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Unit 4: Comparative World Religions •Comparative World Religions Introduction •Comparing World Religions •The Golden Rule •Comparing Religions •World Religions Today Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Comparing World Religions Introduction Lesson 1 Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum monotheism https://sgreaser.wikispaces.com/3+World+Religions+Webquest?responseToken=05f11a5d6c7c36d380be5dc59017cefc3 the belief in one god or goddess Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum polytheism http://mrplaskoworldhistory.wikispaces.com/26.+Can+you+explain+the+reasoning+behind+each+civilization+bein g+polytheistic+and+worshipping+many+gods%3F?responseToken=039c6104e1f6bde62bb57e722d8073f5e the belief in many gods or goddesses Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum demographics http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:World-religions.PNG the statistical data of a population such as average age, income, education Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum nonpartisan http://nonpartisan.me/ not biased especially toward any particular political group Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum agnostic http://humanisternasyd.wordpress.com/2010/05/ http://incentive-intelligence.typepad.com/incentive_intelligence/merchandise/ a position stating that the existence of God can’t be proven Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum atheism http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alliance_internationale_ath%C3%A9e http://incentive-intelligence.typepad.com/incentive_intelligence/merchandise/ a position stating that there is no God or gods Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Buddhism http://worldreligionswiki7.wikispaces.com/CASBuddhism-Erin Buddhism developed in India, and is a belief in an endless cycle of reincarnation, or samsara, which is similar to beliefs of Hinduism. Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Christianity http://nunesjanilton.blogspot.com/2012/06/catolicismo.html This monotheistic religion developed from Judaism and believes Jesus died for our sins, was buried, was resurrected, and thereby offers salvation to all who will receive Him in faith. Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Hinduism http://mrgasianstudies.wikispaces.com/Hinduism+Q1 a polytheistic religion that believes salvation is achieved through a spiritual oneness of the soul, atman, with the ultimate reality of the universe, Brahma Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Islam http://www.newsrealblog.com/2011/02/27/the-top-10-islamapologist-blogs/ the youngest of the world’s major monotheistic religions. Worshippers of this monotheistic religion are known as Muslims, which means “one who submits to the will of Allah”. Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Judaism http://www.glogster.com/kenny342/judaism-poster/g-6lqn6peoesqo8tcfpe446a0 Judaism is the oldest known monotheistic religion that teaches that there in one God who is the creator of all things. It is the basis for more recently developed religions such as Christianity and Islam. Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Lesson 1, Day 1 Agenda • Opening – Quickwrite: What is religion? What is a spiritual tradition? • Work Time – – – – Ancient Belief Systems Brainstorm “World Religions” from URI “The Global Religions Landscape” from Pew BrainPOP • Closing – Exit Ticket: Three things I learned about religion and spiritual tradition… Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Quickwrite • What is religion? • What is a spiritual tradition? Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Ancient Belief Systems Monotheistic • • • • • • • • Polytheistic • • • • • • • • Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum “World Religions” from URI http://www.uri.org/kids/world.htm Page 1-2 Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum “The Global Religious Landscape” Page 3 Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum “The Global Religious Landscape” • http://www.pewforum.org/2012/12/18/globalreligious-landscape-exec • • • • What is the purpose of the Pew research? What does nonpartisan mean? Demographic? How does Pew conduct research? Where do you think they get the data for their studies? – Is this a credible source? – What about bias? Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum BrainPOP • https://www.brainpop.com/socialstudies/cult ure/religion/ http://4a4b.wikispaces.com/file/view/Religious_symbols.jpg/90527231/Religious_symbols.jpg Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Exit Ticket • 3 things I learned about world religions… • 2 more things I learned about world religions… • 1 more question I still have… Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Comparing World Religions Lesson 2 Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Ahimsa http://ecobiocosmoetica.blogspot.com/2012/05/cultura-de-paz-e-nao-violencia.html in Hinduism, it is the principle of nonviolence against all living things Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Arabic http://conectica.com.mx/2011/11/24/el-arabe-es-el-idioma-con-mayor-crecimiento-en-twitter-segun-un-estudio/ Semitic language spoken and written in a wide arc of territory, stretching across the Middle East, North Africa, and the Horn of Africa Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Brahma http://yaalinihrt3m.wikispaces.com/Brahma+and+Saraswati in Hinduism, the god (deva) of creation Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Buddha http://www.flickr.com/photos/craigloftus/5140468493/ Hindu for “enlightened one” founder of Buddhism Siddhartha Gautama Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum dharma http://spiritualnotreligious.blogspot.com/2011/0 6/intolerance-love-and-essence-of-all.html the act of fulfilling one’s duty in life. Associated with Hinduism and Buddhism Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Eightfold Path http://worldreligionsbuddhism.wikispaces.com/Basic+Teachings,+Laws,+and+Rules code of behavior for followers of Buddhism Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Five Pillars of Islam http://adeelfareed-hrt3m7.wikispaces.com/Laws+and+rituals code of behaviors for followers of Islam Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Four Noble Truths http://hamptonworldhistoryi.wikispaces.com/1st+9+Weeks+Unit+4 Siddhartha’s Gautama philosophy of the nature of human suffering and its relation to desire Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum hajj http://disseccionari.blogspot.com/2012/01/mirant-cap-la-meca.html the pilgrimage or holy journey to the city of Mecca Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Hebrew http://homeshuling.wordpress.com/2009/04/28/whyhebrew-or-why-i-send-my-child-to-a-jewish-day-school-part-2/ Semitic language originating in ancient Palestine and spoken by the Israelites. Modern Hebrew was developed in the 19th and 20th centuries from the ancient written language Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Holy Land http://elliotritzema.com/2009/12/13/1096/ term given to lands in present day Israel that is significant to Judaism, Christianity, and Islam Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Holy Trinity http://blog.wcgworld.com/2011/09/location-last-third-of-the-holy-trinity-of-data formed by the Creator (Father), Redeemer (Son), and the Sustainer (Holy Spirit). Christians believe that these three entities are all part of a single higher power. Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Imam http://iah211dspring2010.wikispaces.com/Group+4-3+Shiism in Islam, the leader of prayers and religious scholar Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum jihad http://digital--destiny.deviantart.com/art/The-Greater-Jihad-204418697 effort in God’s service waged by Muslims in defense of the Islamic faith Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum karma http://autumn-sunshine.net/blogs/?p=2406 actions in this life result from the consequences of a previous life’s actions. Associated with Hinduism and Buddhism. Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum messiah http://assembleadiyahushua.altervista.o rg/blog/come-la-bibbia-testimonia-cheil-messiah-non-e-il-padre-onnipotente/ According to the Hebrew Bible, an anointed king who will lead the Jews back to the land of Israel and establish justice in the world. According to the Christians, the Messiah was Jesus Christ. Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum mosque http://www.wondermondo.com/Attractions/RelM.htm a domed Islamic religious building Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum New Testament http://www.internetmonk.com/archive/pete-enns-hey-get-awayfrom-my-bible-christian-appropriation-of-a-jewish-bible sacred scripture of Christians, a collection of Christian works written in the common Greek language of the first century, at different times by various writers Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Nirvana http://kis6ss.wikispaces.com /Ancient+India+Assignments in Buddhism, spiritual enlightenment Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Pope http://chriscondello.wordpress. com/2013/02/28/ the bishop of Rome; head of the Roman Catholic Church Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Quran http://www.fotopedia.com/i tems/flickr-2246396920 Islamic holy book verbally revealed from Allah (God in Arabic) to Muhammad through the angel Gabriel. Considered a book of guidance for life by Muslims Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Rabbi http://worldreligionswiki7.wikisp aces.com/NATI+Judaism-Paul Jewish scholar charged with conducting religious services, ensuring that Jewish laws are observed, and serving as a spiritual guide for the community Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Ramadan http://withasaudiaccent.blogspot.com /2010/08/ramadan-preparation.html the ninth month of the Muslim calendar. All Muslims must fast during daylight hours, except the very young or sick. Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum reincarnation http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/ R%C3%A9incarnation the rebirth of a soul into another body Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum religion http://www.eoi.es/blogs/carloscer dan/2012/01/08/dp-4relationship-between-religionand-environmental-conservation/ a person’s beliefs concerning existence and worship of a god or gods, and divine involvement in the universe and human life Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum sacraments http://www.orientaltradi ng.com/religioussacraments-bulletinboard-cutouts-a262_7276.fltr Christian religious practices such as baptism Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum sacred http://www.wondermondo.co m/Attractions/Religious.htm worthy of or regarded with religious worship, and/or respect Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Talmud http://ancientworldonline.blogsp ot.com/2010/11/facsimile-ofleiden-manuscript-of.html the collection of Jewish writings that is the basis of Jewish religious law Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Torah http://www.fotopedia.com/i tems/flickr-3370859327 The holy book of Judaism. It describes the creation of the world, the history of ancient Israel, the Ten commandments, and contains the Psalms and the prophetic books Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Upanishads http://www.creationmovie.net/upanishads/ Hindu holy book from the 8th century BCE that contains revealed truths concerning the nature of ultimate reality and describing the character and from of human salvation Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Vedas http://hinduismatkillester.wi kispaces.com/Sacred+Texts A Hindu holy book which is a collection of Aryan hymns that were transmitted orally before being written down in the 6th century BCE Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Lesson 2, Day 1-2 Agenda • Opening – Quickwrite: What is the importance of religion today? • Work Time – Timeline Analysis – 5 World Religions PowerPoint & Chart • Closing – Exit Ticket: Three things I learned about the 5 World Religions… Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Quickwrite •What is the importance of religion today? Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum What Can You Conclude from the Page 4 Timeline? Eastern Religions Semitic Religions Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Five World Religions So, how could we arrange information that we will gather about the 5 major world religions? http://bms.johnston.k12.nc.us/UserFiles/Servers/Server_3024096/File/5%20MAJOR%20WORLD%20RELIGIONS.ppt Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Page 5-6 Five Major World Religions Hinduism Buddhism Judaism Christianity Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Islam 2500 – 250 BC Hinduism • • • • The religion of Hinduism developed and evolved over a long time in India, giving rise to a variety of beliefs and practices and to other religions, including Buddhism. One of the oldest religions of humanity, founded in 1500 BCE or earlier. It is the 3rd largest religion in the world. No particular founder Brahman Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum 2500 – 250 BC What do Hindus believe? • • • • • • • 1. Brahman -the eternal being - created and preserves the world. Everything in the world is an aspect of Brahman. 2. Atman - the soul – each person has one that is an aspect of Brahman. Can’t ever be destroyed. 3. Devas – manifestations of Brahman that are active in the world and who help to maintain order. – 3 of the most common—Brahma, Vishnu, & Siva 4. Reincarnation – being reborn into this world lifetime after lifetime (Samsara) 5. Karma – the sum effect of a person’s actions, good and bad, which helps shape future experiences 6. Moksha - goal of human existence, escape from the cycle of reincarnation to join with the Brahman. 7. Dharma – set of spiritual duties and obligations that must be fulfilled to achieve moksha. Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum 2500 – 250 BC What are the Sacred Texts? • Oldest, most authoritative: – 1. Four Vedas (“truth”) – sacred hymns of praise • Contain knowledge revealed by Brahman – 2. Upanishads – philosophical reflections on the Vedas • Also revealed to, not written by, people • the Great Indian Epics (composed by sages) – Ramayana – Mahabharata (includes BhagavadGita) • Both tell stories that reflect on what it means to live according to Vedic teachings Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum What are the religious practices of Hinduism? 