Download Unit 1 Foundations: 8,000 BCE – 600 BCE Review Material Key

Unit 1 Foundations: 8,000 BCE – 600 BCE Review Material
Key Concept 1.1: Big Geography and the Peopling of the Earth
1. Trace the migratory patterns of human beings out of Africa and into the other habitable continents of
the world: Europe, Asia, Australia, and the Americas.
2. Analyze reasons why human societies were capable of migration and settlement in numerous climates
and environments.
3. Describe the characteristics of foraging societies:
Key Concept 2.2: The Neolithic Revolution and Early Agricultural Societies
1. Describe characteristics of following:
a. Agricultural societies:
b. Pastoral societies:
2. Describe the impact of agriculture (Neolithic Transition):
a. Social:
b. Economic:
c. Technological:
d. Environmental:
3. Define patriarchal society and describe aspects of patriarchal societies:
a. Definition:
b. Aspects of patriarchal societies:
4. List seven reasons why patriarchal societies may have been established.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Key Concept 1.3: The Development and Interactions of Early Agricultural, Pastoral, and Urban
Societies
1. Features of early civilizations (culture includes intellectual & technological):
Culture
a. Mesopotamia
b. Egypt
c. Indus River Valley
(Mohenjo-Daro & Harappa)
State
Social Structure
d. Shang China
e. Olmecs &Maya (Mesoamerica)
2. Describe the impact of the development of bronze and iron on societies.
3. Provide examples of monumental architecture, urban planning, and infrastructure of the first
civilizations.
4. Provide examples of writing and record-keeping in the first civilizations.
5. Analyze the impact that codes of law, like Hammurabi’s Code of Law, had on social and political
developments in the first civilizations.
6. Analyze the major characteristics of the following religious developments of the first civilizations:
A. Vedic Religion (India, pre-Hinduism and pre-Buddhism):
B. Judaism:
C. Zoroastrianism:
7. Analyze the nature of interaction and exchange for the following regions:
A. Between Egypt and Nubia:
B. Between Mesopotamia and the Indus Valley
8. Provide examples of literature reflecting culture and society of the first civilizations, and give a brief
summary of each.
Unit 2 The Classical Period: 600 BCE – 600 CE Review Material
Key Concept 2.1: The development and codification of religious and cultural traditions
1. Identify and give the basic features (think DREASE) of six major religions/ideologies up to 600 CE.
A. Judaism:
B. Hinduism:
C. Buddhism:
D. Confucianism:
E. Daoism:
F. Christianity:
2. Identify and describe other religious developments and traditions that endured throughout the Classical
Era:
A. Shamanism:
B. Animism:
C. Ancestor Veneration:
3. Provide examples of literature and architecture of the Classical civilizations.
4. Describe the approaches to each of the following Greek philosophers/philosophies:
a. Socrates:
b. Plato:
c. Aristotle:
d. Stoicism:
e. Epicureanism:
5. Compare the role of women in major belief systems during the Classical Period.
Key Concept 2.2: The Development of States and Empires in the Classical Period
1. Features of classical civilizations (culture includes intellectual & technological):
Culture
A. Maurya/Gupta India
B. Imperial Rome
C. Classical/Hellenistic Greece
D. Qin/Han China
E. Persia
F. Mesoamerica (Maya)
State
Social Structure
2. Define methods of political control and administration of Classical Empires and provide examples.
A. Centralized government:
B. Legal systems and codes of law:
C: Bureaucracy:
D. Infrastructure:
3. Describe processes of how Classical empires benefited economically, and provide specific examples.
A. Tax and Tribute:
B. Labor Systems:
C. Trade and Commerce:
4. Compare systems of social hierarchy in classical societies.
A. China:
B. India:
C. Hinduism and Confucianism’s impact on establishing social hierarchies
D. Greco-Roman Empire:
5. Analyze the decline/fall of the following classical empires:
a. Western Roman Empire
b. Han China
c. Gupta India
d. Persia
6. Contrast the severity of the collapse of the Western Roman Empire with that of Han China and the
Eastern Roman Empire (which was spared in the classical era).
