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Biome Savanna Where in the World North and south of tropical rain forests that are on the equator e.g. Nigeria, Botswana, Zimbabwe Climate Hot weather in every season. Winter is rainless and relatively hot - Temps are over 64° F (18° C). Summer is considered the rainy season. Rain clouds form as warm, moist air arrives from the equator. Temperatures remain above 80° F (27° C). The seasons are influenced by monsoon weather, where winds go in different directions at different times of the year. Precipitation varies greatly between regions. Plant Adaptations • Fire resistant trees and shrubs are the main vegetation in these areas. • Here, some plants like acacia bushes grow thorns to dissuade grazers from eating them Animal Adaptations Animals: tall grazing animals like giraffes, trim trees and grasses Tundra Polar tundra can be found in Antarctica and the North Pole. It can also be found in Northern portions of Canada, Alaska, Greenland, and the United States. Alpine tundra, however, is not found in as distinct areas as polar tundra. Alpine tundra is scattered in many regions all around the world e.g. Canada, Scandinavia, Russia, and USA Deciduous forests can be found across north-central sections of the eastern United States, central Europe, eastern Asia, and parts of south-eastern Canada. Found only in the Northern Hemisphere. e.g. Canada, Scandinavia, Western Russia, and Northern North America. Winters are long, cold and dark, while the summers experience mild temperatures and 24 hour sunlight. There are strong winds and little rainfall. Ground hugging, to cope with cold lichens, mosses, dwarfed shrubs, Heaths, Birches & Willows Creatures have fur to cope with cold Four distinct seasons. Plants lose their leaves in winter Some animals hibernate In the winter season, the taiga's temperatures can drop • They have waxy needles below -76°F (-60°C). However, in the summer season to keep water in. temperatures can jump above 104°F (40°C). • They are shaped to shed snow. In summer can receive sun for 20 hours whereas in winter can go 20 hours with no sun. Store extra fat in winter, hibernate. North America, Australia, South America (Patagonia and Argentina), Middle East, Africa, Deserts are all dry, arid places, but they are not always hot. Some deserts can be cold most of the year depending on their location. At night, hot air from the day dissipates and, in some areas, temperatures can drop below freezing. • Temperate Deciduous woodland Coniferous forests Desert Rainfall can be up to 100 cm per year. • • • slow down growth for half of the year to conserve moisture. Many lose their leaves when temperatures become too intense. When the short rain Animals burrow to conserve heat and to prevent overheating. Animals estivate which means hibernating to • • Chaparral Tropical Rainforest Temperate Grassland Many scientists agree that chaparral exists in only five different spots in the world around 30-35o latitude (north and south). • Cape of Good Hope at the southern tip of South America • Western North America • Central Chile • The coastal regions around much of the Mediterranean Sea. Rainforests are found in more than forty countries around the equator. They are located in the tropics. The tropics can be found from the Tropic of Capricorn, south of the equator, to the Tropic of Cancer, which is north of the equator. During the summer, the chaparral is very dry and desert-like and temperatures can reach over 100° F (38° C). Conversely, during the winter, temperatures can drop below freezing and hard frosts hit the land. Temperate grasslands are found mainly outside of the tropics, in temperate regions. Before farming and livestock took over, grasslands covered certain areas of every continent, excluding Antarctica. Depends greatly on how close it is to the equator or oceans. The largest grassland area is in Russia. There are also large grassland areas in north America between the Rocky and Appalachian mountains, and in Argentina, New Zealand and South Africa. • Most rainfall is in Autumn and Winter. Drought in summer. High rainfall. • Constant high temperatures throughout the year. • • Inland steppe and prairie temperatures are very hot in the summer and can rise above 100° F (38° C). Steppes and prairies are also very cold in the winter, as well and can be as cold as -10° F (-23° C). Rainfall is fairly low. • • • season comes, plants burst into colour, sprouting leaves and flowers. Cacti store water in pulpy leaves. Deep roots to get water. Has many drought and fire resistant plants. leathery leaves, gnarled bark, and intimidating thorns. Trees have large triangular buttress roots. Leaves have a slick outer coating so rain slides off the leaf and does not weigh the plant down. Leaves have also developed drip tips. Drip tips help guide raindrops off of the plant Plants have thin, needle-like shaped leaves that expose little of the plant to the sun. Seventy percent of the plant is also underground, avoiding sun and wind. Deep roots can find water in the driest season. avoid heat instead of cold. Very few large mammals. Mainly birds and reptiles. Animals live in the tops of the trees where most food is. • • They are mostly burrowing animals e.g. Prairie Dogs, chinchillas, gerbils, hamsters, guinea pigs. In winter the animals store food underground and hibernate