary War. 67. Who wrote Common Sense and The Crisis? _________________________ 68. He was the Commander of the Continental Army during the American Revolution and the first president of the U.S. ____________________________ 69. Elected president in 1828 and 1832, __________________________ was a symbol of the common man, won the Battle of New Orleans during the War of 1812, and was known as “Old Hickory.” 70. He was a South Carolina senator who supported states’ rights and defended slavery? ____________________________________ 71. Know as the “Great Compromiser” for his ability to smooth conflict through balanced legislation. ________________________________ 72. ______________________ was noted for his speaking ability and his commitment to preserving the union of states. In a famous senate debate, he said, “Liberty and Union, now and forever, on inseparable!” 73. _________________________ was the president of the Confederate States of America during the Civil War. 74. _________________________ was commander of the Union Army during the Civil War and was elected president in 1868 and 1872. 75. _________________________ was from Virginia and was commander of the Confederate Army during the Civil War. 76. _________________________ was the president of the U.S. during the Civil War, issued the Emancipation Proclamation, and delivered the Gettysburg Address. 77. _________________________ was the founder of the Federalist Party and the nation’s first Secretary of Treasury. 78. _________________________ He was fiery orator who said, “Give me liberty or give me death!” 79. Who was the “Father of the Constitution” and president of the U.S. during the War of 1812? ______________________________________ 80. He established a colony in Pennsylvania as a refuge for the Quakers. _______________ 81. Who was the author of Walden and the influential essay Civil Disobedience? ________________________He refused to pay taxes during the Mexican War because of his opposition to slavery. 82. Who was the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court for 34 years and established the authority of the court in defining the limits of the U.S. Constitution and the authority of the executive branch? ______________________________ 83. _________________________ was a leading African American Abolitionist who published and abolitionist paper called ____________________________ 84. Who is considered the founder of the U.S. Navy? ________________________ 85. Who was the fifth president of the United States who declared that the European powers should not colonize or interfere in the affairs of the nations in the Western Hemisphere in his famous doctrine? ________________________________ 86. Along with Lucretia Mott, ________________________________ organized the women’s rights movement, and the Seneca Falls Convention. 87. Where were the first two skirmishes of the American Revolution? _________________ 88. Which battle is considered the turning point of the American Revolution? ___________ 89. What was the final major battle of the American Revolution? ____________________ 90. The ________________________ was passed by Congress in 1807 prohibiting all exports from the United States. 91. To borrow and use and idea that you get from another culture is called _____________ ___________________ 92. What term applies to roads, bridges, and canals paid for by the federal government? ____________________________________ 93. What name was given to the intellectual movement of the 1700s that stressed the power of reason? ________________________________ 94. What is the term meaning country; outside the city? ___________________________ 95. What is the term having to do with cities? ______________________ 96. Who is responsible for the invention of the cotton gin and the idea of interchangeable parts? ______________________________ 97. A war caused by the U.S. annexation of Texas and resulted in the acquisition of the territory from Texas to California. ________________________________________ 98. Which group of colonies had an economy based on fishing, shipping and trade? ________ ______________________ They had a cold climate and a short growing season. 99. Which groups of colonies were known as the breadbasket colonies? __________________________________ 100. Which group of colonies had the longest growing season and the most fertile soil? __________________________________ 101. Which compromise at the Constitution Convention resolved the dispute between the large and small states over representation in Congress by creating a bicameral legislature? _____________________________ 102. Which compromise at the Constitutional Convention resolved the dispute between the northern and southern states over the counting of slaves for representation purposes? ______________________________ Once you have completed the power point presentation, go to the following web address and complete the TAKS practice test http://www.tea.state.tx.us/student.assessment/resources/online/2004/grade8/socialstudies.htm Record your score ____________