Key Concept 2.3: Emergence of trans-regional networks of communication and exchange in the
Classical Period
1. List several processes (how) and reasons (why) classical societies interacted with each other up to 600
CE.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
2. Describe each of the following trade networks of the Classical Period:
A. Silk Roads:
B. Trans-Sahara Routes:
C. Indian Ocean:
D. Mediterranean Sea:
3. Identify new technologies and domesticated animals that enabled the transport of goods and people
across the above-mentioned routes.
4. Describe the major patterns of diffusion (where they started; where they went; how they got there) and
the appeal (why they went) of the following major religions up to 600 CE:
A. Buddhism:
B. Christianity:
C. Hinduism:
6. Identify crops and goods that were exchanged along the major trade routes of the Classical Era.
Unit 3 The Post-Classical Period: 600 BCE – 600 CE Review Material
Key Concept 3.1: Regional and Trans-regional Interactions
1. Identify several cities (urban centers) of the post-classical period:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
2. Identify major luxury goods that were exchanged in the Eastern Hemisphere during the post-classical
period:
3. Identify new methods of financial practices (e.g. banking, credit, paper money, etc.) practiced by
Eastern Hemispheric societies:
4. Identify the Hanseatic League and describe its role in trans-regional exchanges during the post-classical
period.
5. Re-identify the four major Eastern Hemispheric trade networks of the post-classical period.
1.
2.
3.
4.
6. Analyze the role that empires played in facilitating trans-Eurasian trade during the post-classical period.
A. Tang China’s role:
B. Byzantine Empire’s role:
C. The Arab-Muslim empires’ roles (Umayyad and Abbasid caliphates):
D. The Mongolian Empire
7. Analyze aspects of the following post-classical nomadic groups:
a. Mongolian
i. Patterns of settlement (where they went, how they got there):
ii. Impact of conquest/settlement:
b. Turkish
i. Patterns of settlement (where they went, how they got there):
ii. Impact of conquest/settlement:
c. Viking
i. Patterns of settlement (where they went, how they got there):
ii. Impact of conquest/settlement:
d. Arab
i. Patterns of settlement (where they went, how they got there):
ii. Impact of conquest/settlement:
e. Bantu Peoples
i. Patterns of settlement (where they went, how they got there):
ii. Impact of conquest/settlement:
f. Polynesian Peoples
i. Patterns of settlement (where they went, how they got there):
ii. Impact of conquest/settlement:
8. Describe the spread of the following languages during the Post-Classical period:
A. Swahili:
B. Turkic:
C. Arabic:
9. Identify the following inter-regional travelers of the post-classical period, and describe the knowledge
they gained on foreign lands:
A. Marco Polo:
B. Ibn Battuta:
10. Analyze the spread of the following beliefs during the Post-Classical Period.
A. Neoconfucianism throughout East Asia:
B. Buddhism to East Asia:
C. Islam to Sub-Sahara Africa:
D. Hinduism and Buddhism to Southeast Asia:
11. Describe the impact of bubonic plague on 14th century societies:
a. Demographic impact on:
i. China:
ii. Middle East:
iii. Europe:
b. Religious impact on:
i. Middle East:
ii. Europe:
c. Economic impact on:
i. China:
ii. Middle East:
iii. Europe:
Key Concept 3.2: Continuity and innovation of state forms and their interactions
1. Analyze the building and maintenance of the following empires:
A. Byzantine Empire:
B. China (Sui, Tang, Song):
C. Arab-Muslim (Abbasid):
D. Mongolian Empire:
E. Malian Empire
2. Analyze the influence Chinese culture had on the following regions:
i. Central Asia:
ii. Southeast Asia (e.g. Vietnam):
iii. Korea:
iv. Japan:
3. Analyze the following aspects of the Crusading movement:
a. Motivations for the Crusades:
b. Goal of the Crusades:
c. General outcome of the Crusades:
d. Political, cultural, and economic effects of the Crusades:
4. Describe the political structure of the following city-states from the post-classical period:
A. Venice:
B. Mogadishu:
C. Teotihuacán:
D. Melaka:
Key Concept 3.3: Increased economic productive capacity and its consequences
1. Identify factors that led to urban decline throughout the Post-Classical period.
2. Identify factors that led to urban revival in the late Post-Classical period.
3. Describe the following methods and techniques of agricultural production from the Post-Classical
period.
