Download Light book student use

OPTICS: ____________________
(place title here)
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Name:________________________________
Date:
Hour:
What is light?
Visible Light is a type of __________________ radiation. Another name for radiation is ________.
Electromagnetic energy is carried in the form of a _________. These types of waves can travel
through a ___________. A vacuum is actually the absence of any __________ or medium. There are
several types of electromagnetic waves, in fact, a whole SPECTRUM of waves, but we are only able to
see a small fraction of these waves called ___________ light. Other types of electromagnetic
radiation are _____________________, ______________________, __________________,
__________________, and _____________________.
How does light travel?
What path does light take when it travels? Does it curve or zig-zag? NO, light travels in a
_______________ path. Here’s a quick activity to prove this.
1. Get a flashlight.
2. Find a darkened room
3. Shine the light at a wall.
4. Sprinkle a little baby powder over the light.
You should a beam of light that shows LIGHT TRAVELS IN A STRAIGHT LINE.
Light also travels very fast. In fact, you can think of light as being the ____________ of the universe.
Nothing travels faster than the speed of light in space. It travels at _________________m/s.
How is light produced?
Any light that you see is made up of a collection of one or more photons traveling through space as
electromagnetic waves. ______________ are given off by an atom when the atom’s _______ gain
energy. The electrons start to move around and change energy levels. When they move to a lower energy
level, they give off the extra energy in the form of _________
Objects that are able to produce their own light are called _______________
Here are some different ways light can be made by an object. _________________
________________ _____________________ and ____________________.
Colors of Light
How do we see different colors of
light?
Everything visible to your eye gives off light. Does this mean that all objects make their own light? NO.
If you shine a light at a quarter, the quarter is not a light source, it __________ some of the light and
____________ the rest of the light back to you.
White light is made of ______________________________________. Different colors are
produced by different ___________________ and ____________________. Red light has the
______________ wavelength and ____________ frequency. Red also has the lowest
_____________. Violet has the ____________ energy and the highest ______________.
When we see color from an object that doesn’t make its own light, it is because that color is reflected.
We see different colors when all the other colors are ________________ by an object and the color
we see is _______________ back to us.
We see a red object when the light shines on the object and it __________ all the colors, EXCEPT red.
The red is ___________.
If all of the colors of the rainbow are reflected, like light reflected from a mirror, we will see
____________light. Black is seen if all colors are ___________________ and no colors are
________________.
Let’s try it with this activity about colors.
ACTIVITY
You need:
A small toy motor
A paper disk the size of a CD
9V battery and wires
Markers
Procedure:
1. Use a ruler to divide the paper disk into 6 equal pie pieces.
2. Color each pie piece the color of the rainbow, in order.
3. Attach the disk to the shaft of the motor and attach the motor to the battery.
4. Observe what happens to the colors as the wheel spins.
What
happens?______________________________________________
_______
Laws of Light
Refraction:
Refraction is the ___________. When light travels from one type of medium into another, it changes
_________. The frequency of light stays the same but the ________ changes. This causes the light
to bend and change ___________. This phenomena is often seen as an illusion. If you place a pencil in a
cup of water so part of the pencil rests outside of the water, the pencil looks _____________ at the
surface of the water.
Refraction Activity:
Materials:
Penny
Bowl
Water
Place a penny in an opaque bowl. (One you can’t see through). Back away from the bowl until you can’t see
the penny anymore.
Have a partner pour water into the bowl and watch as the penny becomes visible.
Why can you see the penny after the water is poured in but not before?
Because________________________________________________________________________
__________________________-_.
Lenses:
The knowledge of refraction has been used to enhance our way of life. Science has discovered that by
bending the light in a specific manner, the light can magnify objects. This is the science behind
eyeglasses, ___________________, and some ______________. In fact, these are called
REFRACTING telescopes. Below is a ____ ____________ that shows how this works.
_______________Lens
__________________ Lens
Convex lenses are used in things like ___________ and ________________ to bring distant light rays
to a focus in your eyes
_________ lenses are used in things like ______________ to make light rays spread out into the
distance. In a flashlight, it's easier to do this job with a mirror, which usually weighs much less than a
lens.
Try this activity below to explore lenses
Activity:
Refraction
Materials
Convex lens
Concave lens
LED Flashlight or laser pen
White posterboard
In a dark room, shine the flashlight or pen through the convex lens to the posterboard. On a sheet of
paper, draw a diagram that shows how the light bends with a convex lens. Repeat the procedure for the
concave lens. Experiment with different lenses and combinations of lenses to see what happens to the
light.
You should have seen that
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Reflection:
When light comes in contact with an _____________object, light can be absorbed or reflected. When
light bounces off a surface it is called ____________. One of the laws of light is that when light hits a
smooth surface, the light will bounce back at the same angle as it hit the surface. The Light ray before
hitting the surface is called the _____________. The bouncing ray is called the ____________. The
law of reflection says that “________________________________________”
Reflection Activity:
Try this activity:
Materials:
3-4 plane mirrors
Laser light or LED light
Target on an index card
Procedure:
1. Place the target behind one of the mirrors.
2. Shine the light on another mirror.
3. Move the mirrors around to make the reflected light hit the target.
4. How many times can you reflect the light before it hits the target?
What is the best way to make this work? If you place the mirrors at
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Glossary
Absorb:
Concave:
Convex:
Diffraction:
Electromagnetic Waves:
Lens:
Mirror:
Opaque:
Photon:
Prism:
Reflection:
Refraction:
Translucent:
Transparent: