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Download Chinese Dynasty Overview
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Chinese Dynasty Overview Shang1700 BC to Qing 1911 AD • The Mandate of Heaven is what the Chinese people believed gave their rulers the right to be king or emperor. It meant that the gods had blessed that person with the right to rule. A ruler had to be a good ruler to keep the Mandate of Heaven. When a ruler or dynasty lost power, this meant that they must also have lost the Mandate of Heaven. Shang (1700 - 1027 BC) • • • • First recorded Dynasty Ruled by aristocracy First Chinese cities Developed writing, worked with bronze, created silk • Honored ancestors, used oracle bones • Shang tyrant emperor overthrown Zhou (1027 - 250 BC) • • • • Longest lasting Chinese Dynasty Built roads, expanded trade Taoism and Confucianism introduced Decline: Inefficient rulers can’t control fighting between states • Period of Warring States Qin (221 - 207 BC) • Adopted Legalism • Developed highly centralized government • Standardized currency, language, measurements, laws • Built first Great Wall Qin (221 - 207 BC) • Brutal ruler - executed dissenters, burned books • Many enemies, dynasty falls after his death Han (202 BC - 221 AD) • Legalism replaced by Confucianism • Silk Road developed, opens trade Han (202 BC - 221 AD) • Buddhism introduced, paper invented • Great increase in population, land holdings Decline • Nomadic raiders • Corruption, weak leaders • Collapse of government • Read page 633 – The End of the Dynasties • What did Great Britain and The Qing Dynasty fight over? • What country did The Qing Dynasty lose to Japan? 221 - 581 AD • Warlords control China Sui (581 - 618 AD) • Completed Grand Canal • High taxes, forced labor • Military failures • Assassination ends dynasty Tang (618 - 907 AD) • High point of Chinese culture • Rebuilt government • Invention of movable print, porcelain, gun powder Tang (618 - 907 AD) • Wu Zetian - Only Empress in Chinese history • Weak emperors, economic difficulties • Warlords take control 907 – 960 AD • No dynasty in power Song (969 - 1279 AD) • Large centralized government • Mercantile class grows, increased trade • Magnetic compass, growing sea power • Weak military Yuan (1279 - 1368 AD) • • • • • • Mongol Khubilai Khan conquers China Economic stability and prosperity China more open to trade and travel Ignored Chinese traditions Corruption weakens dynasty Peasant rebellion ends Yuan Ming (1368 - 1644 AD) • Tried to erase all signs of Mongols • Rebuilt and extended Great Wall • Built the Forbidden City • Collapsed after famines and riots Qing (1644 - 1911 AD) • Final Chinese Dynasty • Eventually weakened by European / American interventions