A. Fast-ripening rice:
B. Manorial system:
C. Terracing:
D. Crop rotation:
4. Identify factors for patriarchy to remain in many Post-Classical societies (e.g. China, Islamic societies,
India, and Europe).
5. Describe and provide specific examples for the following forms of labor from Post-Classical societies:
A. Free Peasantry:
B. Nomadic pastoralism:
C. Craft production and guild organization:
D. Serfdom:
E. Slavery:
F. Tributary labor:
Unit 4 1450 CE – 1750 CE Review Material
Key Concept 4.1: Globalizing networks of communication and exchange
1. Describe the developments of the following new trade patterns of the early modern period:
a. Indian Ocean Trade:
i. Who began to control the trade?
ii. Who lost control of the trade?
iii. What items were traded?
b. Trans-Atlantic Trade:
i. Who began to control the trade?
ii. What items were traded?
c. Trans-Pacific Trade:
i. Who began to control the trade?
ii. What items were traded?
2. Identify several new technologies and knowledge of the Age of Exploration:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
3. Describe trans-oceanic, maritime reconnaissance of the early modern period.
A. Zheng He’s voyages:
B. Bartholomew Dias’ voyages:
C. Christopher Columbus’ voyages:
D. Vidus Bering’s voyages:
E. James Cook’s voyages:
4. Describe the Columbian Exchange.
a. What diseases spread?
b. Impact on Native American population?
d. What goods and commodities (crops, animals, resources, etc. spread?
e. Impact on world population?
f. What technologies (weaponry, etc.) and ideas (religions, languages, etc.) spread?
5. Identify the following new religious developments of the early modern period:
a. Vodun:
b. Zen Buddhism:
c. Sikhism:
d. Protestant Reformation (e.g. Lutheranism, Calvinism, Anglicanism):
6. Analyze European exploration and expansion in the following manners:
a. Motivations for European exploration and expansion (why?):
b. Processes of European exploration and expansion (how?):
c. Impact of European exploration and expansion:
i. On Native America(ns):
ii. On Africa(ns):
iii. On Europe(ans):
6. Describe the following cultural and intellectual developments of the early modern period:
a. Italian Renaissance:
b. Ming (Chinese Renaissance):
c. Scientific Revolution:
d. Enlightenment:
Key Concept 4.2: New forms of social organization and modes of production
1. Describe labor sources that intensified during the early modern period:
A. Free Peasantry (identify location also):
B. Chattel slavery:
C. Indentured servitude:
D. Encomienda:
2. Analyze aspects of African slavery in the early modern period:
a. Why African slavery?
b. The process - How were Africans enslaved?
c. Multi-regional impact of African slavery on:
i. Africa:
ii. The Americas and Caribbean:
3. Describe new political/economic elite groups established during the early modern period:
A. The Manchu:
B. Creoles:
C. Urban entrepreneurs:
4. Describe the demographic (population, race, hierarchy, patriarchy, etc.) changes that occur in Latin
America due to colonization.
Key Concept 4.3: State consolidation and imperial expansion
1. Analyze the process of empire building and maintenance of the following early modern empires:
a. Spain:
b. England:
c. France:
d. Russia:
e. Portugal:
f. Ming/Qing China:
g. Tokugawa Japan:
h. Songhai:
i. Ottoman Empire:
j. Dutch Netherlands:
Unit 5 1750 CE – 1900 CE Review Material
Key Concept 5.1: Industrialization and global capitalism
1. Analyze factors leading to the rise of industrial production.
2. Analyze the SPRITE of societies that industrialized in the modern period.
Social:
Political:
Religious:
Intellectual:
Technological:
Economic:
2. In what ways did global commerce and exchange change in the modern age up to 1900?
a. Transportation, infrastructure, and communication?
b. New and old goods, crops, resources?
c. What peoples are controlling trade?
d. New markets opened up?
e. Financial instruments?
