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SCHEME OF WORK – PHYSICS 960, UPPER SIX 2013 Term2 Week/ [Date] 1,2 [2/19/1] Topic E.ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM 12. Electrostatics 12.1 Coulomb’s law 12.2 Electric field 12.3 Gauss’s law 12.4 Electrical potential Objectives Candidates should be able to a. state Coulomb’s law and use the formula F Qq 4 0 r 2 b. understand electric field as an example of an inverse square field like the gravitational field c. define the electric field strength, E = F/q d. describe quantitatively the motion of charges in a uniform electric field e. state and use Gauss’s law f. show the equivalence between Gauss’s law and Coulomb’s law g. use the relationship E = Skills Activities Values a. State a law b. Write and use equations to solve numerical problems c. Define terms d. Analyze quantitatively e. Discuss the relationship between two quantities a. Discussion b. Problem-solving c. Group work to answer questions about the terms, principles, concepts and equations learnt d. Presentation of product of group work e. Summary of important points Lateral thinking Appreciation of scientific discoveries ICT a. Define terms b. Derive/write and use formulae c. Analyze quantitatively d. Sketch and interpret graphs. e. Explain qualitatively a. Discussion b. Problem-solving c. Group work to answer questions about the terms, principles, concepts and equations learnt d. Presentation of product Creative thinking Textbook Appreciation of scientific contributions Whiteboard and marker Creative thinking Audio-visual Aids Textbook Whiteboard and marker dV dr h. define electrical potential and use the formula V Q 40 r 2 i. understand the relationship between electrical potential and potential energy 2,3 [10/1 – 18/1] 13. Capacitors 13.1 Capacitance 13.2 Parallel plate capacitor 13.3 Uniform field between parallel plates 13.4 Capacitors in Candidates should be able to a. define capacitance and use the formula C Q V b. describe qualitatively the mechanism of charging a parallel plate capacitor D.C. source, switch, milliammeter, series and in parallel 13.5 Energy stored in a charged capacitor 13.6 Charging and discharging 13.7 Dielectrics c. derive and use the formula C U= 14. Electric current 14.1 Conduction of electricity 14.2 Drift velocity 14.3 Current density 14.4 Electrical conductivity 14.5 Resistivity d of group work e. Summary of important points f. Experiment to determine the capacitance of a combination of capacitors and its time constant for parallel plate capacitors d. derive and use the formula for effective capacitance of capacitors in series and in parallel e. use the formulae U = 4 [21/1 – 25/1] A 2 1 1 Q QV, U = , 2 2 C stopwatch, resistors, connecting wires with crocodile clips at one end, capacitors ICT 1 2 CV 2 f. describe qualitatively the charging and discharging of a capacitor through a resistor g. understand lightning as an example of discharging h. describe qualitatively the action of a dielectric in a parallel plate capacitor Candidates should be able to a. understand electric current as a flow of charged particles and use the equation I = dQ/ dt b. explain qualitatively the mechanism of conduction of electricity in metals and semiconductors c. understand the concept of drift velocity d. derive and use the equation I = Anev e. know the typical orders of magnitude of drift velocity of charged carriers in semiconductors and metals f. define electric current density and conductivity g. understand and use the relationship J = E h. derive and use the equation i. define resistivity, RA l ne 2 t m a. Describe phenomena b. Derive equations and use them to solve problems. c. Define terms d. Compare two laws e. Discuss the advantages of superconductors a. Discussion b. Problem-solving c. Group work to answer questions about the terms, principles, concepts and equations learnt d. Presentation of product of group work e. Summary of important points f. Experiment to verify Ohm’s Law. Creative thinking Textbook Analytical thinking Whiteboard and marker D.C. source, carbon resistor, ammeter, voltmeter, rheostat, switch, connecting wires, block connectors, screw driver ICT j. show the equivalence between Ohm’s law and the relationship J = E k. understand the dependence of resistance on temperature for metals and semiconductors ne 2 t by using the equation m l. know the phenomenon of superconductivity m. use the equations of energy and electrical power 5 6,7 [4/2 – 15/2] USBF 1 (30/1/13-1/2/13) 15. Direct current circuits 15.1 Internal resistance of sources 15.2 Kirchhoff’s law 15.3 Potential divider 15.4 Potentiometer and Wheatstone bridge Candidates should be able to a. understand emf and electrical potential difference b. know that the sources of emf have internal resistance understand the effect on external circuits c. draw