Download Examine each example and determine which color the paper

Name ___________________
Physics 4522 Final Review Packet 2012
Be sure to re-read all of the chapters we have covered this semester and go over old tests! Be able to answer all
the questions at the end of each chapter including ‘Think & Explain’. The final covers chapters 12-14 and the
presentations on waves, sound, color, reflection, refraction, polarizing filters and lenses.
1. In the standing wave shown, there are __________ nodes
2. and _________ antinodes. Letter ____ is pointing to a node and letter _____ is pointing to an
antinode. The wavelength of the wave would be _________ m.
Show all your work for all problems!
3. If the speed of sound in air is 340 m/sec, how far away will a cliff wall be if it returns an echo to
an observer in a time of 1.2 seconds?
4. Cicadas produce a buzzing sound that has a wavelength in air of 2.69 m. If the speed of sound
in air is 346 m/s, what is the frequency of the sound produced by a cicada? What is its period?
5. Draw a picture of a transverse wave. Label a wavelength, crest, trough, and base line. Describe
the movement of the energy pulse compared to the movement of the medium.
6. Draw a picture of a longitudinal wave. Label a rarefaction, compression and one wavelength.
Describe the movement of the energy pulse compared to the movement of the medium.
7. What is the speed of sound on a warm day with a temperature of 22C?
8. Draw two transverse waves; a) one with a high frequency and b) one with a lower frequency.
Would one have a higher speed than the other? Explain.
9.
Draw the diagrams of the wave front produced by an object, which is:
a) stationary
b) moving at the speed of sound
c) moving faster than the speed of sound
10. Sharon was blowing air into a 14 cm straw. When she covered one end of the straw she heard a
lower pitch. Calculate the frequencies for the open-end straw and the closed-end straw. (speed
of sound 340 m/sec)
11. It takes the sun’s light 4.3 years to reach Alpha Centauri. How far is this star from the sun?
12. When you go out in the sun, it is the ultraviolet light that gives you your tan or sunburn. The
pigment in your skin called melanin is activated by the enzyme tyrosinase, which is stimulated by
UV light. What is the wavelength of this UV light if it has a frequency of 7.89 X 1011KHz?
13. If a police car is approaching you with it’s siren on, the apparent pitch of the sound will be
___________________. After the police car passes you the pitch will be ______________. All
of this is due to the _______________ Effect.
14. The index of refraction of flint glass is 1.65, and the index of refraction of diamond is 2.42. Through
which one of these substances does light travel faster? Draw the light wave going from air, to flint
glass, to diamond, to air.
15. A standing wave of two modes has a length of 100cm. The frequency is 10 Hz.
a) Draw the standing wave. b) What is the speed of the wave’s pulse?
(questions 16-22 removed)
23. What is the difference between a bow wave and a shock wave?
24. Draw a wave between points A and B, which has a frequency of 4 Hz, and an amplitude of 3
units. Assume it takes one second to travel from A to B.
B
A
b) How many cycles fit between points A and B?
25. Superposition of waves
Combine Waves A and B. Draw the resulting wave C.
Indicate a point where constructive interference occurred (Con), and a point where destructive
interference occurred (Des)
a b
c d
e
f
g h
i
j
k
l
m
n o
p
q
r
s
t
u
v
26. Draw the shock wave produced by a jet traveling 7 times the speed of sound. Make sure to
actually measure your lines and label them with the measurments.
27. Draw the path of the ray from the air through the two different materials. Explain the
changes in the refraction angles from one medium to the next medium. What is the angle of
refraction as the ray exits to the air?
Write clearly and neatly. Use complete sentences.
Substance Index of
Refraction
Air
Air
1.00
Ice
1.31
Ice
Cubic
Zirconium
2.20
Cubic zirconium
Diamond
2.49
Diamond
Air
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
28.
Examine each example and determine which color the paper reflects and appears.
A.
RGB
B.
?
C.
White light
Paper absorbs G
?
Paper absorbs cyan.
White light
?
Paper absorbs R.
A: Paper reflects ____________. Paper appears _________________.
B: Paper reflects ____________. Paper appears _________________.
C: Paper reflects ____________. Paper appears _________________.
D.
Blue light
E.
?
Paper absorbs GB
F.
Yellow light
Paper absorbs red.
?
magenta light
Paper absorbs R.
D: Paper reflects ____________.
Paper appears _________________.
E: Paper reflects ____________.
Paper appears _________________.
F: Paper reflects ____________.
Paper appears _________________.
?