3. Describe the following alternative visions (alternatives to capitalism) of industrial society:
a. Utopian socialism:
b. Marxism:
c. Anarchism:
4. Describe the following state-sponsored forms of industrialization:
a. Meiji reforms of Japan:
b. Witte system of Tsarist Russia:
c. Self-Strengthening movement of China:
5. Describe the following demographic changes to industrializing societies in the modern age.
a. Demographic transition:
b. Fertility and mortality rates:
c. Urbanization:
d. Proletarian families v. Bourgeois families:
e. Role of women and children:
Key Concept 5.2: Imperialism and nation-state formation
1. Describe the increased empire-building and imperialism that took place in the Eastern Hemisphere by
the following European nations:
a. Britain:
b. France:
c. Germany:
d. Dutch:
2. Describe the increased empire-building and imperialism of the following nations:
a. Japan:
b. United States:
c. Russia:
3. Describe the following aspects of Western Imperialism (dominance of Western civilizations) up to
1914:
a. Motivations for Western Imperialism (why?):
b. Processes of Western Imperialism (how?):
c. Reactions by colonial peoples toward Europeans (give examples):
d. Multi-regional Effects of Imperialism:
i. China
ii. Japan
iii. Sub-Sahara Africa
iv. India
v. Native America
4. Define Social Darwinism.
Key Concept 5.3: Imperialism and nation-state formation
1. Identify and define major Enlightenment ideologies that challenged traditional religious, social, and
political systems.
2. Analyze motivations and impact of the following independence movements:
a. American Revolution
b. Haitian Revolt
c. Latin America (e.g. Mexico, Grand Colombia, Brazil)
3. Describe the following anti-colonial movements of the Age of Imperialism:
a. Indian (Sepoy) Revolt of 1857:
b. Taiping Rebellion:
c. Boxer Rebellion:
4. Describe the following reforms in imperial policies:
a. Tanzimat Reforms:
b. Hundred Days Reforms and Self-Strengthening Movement:
5. Analyze motivations and impact of the French Revolution, 1789:
6. Describe the following forms of nationalism and give examples of nations up to 1914:
a. Separation Nationalism:
b. State-Building Nationalism:
c. Unification Nationalism:
8. Describe the limitations of democracy in the following aspects:
a. Women
b. Racism
c. Wealth
9. Describe how the following societies attempted to reform and modernize their societies up to 1900:
a. Ottoman Empire:
b. Russian Empire:
c. Qing Chinese Empire:
d. Japanese Empire:
Key Concept 5.4: Global migration
1. Analyze motivations for peoples to migrate between 1750 and 1900.
2. Identify locations where many migrants settled.
3. Analyze the various sources of labor migrations that took place up to 1900.
4. Describe the development of new ethnic enclaves in locations where migrants settled.
5. Identify and describe policies that were enacted that sought to regulate immigration.
Unit 6 1900 CE – Present Review Material
Key Concept 6.1: Science and the Environment
1. Identify and describe the Green Revolution of the 20th century.
2. Identify new scientific paradigms and medical innovations of the 20th century.
3. Analyze the consequences of intensified human exploitation of the environment in the 20th and 21st
centuries.
4. Identify and describe new disease patterns of the 20th and 21st centuries.
A. Diseases associated with poverty:
B. Emergent epidemic diseases:
C. Diseases associated with changing lifestyles:
Key Concept 6.2: Global conflicts and their consequences
1. Analyze the following aspects of World War I:
a. Long and short-term causes:
b. Role of colonies and colonial soldiers:
c. Commitment of genocide:
d. Outcomes:
e. Multi-regional effects:
i. Western Europe:
ii. Eastern Europe:
iii. Middle East:
iv. East Asia:
v. South Asia:
vi. Africa:
2. Analyze the following aspects of World War II:
a. Long and short-term causes:
b. Role of colonies and colonial soldiers:
c. Commitment of genocide:
d. Outcomes:
e. Multi-regional effects:
i. Western Europe:
ii. Eastern Europe:
iii. Middle East:
iv. East Asia:
v. South Asia:
vi. Africa:
3. Describe the following forms and movements of nationalism of the 20th century and provide examples:
a. State-building
i. Fascism:
ii. Nazism:
b. Unification
i. Zionism (Israel)
c. Decolonization (violent):
i. Algeria:
ii. Vietnam:
d. Decolonization (negotiated):
