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AP World History Period 3 Exam
600-1450
1. Before the fifteenth century which of the following
was found in the Western Hemisphere?
a. Tea
b. Rice
c. Potatoes
d. Lemons
e. Wheat
2. The Roman roads, the Incan roads, and the Persian
Royal Road all had which of the following in
common?
a. They had land and water route components.
b. They were designed by governments to move
troops and messengers quickly
c. They served primarily to connect the capital
city with major seaports
d. They were paved and wide enough for horsedrawn vehicles
e. They connected two empires to each other.
3. According to existing sources, which of the
following most accurately describes the process by
which Byzantine Christianity was introduced in
Russia during the tenth and eleventh centuries
C.E.?
a. It spread first among the poor and the slaves
and only later to the upper classes
b. It was forced on Russia by invading
conquerors.
c. It spread along trade routes from Roman
Catholic, Western Europe.
d. It was imposed only after the Russian
Christians were victorious in a civil war with
the Russian Muslims
e. It was chosen by the rulers of Kiev and
imposed on the people by mass baptisms
4. The dominant religion in North Africa is
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Buddhism
Christianity
Hinduism
Islam
Taoism
5. The Muslim calendar begins with the hijra of 622
C.E., when
a. Muhammad fled from Mecca to Medina
b. Muhammad died
c. Muhammad married Khadija
d. The Qur’an was written
e. The Ka’bah became a Muslim holy place
6. The map above shows the fourteenth-century
spread of which of the following?
a. Buddhism
b. Christian Crusades
c. Ibn Battuta’s voyage
d. The bubonic plague
e. Islam
7. Mesoamerican societies before European contact
most likely derived their calendars from the
a. Aztecs
b. Incas
c. Maya
d. Toltec
e. Olmec
8. Between the sixth and ninth centuries C.E., Japan
adopted many elements of Chinese culture
primarily because
a. China ruled Japan during this period
b. Large numbers of Chinese migrated to Japan
during this period
c. Japan’s population converted to
Confucianism
d. Japan’s rulers admired China’s technology
and political system
e. The ruling families of China and Japan
intermarried
9. In the period 1000 to 1500, the message of Islam
was taken to sub-Saharan Africa primarily by
means of
a. Conquest by Arab armies
b. Merchants and traders
c. Missionaries sent out from Mecca
d. Africans traveling to the Middle East to learn
about Islam
e. Muslims fleeing from Christian crusaders in
Spain and the Middle East
AP World History Period 3 Exam
600-1450
10. “All the beings who are plunged into the ocean of
existence, may I draw them out by virtue of this
good work. And may the kings of Cambodia who
come after me attain with their wives, dignitaries
and friends, the place of deliverance where there is
no more illness.”
Inscription of King Jayavarman VII at the Bayon
Temple at Angkor Wat, late 1100s C.E.
The inscription quoted above most clearly shows
the influence of
a. Animism
b. Mahayana Buddhism
c. Orthodox Christianity
d. Sunni Islam
e. Hinduism
13. In the ninth century C.E., the Abbasid caliphs
attempted to counterbalance the growing power
of provincial governors and local tribes by
a. Calling for a return to fundamental practices
of Islam
b. Creating corps of Turkish slave warriors
loyal to the caliph alone
c. Making a permanent peace with the
Byzantine emperor
d. Setting up assemblies of provincial governors
and local tribes by
e. Sponsoring the expansion of Islam eastward
into the Indian subcontinent
11. “The outcry and shouts of war broke forth, banners
were unfurled, and the big flutes, drums, and conch
shells resounded. … Truly the contest was terrible.
… Then the warriors performed their acts of magic.
Quickly the Quiches were defeated; they ceased to
fight and were dispersed, annihilated and dead.”
The quotation above challenges previously held
assumptions that the classical Maya
a. engaged in slash and burn agriculture
b. performed ritualistic sacrifices
c. did not play a variety of musical instruments
d. were a basically pacifistic people
e. did not practice magic
12. In the fifteenth century, the building of roads paved
with stone was most characteristic of which of the
following Amerindian societies?
a. Inca
b. Maya
c. Anasazi
d. Mississippian
e. Iroquois
14. The picture above shows which of the following
types of religious structures?
a. A Buddhist stupa
b. A Gothic cathedral
c. A Jewish synagogue
d. A Muslim mosque
e. A Shinto Shrine
15. In addition to their religious function, structures
such as the one shown above were often
economically important because they frequently
a. Served as storehouses for surplus food
b. Functioned as tax-collection points for the
national government
c. Were the only places where precious metals
could be deposited safely
d. Attracted large numbers of people traveling
on pilgrimages
e. Employed large numbers of people as guards.