and interpret electric circuit diagrams d. understand and use Kirchoff’s law e. understand how to use a potential divider f. understand the working principles of a potentiometer and its use g. understand that working principles of a Wheatstone bridge and its use h. understand the use of shunts and multipliers a. Explain terms b. Distinguish between two terms c. Explain phenomena d. Draw and interpret diagrams e. State and use laws to solve problems f. Explain working principles of equipment g. Discuss uses of equipment a. Discussion b. Problem-solving c. Group work to answer questions about the terms, principles, concepts and equations learnt d. Presentation of product of group work e. Summary of important points f. Experiment to determine the e.m.f. and internal resistance of a cell using a potentiometer Cooperation Textbook Working systematically Whiteboard and marker Diligence Wheatstone Bridge, 5 standard resistor, dry cell, resistor wire, micrometer screw gauge, metre rule, galvanometer, jockey, potentiometer, resistance box ICT 8,9 [18/2 – 28/2] 16. Magnetic fields 16.1 Magnetic field B 16.2 Force on a Candidates should be able a. understand the concept of magnetic field b. use the formula for force on a moving charge F = qv x B c. use the equation F = qvB sin to define a. Explain concepts b. Derive formulae c. Apply formulae to solve problems a. Discussion b. Problem-solving c. Group work to answer questions about the terms, principles, Analytical thinking Cooperation Textbook Whiteboard and marker moving charge 16.3 Force on a currentcarrying conductor 16.4 Magnetic fields due to currents 16.5 Force between currentcarrying conductors 16.6 Determination of ratio q/m 16.7 Hall effect 10 USBF 2 (5/3-7/3) 11 17. Electro- magnetic field strength B d. understand the magnetic force that acts on a straight current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field e. use the equation F = IlB sin f. use the formulae for magnetic fields: circular loop, B 0 NI solenoid, B 0 nI straight wire, B 2r 0 I 2d g. derive and use the formula F 0 I1 I 2 l 2d for the force between two parallel currentcarrying conductors h. define the unit of ampere and understand that this definition fixes a value for 0 i. understand the working principles of a current and its physical significance as an absolute measurement j. derive the formula = NIBA for torque on a coil in a radial field k. explain the working principles of a movingcoil galvanometer and motor l. understand the motion of charge in magnetic fields and electrical fields m. understand the principles of determination of the ratio q/m for charged particles n. explain the Hall effect and derive the expression for Hall Voltage VH o. describe the use of Hall effect Candidates should be able to d. Explain working principles of equipment concepts and equations learnt d. Presentation of product of group work e. Summary of important points f. Experiment to study the behavior of a bar magnet in a magnetic field and estimate the value of the horizontal component of the Earth’s magnetic field Working systematically Retort stand with two clamps, cork with optical pin, set of suspended magnet with two optical pins, plane mirror with protractor, cotton thread, test tube with copper wire coiled around it, power supply, d.c. ammeter 01A, switch, connecting wires, rheostat, vernier calipers, micrometer screw gauge. ICT [11/3 – 15/3] 17.1 17.2 17.3 17.4 17.5 12,13, [13/3 – 5/4] magnetic induction Magnetic flux Faraday’s law and Lenz’s law Selfinductance L Energy stored in an inductor Mutual induction 18. Alternating currents 18.1 Alternating currents through resistors 18.2 Alternating currents through inductors 18.3 Alternating currents through capacitors 18.4 Rectification of alternating currents 18.5 Smoothing by capacitors a. define magnetic flux = BAcos b. state and use Faraday’s law and Lenz’s law c. derive and use the equation for induced emf in linear conductors, discs, and plane coils d. explain the phenomenon of self-inductance and define self-inductance e. use the formulae E L dl , LI = N dt f. derive and use the equation for selfinductance of a solenoid g. derive and use the formula for energy that is stored in an inductor h. explain the phenomenon of mutual induction and define mutual inductance i. derive an expression for mutual inductance between two coaxial coils Candidates should be able to a. understand the concept of rms value of an alternating current and calculate the value; b. c. d. e. f. use the relationship Irms = I0 / 2 for sinusoidal cases understand the relationship of phase between current and voltage for pure resistors, pure capacitors, and pure inductors separately derive the reactance of a pure capacitor and a pure inductor derive and use the formula for power in an alternating current circuit which consists of a pure