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Energy Systems
2. Explain what is meant my ATP resynthesis.
ATP resynthesis is the process of restoring ATP to its previous state allowing the
body to reuse ATP over and over again. ATP needs to be resynthesised because
when energy is created a phosphate is lost from the molecule. Glucose is joined
with ADP in order to resynthesise ATP.
3. Draw an ATP molecule. Use a diagram to show the process by which
energy is produced and used.
Adenosine
Phosphate – Phosphate – Phosphate
Energy
ATP
ADP + Glycogen
CARBOHYDRATE
Bread Grain Weetbix Fruit
ATP + Pyruvic Acid
PROTEIN
FATS
Steak Egg Chicken
Butter Oil Cake Cheese
Amino Acids
Fatty acids and triglycerides
Glycogen in muscles and liver
Cells for aerobic and anaerobic metabolism
ATP
Energy Systems
1. What are the sources of food and by products for each energy system?
 ATP/PC – uses phosphocreatine as its fuel with heat as its only byproduct.
 Lactic Acid – Carbohydrates are the source of food and lactic acid is a
negative by product in this energy system.
 Aerobic Energy System – Uses carbohydrates, proteins and fats as fuel.
Hydrogen and carbon dioxide are the two by-products produced by this
energy system.
2. Which system is the most efficient at producing ATP and why?
Each system is efficient when it comes to producing ATP yet the most efficient
system is the aerobic system. This is because the aerobic system allows for an
unlimited supply of fuel to be used by the athlete and wastes such as lactic acid
aren’t produced.
3. Use Table 6.3 to suggest the predominant energy systems for the
following activities:
 Golf – ATP/PC
 200-metres swimming – Lactic acid system
 Snowboarding – ATP/PC
 Rugby league – ATP/PC
 Lawn bowls – Aerobic system
Fatigue
2. What are the three main causes of fatigue? Apply each to the relevant
energy system.
 The central and peripheral nervous systems – fatigue usually
results from maximal intensity arousing the feeling of
exhaustion before exhaustion has taken place in the muscles.
This targets the ATP/PC system as muscles are not given time
to react to exhaustion.
 The Energy Systems – Fatigue results from different things in
each energy system. In the Lactic Acid and Aerobic systems
fatigue results from muscle glycogen or blood glucose
depletion. In the ATP/PC system fatigue results from ATP
depletion.
 The Muscle Fibre – usually caused by the lactic acid system
fatigue occurs due to deoxygenated muscles or insufficient
blood flow reducing the ability for muscles to contract. The
lactic acid breaks down causing fatigue to the athlete.