Download Chapter 6 Terms

Chapter 6 Study Guide
Chapter 6 Terms
 food webs
 trophic levels
 10% Rule
 fundamental niche
 realized niche
 resource partitioning
 invasive species
 keystone species
 ecological restoration
 symbiosis
 competition
 herbivory
 predation
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amensalism
commensalism
mutualism
parasitism
Obligate
Facultative
succession
primary succession
pioneer species
secondary succession
resilience
resistance
biome
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boreal forest
chaparral
desert
savannas
temperate deciduous
forest
temperate grasslands
temperate rainforest
climate diagrams
(climatographs)
Questions
1. Read the Central Case Study on pp141-142 about Zebra Mussels and answer the
following questions:
a. Why are Zebra Mussels considered an “Invasive Species” in the Great Lakes?
b. Why were Zebra Mussel population able to increase so rapidly? (What negative
feedback loop was missing in the Great Lakes ecological community?)
c. What ecological problems were created by the Zebra Mussels?
d. What anthropocentric problems were created by the Zebra Mussels?
2. Give an example of Mutualism
3. Give an example of Commensalism
4. Give an example of Herbivory
5. Why is competition given a (- -) in table 6.1 on page 145? Why is it bad for both
species?
6. What is “Competitive Exclusion”?
7. Give an example of resource partitioning
8. Use the concept of Net Primary Productivity to explain why there is a “pyramid” of
numbers, biomass, and Energy in the trophic structure of an ecological community.
9. Why does only 10% of the energy get transferred to the next trophic level? Where
does the 90% of the energy go?
10. Give an example of a keystone species and explain why it is a keystone species.
11. Describe the difference between Primary and Secondary Succession.
12. Give an example of a “Pioneer Species” for each type of succession
13. Read the Science Behind the Story on pages156-157 and answer the following:
a. What is the Keystone species in this story? (there are two)
b. Diagram the food web in this story.
c. Describe the “Trophic Cascade” that occurs in this story.
d. What was the initial problem the scientist set out to answer?
e. What was their final explanation?
14. How do invasive species negatively affect an ecosystem? Give an example.
15. Give an example of why some people like invasive species?
16. Give an example of Ecological Restoration.
17. Read the “Weighing the issues” on page 161 and describe one problem with
Ecological Restoration.
18. Match the following Biome with its conditions. Use the climatograms on pages156168
Boral Forest (Taiga)
Chaparral
Key
Desert
 High rainfall
<50 mm
Savanna
 Moderate rainfall
10-30 mm
Temperate Deciduous Forest
 Low temperatures
<10 C
Temperate Grassland
 Moderate temperatures @15-25 C
Temperate Rain Forest
 High temperatures
@30 C
Tropical Dry Forest
Tropical Rain Forest
Tundra
Match the following Biome with its conditions
High temperatures in summer
1 Long Growing season
Consistent low rainfall
Low temperatures
2 Short Growing season
Low rainfall
Consistent high temperatures
Consistent high rainfall
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Long growing season
Poor Soil
Temperature fluctuation
Moderate, consistent rainfall
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Good soil from leaf decay
Moderate Growing season
Temperature fluctuation
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High, consistent rainfall
Moderate consistent temperatures
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High rainfall only during winter rainy season
Fluctuating temperatures
Moderate, seasonally fluctuating rainfall with periodic
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droughts and dry seasons.
Excellent Soil
Moderate, consistent temperatures
8 Moderate rainfall during winter
Long, dry summer
High, consistent temperatures
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Extremely high rainfall only in winter season
Cool, seasonal temperature fluctuation
Moderate rainfall
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Poor Soils
Short Growing Season