i. India
4. Describe the following examples of ethnic conflicts from the 20th century.
A. Armenian Genocide:
B. Holocaust:
C. Cambodian Genocide:
D. Rwandan Genocide:
5. Analyze the following aspects of the Cold War:
a. The goals and developments of the United States:
b. The goals and developments of the Soviets:
c. Points of interaction between Americans and Soviets:
i. Berlin Airlift:
ii. Cuban Missile Crisis:
iii. Space and Arms Race:
iv. Détente:
d. Challenges to Soviet dominance:
i. Yugoslavia, 1948
ii. Hungarian Revolution, 1956
iii. Prague Spring, 1968
iv. Afghanistan, 1979-1989
e. Challenges to American dominance:
i. China, 1948
ii. North Korea, 1953
iii. Cuba, 1959-1962
iv. Vietnam, 1964-1975
f. End of the Cold War:
i. Failure of communism in Eastern Europe:
ii. Failure of communism in Russia:
iii. Changes to communism in China:
Analyze the motivations and outcomes of the following revolutions of the 20th century:
A. Russian Revolution, 1917
B. Chinese Communist Revolution, 1948
C. Iranian Revolution, 1979
Key Concept 6.3: New conceptualizations of global economy, society, and culture
1. List causes and effects of the Global Great Depression of the Interwar Period:
a. Causes:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
b. Effects:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
2. Identify the “Little Tigers’ of the Pacific Rim and describe their economic development.
3. Analyze the purpose of the following economic and political international organizations of the
twentieth century:
a. League of Nations:
b. United Nations:
c. World Trade Organization:
d. World Health Organization:
e. Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)
f. North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
g. North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)
h. Warsaw Pact
i. Non-Aligned Movement
4. Define multinational corporations, and explain their economic impacts.
5. Describe the following forces of revolution from the 20th century:
a. Feminism:
b. Civil Rights:
c. Religious fundamentalism (especially Islam):
d. Marxism/Socialism:
e. Anti-Westernization and Anti-Globalization:
6. Describe the following national economic movements practiced in communist nations:
A. Soviet Union’s Five Years Plan:
B. China’s Great Leap Forward:
7. Analyze the following aspects of Globalization:
a. Describe the social and economic effects of the globalization of economies:
b. Describe the environmental effects of Globalization:
c. Describe reactions toward Globalization and give examples:
d. Define Americanization and explain why it has been successful in the global economy:
8. Analyze the following demographic changes in the 20th century:
a. New Patterns of Migration:
b. Population trends:
c. Mortality and Fertility rates:
Biographical Comparisons: Determine what each pair of characteristics had in common.
1. Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini
19. Herbert Spencer and Karl Marx
2. Akbar the Great and Elizabeth I
20. Martin Luther King and Mohandas
3. Camillio Cavour and Otto Von Bismarck
Gandhi
4. Justinian and Charlemagne
21. Juan Peron and Lazaro Cardenas
5. Tiberius Grachus and Wang Mang
22. Louis XIV and Tsar Peter the Great
6. Christopher Columbus and Zheng-He
23. Louis XVI and Tsar Nicholas II
7. Asoka and Constantine
24. Napoleon and George Washington
8. Confucius and Plato
25. Mustafa Kemal and Shah Pahlavi
9. Deng Xiaoping and Mikhail Gorbachev
26. Karl Marx and Adam Smith
10. Empress Dowager Cixi and Tsar
27. Han Wudi and Augustus Caesar
Nicholas II
28. Qin Shi Huangdi and Philip of Macedon
11. Meiji and Tsar Alexander II
29. Alexander the Great and Darius
12. Mao Zedong and Joseph Stalin
30. Cyrus the Great and Genghis Khan
13. Fidel Castro and Vladimir Lenin
31. Osman Bey and Babur I
14. George Washington and Simon Bolivar
32. Saladin and Mahmud of Ghazni
15. Napoleon and Toussaint L’ouverture
33. Atahualpa and Montezuma
16. Harsha and Charlemagne
34. Suleiman the Magnificent and Peter the
17. Ibn Battuta and Marco Polo
Great
18. Ho Chi Minh and Fidel Castro
Isms of World History: Give a description of each Ism.
1. Capitalism
11. Nationalism
2. Communism
12. Radicalism
3. Conservatism
13. Rationalism
4. Deism
14. Schism
5. Humanism
15. Secularism
6. Imperialism
16. Social Darwinism
7. Liberalism
17. Socialism
8. Marxism
18. Stoicism
9. Mercantilism
19. Totalitarianism
10. Militarism