AP World History Period 3 Exam
600-1450
16. Prior to the arrival of the Spanish, which of the
following indigenous groups controlled the largest
territory in the Americas?
a. Aztecs
b. Maya
c. Olmec
d. Zuni
e. Incas
17. In 1375 the rulers of which of the following were
Muslims?
a. Mali and Delhi
b. Portugal and France
c. Sicily and Sardinia
d. Japan and China
e. Kongo and Zimbabwe
20. Which of the following was the most important
factor in the military successes of Central Asian
nomads in the period 400 to 1400 C.E.?
a. The nomads’ religious fervor after converting
to monotheistic religions
b. The nomads’ large populations that enabled
them to outnumber any potential enemy
c. The nomads’ control of the major trade
routes in Eurasia
d. The nomads’ extensive systems of written
records that enabled them to tax subject
peoples efficiently
e. The nomads’ mastery of the techniques of
horse-mounted warfare
18. In the period from 900 C.E. to 1450 C.E. which of
the following is true of sub-Saharan Africa’s
commercial economy?
a. Egyptian merchants controlled most of the
long-distance trade of sub-Saharan Africa
b. Sub-Saharan Africa’s chief imports were
cowrie shells
c. Sub-Saharan Africa exported gold to the
Middle East and Europe
d. The Sahara Desert prevented sub-Saharan
traders from participating in long-distance
trade.
e. The Mali-Great Zimbabwe trade route
dominated the economy of sub-Saharan Africa
19. Which of the following is true of European
universities in the later Middle Ages?
a. They avoided teaching theology
b. They emphasized military subjects
c. They drew on Greek, Roman, and Arabic
learning
d. They were largely independent of the Roman
Catholic Church
e. They encouraged women to study
21. The design of this Viking ship enabled the
Vikings to
a. Circumnavigate the globe
b. Create a tributary empire along the western
European and North African coasts
c. Dominate transatlantic trade
d. Trade, raid, and explore from the Black Sea
to North America
e. Become the main supplier of spices to
Western Europe.
AP World History Period 3 Exam
600-1450
22. Emperors from such different places as Yuan China
and the Ottoman Empire employed foreigners in
administrative posts because they
a. Viewed their elite subjects as potential rivals
b. Needed means of holding important foreigners
as hostages
c. Needed the language abilities of foreigners,
most of whom they sent to administer the
farthest provinces of ethnically diverse
populations
d. Were afraid that their own people did not have
enough education or experience to administer
vast empires
e. Regarded foreigners as culturally superior
23. What do gunpowder, lateen sails, magnetic
compasses, and silk production all have in
common?
a. They all originated in Han Dynasty China
b. Their invention required a highly educated
population
c. They all reached western Europe through
contact with the Islamic world
d. Their production and use were all considered to
be part of “women’s work”
e. They all were originally developed in the
Indian Ocean region
24. Which of the following is true of Chinese oceanic
26. Which of the following marked the end of the
Abbasid Caliphate?
a. The fall of Baghdad to the Mongols
b. The establishment of the Umayyad Caliphate
at Damascus
c. The rise of an independent dynasty in Tunisia
d. The success of the last Christian Crusade
e. The defeat of the last Islamic state in Spain
27. Islamic and Chinese empires in the post classical
period (700 C.E.-1200 C.E.) shared which of the
following?
a. An imperial bureaucracy based on an
examination system
b. The abolition of slavery
c. Battles over control of religious sites
d. Extensive urbanization and maritime trade
e. Strict monogamy for uncontested succession
28. Prior to European settlements, all of the
following were characteristic of the Native
American groups in the Great Lakes region of
North America EXCEPT
a. Matrilineal landholding
b. Unstable territorial boundaries
c. Long-distance trade
d. Iron Weapons
e. Shamanism
voyaging during the 1400s C.E.?
a. It was not very extensive.