resistor, a pure capacitor, and a pure inductor separately explain half-way rectification and full-wave rectification with the use of diodes explain smoothing of output voltages by capacitors a. Define terms b. State and use laws c. Write/derive formulae and use them to solve problems d. Explain concepts and phenomena and their uses a. Discussion b. Problem-solving c. Group work to answer questions about the terms, principles, concepts and equations learnt d. Presentation of product of group work e. Summary of important points Logical thinking Textbook Appreciation of scientific discoveries Whiteboard and marker a. Explain concepts b. Define terms c. Derive and apply formulae d. Solve problems e. Explain physical processes a. Discussion b. Problem-solving c. Group work to answer questions about the terms, principles, concepts and equations learnt d. Presentation of product of group work e. Summary of important points Rational thinking Textbook Creative thinking Whiteboard and marker Model d.c. motor and transformer ICT OHP ICT 7/510/5 28/55/6 PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN STPM PENGGAL II PEPERIKSAAN STPM PENGGAL II SCHEME OF WORK – PHYSICS 960, UPPER SIX 2013 Term 3 Week/ [Date] 1 [10/614/6] 2 [17/6 – 21/6] Topic 19. Oscillations 19.1 Free oscillations 19.2 Damped oscillations 19.3 Forced oscillations 19.4 Resonance and damping 20. Wave motion 20.1 Waves and energy 20.2 Progressive waves 20.3 Wave intensity 20.4 Principle of superposition 20.5 Standing waves 20.6 Longitudinal waves and transverse waves Objectives Candidates should be able to a. describe the changes in amplitude and energy for a damped oscillating b. distinguish between under damping, critical damping, and overdamping c. distinguish between free oscillations and forced oscillations d. describe graphically the variation in amplitude of forced vibrations with forced frequencies e. state the conditions for resonance to occur Candidates should be able to a. explain how waves are formed and give examples of waves b. explain the relationship between waves and energy c. define displacement, amplitude, frequency, period, wavelength, and wavefront d. interpret and use the progressive wave equation, y a sin( t kx) or y a cos(t kx) e. sketch and interpret the displacement-time graph and the displacement- distance graph f. use the formula 2x g. derive and use the relationship v f h. define intensity and use the relationship Ia 2 i. use the variation of intensity with distance of a point source Skills Activities Values Audio-visual Aids a. Describe phenomena b. Distinguish between different terms c. Represent graphically the relationship between quantities 1. Problem-solving related to the topic 2. Demonstration of forced oscillations and resonance 3. Summary of the important points. Openmindedness Whiteboard and marker a. Explain and use principle b. Explain principles and relationships between quantities c. Define terms d. Sketch and interpret graphs e. Use formulae to solve problems 1. Experiment to study stationary waves formed on a string and to determine the mass per unit length of string used. 2. Group work to answer past-year questions related to the topic. 3. Presentation of product of group work. 4. Summary of important points Rational thinking Textbook and reference books Apparatus and materials for demonstration Whiteboard and marker Logical thinking Textbook and reference books Apparatus and materials for experiment 3,4 [24/6 – 28/6] 21. Sound waves 21.1 Propagation of sound waves 21.2 Sources of sound 21.3 Intensity of sound 21.4 Beat 21.5 Doppler effect j. explain the principle of superposition k. use the principle of superposition to explain the formation of standing waves l. derive and interpret the standing wave equation m. distinguish between progressive waves and standing waves n. explain the properties of longitudinal waves and transverse waves and give examples of these waves Candidates should be able to a. explain sound as a form of longitudinal wave b. explain the propagation of sound waves in terms of pressure variation and displacement c. interpret the equations for displacement, y y0 sin( t kt), and pressure, p p 0 sin t kx 2 d. describe quantitatively the formation of standing waves along stretched strings and use the formula for the frequency of the sound waves produced e. describe quantitatively the formation of standing waves in air columns and use the formula for frequency including the determination of end correction f. describe qualitatively the production the production of sound waves by vibrating membranes g. use dB to define the levels of intensity h. use the principle of superposition to explain the formation of beats i. use the formula for beat frequency, f = f1 – f2 j. describe quantitatively the Doppler effect a. b. c. d. e. Explain phenomena Interpret equations