29. Color by transmission.
R
O
Y
G
B
V
Glass Pigment absorbs
ROYBV
Glass appears ________________
30.
O
Y
G
B
V
Glass pigment absorbs
OYV
31. As a sound wave moves across a room will the air molecules move across the room with
it? Explain.
32. Sound travels fastest in ___________ and slowest in _____________.
33. The loudness of a sound is related to the ______________ of the sound.
34. The loudness of a sound is measured in _______________. A 40 decibel sound is
__________ times louder than a 20 decibel sound.
35. The sounding board of a piano makes the piano louder because of ________________.
36. If an object is forced to vibrate at its natural frequency then ________________ can
occur.
37. If two tuning forks that are close in frequency are sounded together then a pattern of
constructive and destructive interference, called ___________ can occur.
38. In order for Michelson or Roemer to calculate the speed of light they had to know the
distance the light traveled and _______________________________.
39. It takes light one year to travel the distance called _____________________.
40. Light is a transverse, ____________________-________________ wave.
41. Violet light has ______________ energy than red light. Radio waves have
____________ energy than violet light, but all these waves travel at the same _________.
42. Know the electromagnetic spectrum in order, relative energy and some uses.
43.
When light hits a(n) _______________ material, the light goes on through.
44. When light hits a(n) _______________ material, the light does not go through at all.
45. Neither _________ or __________ light can go through window glass.
46. The darkest part of a shadow is called the _______________.
47.
What is polarized light?
48.
Only _________ percent of the light that goes through one polarizing filter gets through.
49. _________ percent of the light that goes through two polarizing filters, at right angles to
each other, gets through.
50.
Explain how polarized lenses could be used to make a 3-D movie.
51. A window washer would want polarized sunglasses with lenses that are polarized
___________________.
52. White light is made up of ________________________________.
53. Color by reflection and color by transmission are both types of color by _____________.
54. A white object _______________ all colors while a black object ______________ all
colors.
55. If red, blue and green light are shining on a red piece of glass, the glass will absorb the
color(s) ________________ and transmit the color(s) ___________________.
56. If blue light is shining on a red rose, the rose petals will look ___________ and the
leaves will look ________________. The _____________________ get warmer.
57. The brightest part of sunlight is ______________________.
58. Mixing colors of light is called color by __________________.
59. Red light plus cyan light makes ______________ light.
60. The complementary color of blue light is ______________ light.
61. Mixing colored pigments is color by ____________________.
62. A red piece of paper with yellow light shining on it will look ________________.
63. Printers use the ink colors ______________________________________ to print all
the colors. These are the subtractive primary colors.
64. Why is the sky blue?
65. Why is the ocean blue-green?
66. Why are sunsets red?
67. Why does a red lobster look black underwater?
68. What is the difference between reflection and refraction?
69. Draw two incident light rays on these mirrors and the reflected rays from them. Assume
light is coming from the left.
70. A concave mirror can form _______________________________ images.
71. A convex mirror can form _____________________ images.
72. A plane mirror can form ____________________ images.
73. What is diffuse reflection?
74. Multiple reflections of sound off of concert hall walls can cause ___________________.
75. The higher the index of refraction the _________________ light will travel in a medium.
76. If a light wave slows down in a new medium then it would refract _______________ the
normal line.
77. __________________ types of wave can undergo refraction.
78. Draw a diagram of a mirage situation.
79. Explain how a rainbow forms a draw a diagram of light in a raindrop.
80. How are critical angle and total internal reflection related to each other?
81. What is an optical fiber, also called fiber optics?
82. Draw a converging lens.
83. Draw a diverging lens.
84. Draw a ray diagram for the lens shown below. Is the image formed a virtual image or a
real image?
85. Draw a ray diagram for the lens shown below. Is the image formed a virtual image or a
real image?
86. Draw and explain how a reflecting telescope works.
87. Draw and explain how a microscope works.
88. Draw and label a diagram of a normal human eye.
89. Show how the eye would look for a person who is nearsighted and how glasses would
correct their vision.
90. Show how the eye would look for a person who is farsighted and how glasses would
correct their vision.
91. Explain what spherical aberration and chromatic aberration of lenses are.
92. __________________ occurs when a wave goes through an opening or around a
barrier.
93. Which would diffract most, a small wave going through a small opening or a large wave
going through a small opening?
94. Would long wavelength radio waves or shorter wavelength microwaves be better at
‘going around’ a building? Explain.
Some Useful Equations
V =λxf
V = d /t
Speed of light in air or vacuum = 3.0 x 108m/s
V = 330 m/s + (0.6m/sºc) x Temperature in ºC