b. It was undertaken with the intention to conquer
parts of India
c. It reached as far as the East African coast
d. It was undertaken solely for trading purposes
e. It extended into the Americas
25. During the thirteenth century, overland long
distance trade in Eurasia increased primarily
because
a. Improvements in wheeled carts made
transporting goods easier
b. Mongol rulers adapted the same paper currency
to be used in all four khanates
c. Wealthy Byzantine merchants were fleeing
from approaching Turkish armies and bringing
their goods and expertise with them
d. Mongol conquests tended to secure trade routes
and ensure the safety of merchants
e. The bubonic plague forced tens of thousands of
people to flee their homes across Eurasia
29. The graph above shows which of the following?
a. The fall of the Roman Empire on population
growth
b. The Agricultural Revolution on food supplies
c. The effect of the Plague on the populations
of Asia and Europe
d. The fall of the Byzantine Empire on
population growth
e. The European discovery of the Americas on
food production
AP World History Period 3 Exam
600-1450
30. Which of the following most accurately describes
the political structure of the Maya from 600 C.E. to
900 C.E.?
a. Numerous independent warring states
b. A highly centralized, aggressively expansionist
empire
c. Several weak vassal kingdoms under Aztec
domination
d. Numerous small coastal villages dependent
upon maritime trade
e. Sparsely populated religious administrative
centers
34. After the sixth century C.E. Byzantine emperors
maintained political unity primarily by
a. Easing control of the Mediterranean
provinces
b. Making dynastic marriages and diplomatic
alliances
c. Hiring mercenary Christian armies to fight
invaders from East Asia
d. Applying greater pressure on Muslim Africa
e. Sharing political power with the large
merchant class.
35. Which of the following helps explain the location
31. The adoption of Neo-Confucianism by the Ming
dynasty during the fourteenth century was
primarily motivated by the
a. Rejection of traditional Chinese thinkers
b. Need for competent government administrators
c. Desire to continue Mongol practices in China
d. Arrival of Jesuit missionaries in China
e. Goal of becoming a sea based empire
32. The Byzantine Empire achieved which of the
following?
a. The introduction of Benedictine monasticism to
Ireland
b. The unification of Christians under the pope of
Rome
c. The conversion of many Slavic peoples to
Christianity
d. The conquest of both Nubia and Ethiopia
e. The legal toleration of religious minorities
33. Which of the following is the most important effect
of Islamic expansion on the civilization of
medieval Europe?
a. The influence of Indian architecture on Gothic
cathedrals
b. The development of theocracies in the Holy
Roman Empire
c. The conversion of large areas of Southern Italy
to Islam
d. The transmittal of Greek and Arab learning
e. The promotion of religious reform movements
in the Catholic Church
and architecture of buildings in major Mayan
cities such as Tikal?
a. Astronomical considerations and
observations
b. Avoidance of swampy and uneven land
c. Protection from surrounding invaders
d. The dense tropical jungles and rainforests
e. Extensive coastal trade
36. Which of the following is a similarity between
the Incan and Aztec Empires?
a. Both destroyed the cultural traditions of
previous civilizations they conquered
b. Both used innovative techniques to
dramatically increase agricultural production
c. Both held merchants as the second highest
class, just below priests
d. Both used their political dominance to
suppress the existing religious practices of
conquered peoples.
e. Both descended from the Maya peoples.
AP World History Period 3 Exam
600-1450
40. The tenth century structure in Cordoba, Spain,
37. The building shown above is an example of
a. The integration of Roman & Muslim styles
b. Military defense efforts in the Middle East
c. The diverse architecture of fifteenth-century
North America
d. The polytheistic activity of Bedouin societies
e. Islamic adaptation to local culture and
conditions
38. A key similarity between western European and
West African leaders in the period 1000-1450 was
their
a. Adoption of scholarship from Muslim
civilizations
b. Desire to abolish the slave trade
c. Growing awareness of Chinese technologies
d. Dependence on women to organize longdistance trade
e. Reliance on examination systems to choose
advisors
39. Which of the following best describes Middle
Eastern trade in the period 1000 to 1450?
a. A unified Islamic Empire eliminated all
internal tariffs and encouraged trade
b. The area ceased trading with Europe but
continued trading with sub-Saharan Africa
c. The Ottoman Empire drained the resources of
the area in the Empire’s war with India
d. The Byzantine and Russian Empire controlled
trade in the area
e. The area was engaged in regular trade with
China, India, and sub-Saharan Africa
shown above, exemplifies the
a. Adoption of Gothic engineering techniques
b. Islamic architectural styles
c. Influence of Christian religious painting
d. Influence of Chinese art
e. Incorporation of art and architecture of the
Aztecs
41. In the period of 1000 to 1450, which of the
following developments partially resulted from
knowledge of Greek science and technology?
a. Japanese temple design in Kyoto
b. Christian theology in the Roman Empire
c. Islamic medical books in Baghdad
d. Mongol military tactics in Central Asia
e. Inca bridge design in the Andes
42. Which of the following did the Mongol armies
fail to conquer, and why?