Describe processes Define terms Use formulae to solve problems 1. Experiment with a resonance tube to determine the speed of sound 2. Group work to answer past-year questions related to the topic 3. Presentation of product of group work 4. Summary of important points. Willingness to learn Whiteboard and marker Openmindedness Textbook and reference books Apparatus and materials for experiment 4 [1/7/– 5/7] 22 Geometrical optics 22.1 Curved mirrors 22.2 Refraction at curved surfaces 22.3 Thin lenses for sound and use the derived formulae Candidates should be able to r a. understand and use the relationship f 2 for curved mirrors. b. draw ray diagrams to show the formation of images by concave mirrors and convex mirrors. c. derive and use the formula a. Derive and use formulae to solve problems b. Draw ray diagrams c. Experimenting and writing reports. 1 1 1 for f u v curved mirrors. d. derive and use the formula n1 n2 n2 n1 for refraction at u v r 1. Exercise to draw raydiagrams 2. Problem-solving 3. Experiment to study the variation of refractive index of sugar solution with concentration. 4. Group work to answer past-year questions related to the topic 5. Presentation of product of group work 6. Summary of important points. Working systematically a. Question-and-answer on Huygen’s principle, conditions for coherence b. Construction using Huygen’s principle c. Experiment using Openmindedness Openmindedness Convex lens, short transparent ruler, card with a square hole at the centre, screen, bulb as light source, metre rule, plasticine ICT spherical surfaces. e. use the formula n1 n2 n2 n1 to u v r derive : thin lens formula 1 1 1 f u v lens maker’s formula 1 1 1 n 1 f r1 r2 f. use the thin lens formula and lens maker’s formula 5 6,7 [15/7 – 26/7] USBF 3 (9/7-11/7) 23. Physical optics 23.1 Huygen’s principle 23.2 Interference 23.3 Two-slit interference Candidates should be able to a. understand and use the Huygen’s principle to explain interference and diffraction phenomena b. understand the concept of coherence. c. understand the concept of optical path difference. a. State a principle b. Use the principle to explain a phenomena c. Explain a concept d. State conditions for a phenomena to occur. e. Describe phenomena Analytical thinking Cooperation Text book White board and marker Laser pointer, two retort stands, pattern 23.4 Thin film 223.5 Diffraction at single slit 23.6iffraction gratings 23.7 Polarisation d. know the conditions for constructive interference and destructive interference. e. know Young’s two-slit interference pattern. f. derive and use the formula y d a f. Derive and use formulae to solve problems. for Young’s interference pattern. g. understand the formation of air wedge interference pattern and solve related problems. h. understand the phenomena of thin film interference for nearly normal incident light and non-normal incident light, and solve related problems. i. know the diffraction pattern for a single slit. j. derive and use the formula sin a diffraction grating to determine the wavelength of a laser beam d. Group work to answer past-year questions related to the topic e. Presentation of product of group work f. Summary of important points. metre rule, screen, two diffraction gratings ICT for the first minimum in the diffraction pattern for a single slit. k. know the diffraction pattern for diffraction gratings. l. use the formula d sin n for diffraction gratings m. describe the use of diffraction gratings to form the spectrum of white light and measure the wavelength of monochromatic light. n. understand that polarisation is a property of transverse waves. o. understand the production of polarised light by polaroid and by reflection. p. understand polarisation planes. q. use the formula 8,9 [29/7 – 6/8] 24. QUANTUM PHYSICS 24.1 Photons I I 0 cos 2 . Candidates should be able to a. Explain terminology a. Group work to answer Appreciation of Text books a. descibe important observations in photoelectric emission experiments. b. recognise features of photoelectric emission that cannot be explained by wave theory and explain these features using the concept of quantisation of light. c. use the equation E hf for a photon. d. understand the meaning of work function and threshold frequency. e. use Einstein’s equation for photoelectric effect, b. Describe experimental observations c. Explain phenomena based on concepts d. Use formulae to solve problems past-year questions related to the topic b. Presentation of product of group work c. Summary of important points. natural phenomena a. Explain a concept b. Use formulae to solve problems c. Describe experimental observations a. Group work to answer past-year questions related to the topic b. Presentation of product of group work c. Summary of important points. Appreciation of scientific discoveries a. State