a. Kievan Russia, because the Mongols were
unable to endure the harsh Russian winters.
b. The Abbasid Caliphate, because the
defenders flooded the Mesopotamian plains
and made them impassable for the Mongol
cavalry
c. Central Asia, because of the effective
diplomacy of Timur and his successors
d. The Southern Song Empire, because of its
superior resources from earlier industrial and
commercial revolutions
e. Japan, because severe storms aided the
experienced Japanese naval forces
AP World History Period 3 Exam
600-1450
47. Which of the following statements most
43. The map above shows which of the following
empires at its greatest extent?
a. The empire of Alexander the Great
b. The Mongol Empire
c. The Russian Empire
d. The Byzantine Empire
e. The Ottoman Empire
44. In the fourteenth century, merchants from China,
Arabia, Persia, and Egypt were drawn to Calicut,
India primarily to purchase
a. Iron
b. Sugar
c. Ivory
d. Tobacco
e. Pepper
45. Which of the following lived about one thousand
years after the other four?
a. Socrates
b. Confucius
c. Muhammad
d. Laozi (Lao-tzu)
e. Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha)
46. Renaissance Italy and the Islamic Middle East after
the decline of the Abbasid Empire in the mid-tenth
century are important examples of which of the
following?
a. Political fragmentation and cultural creativity
b. Political unity and cultural creativity
c. Political unity and the decline of religion
d. Political fragmentation and the decline of
religion
e. Political unity and the rise of secularism
accurately reflects a major difference between
Arab expansion in the seventh century and
Viking expansion in the ninth century?
a. Arab expansion relied most heavily on
diplomacy, while Viking expansion relied
most heavily on military might
b. Viking expansion tended to occur in areas
with few large urban centers, while the Arab
expansion occurred in areas with
comparatively large urban centers
c. Arab expansion was financed by religious
tithing, while Viking expansion was financed
by profit from the silk trade
d. Viking expansion was limited to Ireland,
Scotland, Iceland, and Greenland, while Arab
expansion was limited to the Arabian
Peninsula and Persia
e. Arab expansion relied heavily on the
technology of the cannon, while Viking
expansion relied heavily on dragon boats
48. In the 9th century the Tang Dynasty was
weakened by considerable conflict between
a. Buddhism and Shintoism
b. Shintoism and Hinduism
c. Confucianism and Hinduism
d. Buddhism and Confucianism
e. Buddhism and Hinduism
49. “It is the imminent peril threatening you and all
the faithful, which had brought us hither. From
the confines of Jerusalem and the city of
Constantinople a horrible tale had gone forth …”
The above quote describes which of the
following events?
a. The creation of the Eastern Roman Empire
b. The establishment of the Abbasid Dynasty
c. The invasion of Europe by the Huns
d. The capture of the Holy Lands by the Seljuk
Turks
e. The invasion of the Middle East by the
Mongols
AP World History Period 3 Exam
600-1450
50. Which of the following most eased population
th
pressure in Europe in the 14 century?
a. Improved agricultural techniques
b. Deaths caused by Mongol invasions
c. Deforestation
d. Migration to the Holy Land
e. The Black Death
51. “Their hulls were made of teak planks that were
sewn together with cord made of coconut husks,
and they were equipped with lateen sails that could
be turned to catch the wind. Their pilots navigated
by the stars at night and took advantage of
monsoon winds to blow them to their ports.”
The vessel referred to in the quote above is a
a. caravel
b. dhow
c. junk
d. canoe
e. trireme
52. The type of wall decoration illustrated above would
most commonly be found in a
a. Stupa
b. Mosque
c. Cathedral
d. Temple
e. Marketplace
53. In the period between 500 and 1000 C.E., all of
the following statements accurately compare the
eastern and western parts of what had been the
Roman Empire EXCEPT
a. Christians in both areas were largely under
the control of the Pope
b. In general the civilizations of the east were
more advanced economically and culturally
than were those of the west
c. The east kept more aspects of the old Roman
civilization intact than did the west.
d. Civilizations in the east generally were more
directly involved in world trade routes
e. Political organizations in the west were
generally more fragmented than they were in
the east
54. Which of the following is an accurate
comparison of the political systems in Western
Europe and China during the time period 10001300?
a. Western Europe developed multiple
monarchies while China maintained a single
empire
b. Both Societies became increasingly
fragmented
c. Both societies began a policy of imperialism
and territorial expansion
d. China’s legal system emphasized individual
rights, while Europe’s focused on maritime
law
e. Europe underwent a period of religious
fractionalization while China became unified
under Hinduism