and explain postulates b. Derive and use formulae c. Explain phenomena a. Demonstration of emission spectrum of gases using discharge tubes and diffraction gratings b. Group work to answer past-year questions related to the topic c. Presentation of product of group work d. Summary of important points. Appreciation of scientific contributions Analytical thinking White board and marker ICT hf W 12 mv 2 f. understand the meaning of stopping potential and use ] 24.2 Waveparticle duality eVs 12 mv 2 . Candidates should be able to a. use the equation h to calculate de p Broglie’s wavelength. b. describe observations in electron diffraction experiments. c. explain briefly the advantages of electron microscopes. ] 24.3 Atomic structure Candidates should be able to a. state Bohr’s postulate for an atom. b. derive an expression for radii of orbits in Bohr’s model. c. derive the equation E n 2 4 Z e m 8 0 h 2 n 2 2 for Bohr’s model. d. explain the production of line spectra with reference to transitions between energy levels. Text book White board and marker ICT Analytical thinking Text book Whiteboard and marker Discharge tubes, diffraction gratings, EHT source ICT e. understand the concept of excitation energy and ionisation energy. 24.4 X-ray Candidates should be able to a. interpret X-ray spectra obtained from X-ray tubes. b. explain the characteristic line spectrum and continuous spectrum including min in Xray. c. derive and use the equation min a. Describe and interpret spectra b. Derive and use formulae a. Sketch and interpret Xray spectra b. Group work to answer past-year questions related to the topic c. Presentation of product of group work d. Summary of important points. Appreciation of scientific discoveries a. Explain meaning of terms and symbols b. Define and use units c. Explain relationship between two quantities d. Sketch structure and explain the working principles of mass spectrometers a. Question-and-answer on atomic number, mass number b. Problem-solving c. Group work to answer past-year questions related to the topic d. Presentation of product of group work e. Summary of important points. Logical and analytical thinking a. Explain processes b. State and use principles, laws and formulae to solve problems c. Define terms a. Group work to answer past-year questions related to the topic b. Presentation of product of group work c. Summary of important Awareness of the danger of abusing scientific discoveries hc . eV Openmindedness Text book White board and marker ICT d. describe Bragg diffraction by crystals. e. derive and use 2d sin n 9 10,11] [19/830/3] CUTI SEMPENA HARI RAYA AIDILFITRI 2013 Candidates should be able to 25 NUCLEAR a. describe the discovery of neutrons. PHYSICS 25.2 Nucleus b. understand the symbol ZA X . c. understand and use the units u and eV. d. explain mass defect and binding energy. e. understand the equivalence of mass with energy and use the formula E mc . f. understand the variation of binding energy per nucleon with nucleon number. g. understand the existence of isotopes. h. understand the working principles of mass spectrometers. 2 25.2 Radioactivity Candidates should be able to a. understand radioactive decay as a spontaneous and ramdom process. b. state and use the exponential law dN N for radioactive decay. dt Working systematically Awareness of the Text book White board and marker Periodic table ICT Text book Magazines Newspaper articles c. define activity and decay constant. d. derive and use the formula N N 0e points. t . need to conserve natural resources ICT e. define half-life and derive the relation ln 2 . t1 2 25.3 Nuclear reaction 12 13 14 f. explain the use of radioisotopes as tracers. Candidates should be able to a. understand that charge and nucleon number are conserved in nuclear reactions. b. write and complete equations for nuclear reactions. c. understand the principle of conservation of energy to calculate the energy released in a nuclear reaction. d. understand the processes of nuclear fission and fusion. e. understand the occurrence of fission and fusion in terms of binding energy per nucleon. a. Define terms b. State and use principles, laws and formulae to solve problems c. Explain processes a. Writing equations for nuclear reactions b. Problem-solving c. Group work to answer past-year questions related to the topic d. Presentation of product of group work e. Summary of important points. Awareness of the danger of abusing scientific discoveries Awareness of the need to conserve natural resources Text book Magazines Newspaper articles ICT USBF 4 (10/9-12/9) PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN PENGGAL III (22/10-25/10) PEPERIKSAAN STPM PENGGAL III (11-14/11, 18/11) Prepared by : …………………. (CIK NOR HANIZA) PENYELARAS FIZIK Certified by : …………………. (EN. AHMAD KHUSAIRI B MOHD SALLEH) PENOLONG KANAN TING.6