2500 – 250 BC • Vary greatly because worship can take place anywhere—usually a temple or in the home. • Spiritual leaders are called gurus or sages. • Yoga-integrated physical and mental exercises. They teach people to focus their minds and bodies which will aid their meditation in order to attain moksha • Pilgrimage to Ganges (thought it flows through 2 devas so its water is holy. Bathing in it will purify them and remove bad karma. • Ultimate goal of life – to release Atman and reunite with the divine, becoming as one with Brahman (Moksha) Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum 2500 – 250 BC Who do Hindus worship? – 3 Most Important Devas Brahma, the creator Siva, the Destroyer Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Vishnu, the Preserver All these deities are but Aspects of the impersonal Brahman Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Hinduism – Map! AUM! AUM Hinduism in 1500 C.E. Hinduism Today HinduismPutnam/Northern located in India andBOCES: SE Asia Westchester 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELANow Curriculum Then and AUM! 2500 – 250 BC Buddhism •Buddhism, which teaches people that they can escape the suffering of the world through the Buddhist teachings, developed in Northeast India in 520 BCE and spread to other parts of Asia •4th largest religion in the world Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum 2500 – 250 BC Siddhartha Gautama (563-483 BCE) Unlike Hinduism, Buddhism can be traced to one single founder, Siddhartha Gautama Prince of a small kingdom; he lived a sheltered life and sought the answer to ending suffering After years of meditation and searching, he sat under a Bodhi tree where he became Enlightened He transformed into the Buddha-the Enlightened One. Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum 2500 – 250 BC The Teachings of Buddhism What is the fundamental cause of all suffering? Desire! Therefore, extinguish the self, don’t obsess about oneself. Give up all materials and possessions of the world. Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum 2500 – 250 BC Four Noble Truths There is suffering in the world. To live is to suffer. The cause of suffering is people’s desires for pleasure and material goods. The solution is to eliminate desire and attachments. (Nirvana = “extinction”) To reach nirvana, one must follow the Eightfold Path. Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Eightfold Path 2500 – 250 BC Right Understanding Right Speech Right Intention Right Action Right Livelihood Right Effort Right Concentration Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Right Mindfulness 2500 – 250 BC Eightfold Path Nirvana Nirvana is a state of perfect peace in which the soul would be free from suffering forever. It would escape from the cycle of rebirth. If nirvana is not achieved, then the soul would be reborn to live through the cycle of suffering again. Spiritual leaders are called monks or lamas. Worship takes place in a temple or meditation hall. Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Sacred Texts • Pali Canon • Dhammapada • Both record the words of the Buddha Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum The Spread of Buddhism Interactive Map http://www.eduplace.com/kids/socsci/books/applications/imaps/ma ps/g6_u7/ Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum 2500 – 250 BC Types of Buddhism Therevada Buddhism Mahayana Buddhism Tibetan Buddhism Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum 2500 – 250 BC Theravada Buddhism The oldest school of Buddhism. Found in southern Asia. The monastic life is the best way to achieve nirvana. Focus on wisdom and meditation. Goal is to become a “Buddha,” or “Enlightened One.” Over 100,000,000 followers today. Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Mahayana Buddhism 2500 – 250 BC Founded in northern Asia (China, Japan). Buddhism “for the masses.” One doesn’t need to be a monk or nun to reach nirvana; anyone can do it with some help. Seek guidance from Boddhisatvas, wise beings, people who have found enlightenment but have stayed on earth to help others find their way. Goal: Not just individual escape from the wheel, but the salvation of all humanity through self-sacrifice of those who are already enlightened.d few. Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum 2500 – 250 BC Tibetan Buddhism Developed in Tibet in the 7c CE. A mix of Theravada and Mahayana. Boddhisatvas include Lamas, like the Dalai Lama. Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Buddhism – Map! Buddhism in 1500 C.E. Buddhism Today Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Buddhism located in Southeast and East Asia (China) Then and Now Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Judaism, Christianity, & Islam Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Brief History • Judaism- The Hebrew leader Abraham founded Judaism in Mesopotamia around 1300 B.C. Judaism is the oldest of the monotheistic faiths (religions with one God). • Christianity - Founded by Jesus Christ, who was crucified around A.D. 33 in Palestine in the city of Jerusalem. It was after his death when his followers came to believe in him as the Christ, the Messiah. • Islam - Founded in Arabia by Muhammad in A.D. 622. Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum 4000–550 BC Abraham’s Genealogy All 3 Religions are linked by Abraham—He is the patriarch of all 3 •Islam-Quran HAGAR •Judaism-Torah ABRAHAM SARAH Ishmael Isaac 12 Arabian Tribes Jacob/Israel Esau •Muhammad (the last prophet) •Quran and the Five Pillars of Islam Mecca (Muslims) 12 Tribes of Israel •2 Tribes - (Jews) of Judah •Other 10 tribes(Israelites) •Jesus Christ (son of God) (Hebrews) •The Hebrew Bible - Old Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Testament in the Christian Grade Integrated SS/ELABible Curriculum Judaism Briefly • Judaism is over 3000 years old and is the oldest of the world's monotheistic religions (religions with only one God). It's also the smallest, with only about 14 million (7th) followers around the world. • Its holy city is Jerusalem. Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Judaism Beliefs • Jews believe that there is a single God (Yahweh) who not only created the universe, but with whom every Jew can have an individual and personal relationship. • They await the Messiah, who will be an earthly king. They believe in heaven, but that God determines where they go after life on earth. • Ten Commandments is the basic code of law. Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Judaism Holy Book • The most holy Jewish book is the Torah (the first five books of the Christian Bible). Others include Judaism's oral tradition, the written form of which is known as the Talmud. • The Torah (scroll of teachings) contains the five books revealed to Moses by God on Mount Sinai. • Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Judaism Place of Worship • Jews worship in Synagogues or temples. Men and women usually sit separately. • Worship is led by a Rabbi. • Saturday (begins at sundown on Friday) is time for worship. Putnam/Northern Westchester Stamford BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Hill, London The Temple • According to the Bible, the First Temple for Jewish worship was built around 900-1000 BCE and destroyed by Babylonians in 586 BCE. • The Jews were then sent out of Canaan, but returned after 50 years in exile. • A Diaspora occurs when a group of people leave their homeland and move to many different locations separately. • All of the world’s Jewish communities today that do not live in present-day Israel are part of the Jewish Diaspora. Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum The Temple • A new temple was finished 70 years later on the site of the First Temple, but was badly plundered by invading Romans about 54 BCE. • King Herod, a Jew, ruled Judea for the Romans. Under him the second temple was rebuilt in 20 BCE. • When the Romans attacked Jerusalem again in 70 CE(AD), they destroyed Herod’s temple. • Today, the single remaining temple wall, the Western Wall, is a place of prayer for Jewish pilgrims. • Jews moved away from the land again, until the modern state of Israel was formed in the late 1940s. Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Judaism – Map! Judaism in 1500 C.E. Judaism Today Today, located In 1500, located in Europe and Middle Westchester Putnam/Northern BOCES: 6th in Israel and U.S. Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum East Christianity briefly • Christianity is the world's largest religion, with about 2.2 billion followers worldwide. It is based on the teachings of Jesus Christ who lived in the Holy Land 2,000 years ago. Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Christianity Beliefs • Christians believe that Jesus Christ was the Son of God • God sent his Son to earth to save humanity from the consequences of its sins • Jesus rose from the dead on the third day after his Crucifixion (the Resurrection) • Christians believe that Jesus was the Messiah promised in the Old Testament • Christians believe that there is only one God, but that this one God consists of 3 "persons“-God the Father, God the Son, God the Holy Ghost--Trinity • Christians believe that God made the world. Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Christianity Beliefs Christians believe that they can have a personal relationship with God, and that they are saved by faith, and good works. They believe in heaven and hell. They believe that the Bible is the inspired word of God. Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Christians Holy Book • The Bible is the Christian holy book. It is divided into the Old and New Testaments. Parts of the writing contained in the Old Testament are also sacred to Jewish and Muslim people. Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Christian Place of Worship • The Christian place of worship is called a Church, which are built in the shape of a cross with the altar facing east towards the rising sun. Services are led by a priest, pastor or reverend. • Day of worship is normally Sunday. Putnam/Northern Westchester Westminster BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Abbey London Christian Sects • Roman Catholicism vs. Eastern Orthodox-Christian Church divided when the Roman Empire was divided and then fell. Orthodox Christians do not recognize the authority of the Pope. • Catholicism vs. Protestantism-as a result of the Reformation, Protestant sects broke with the Catholic Church and established their own separate churches. Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Christianity – Map! Christianity 1500 C.E. Christianity Today In 1500, located in Europe andPutnam/Northern Middle EastWestchester Today, located BOCES: 6th in Americas and Europe Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Islam Briefly • Islam is the second most popular religion in the world with 1.3 billion followers. Islam began in Arabia and was revealed to humanity by the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). Those who follow Islam are called Muslims. Muslims believe that there is only one God, called Allah, who speaks Arabic. Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Islam Holy Book • The Muslim scripture is the Holy Qur'an. It is 'the word of God'. Muslim beliefs and practices are rooted in the Qur'an. • Muslims treat the Qur'an with great respect because they believe that the Qur'an is from Allah, and every word and every letter is sacred. • Muslims regard the Qur'an as the unaltered word of God. Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Islam Place of Worship • The Muslim building for communal worship is called a Mosque. The word comes from the Arabic for "place of prostration". • Worshippers are called to prayer 5 times a day from minarets – towers on the mosque corners. • They contain only designs, no people or animals or furniture. • Normal day of worship is Friday. • Religious leaders are called imams. Grand mosque in Mecca Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Five Pillars Belief system/law code • • • • • Shahadah: declaration of faith "I bear witness that there is no god, but God; I bear witness that Muhammad is the prophet of God." By reciting this, one enters Islamic faith. Salah: Pray 5 times a day facing Mecca Muslims are required to pray five times a day, washing themselves before prayer and facing in the direction of Mecca while praying. Zakat: Give a fixed proportion to charity Muslims are required to give away a percentage of their earnings to those less fortunate, regardless of their religion. Saum: Fast during the month of Ramadan Muslims fast for one lunar month each year, a period called Ramadan. During this time, Muslims reflect on their behavior and strive to purify their thoughts. Hajj: Make a pilgrimage to Mecca If it is financially possible, Muslims are required to travel to Mecca once in their lifetime. Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum The Hajj • Hijja: The month of pilgrimage during which all Muslims, at least once in their life, should try to make the pilgrimage to Mecca and worship at the Kaaba Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Muslim Sects • Sunni-the majority • Shia-the minority • The split rose from an early dispute over who should be the leader of Islam after the death of Muhammad. The Sunnis argued that the successor should be appointed by election and consensus, as tradition dictated. (Sunni comes from the Arabic word Sunna , meaning “tradition.”) The Shia believed that Muhammad's successors should come from his family, starting with Ali, his son-in-law. These, the partisans of Ali, were named from the word Shia , meaning “partisan” in Arabic. Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Islam – Map! Islam in 1500 C.E. Islam Today In 1500, located in Middle East, Africa, andWestchester Today, BOCES: located Putnam/Northern 6th in Middle East, Africa, and Grade Integrated SS/ELA Southern Europe Asia Curriculum View of Fellow Abrahamic Religions – Judaism – “Islam and Christianity are false interpretations and extensions of Judaism.” – Christianity – “Judaism is a true religion, but with incomplete revelation. Islam is a false religion.” – Islam – “Jews and Christians are respected as fellow believers, but with wrong beliefs and only partial revelation.” Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Exit Ticket • • • • • 1 thing I learned about Islam… 1 thing I learned about Judaism… 1 thing I learned about Hinduism… 1 thing I learned about Buddhism… 1 thing I learned about Christianity… Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum The Golden Rule Lesson 3 Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Lesson 3, Day 1 Agenda • Opening – Quickwrite: What is some of the best advice you could give to someone about how to treat others? • Work Time – Quote Discussion and Scenario – Class Share • Closing – Reflection Writing Piece Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Quickwrite • What is some of the best advice you could give to someone about how to treat others? Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Discuss the Quote • 6 Groups/1 Quote per Group –Read the Quote –Discuss its Meaning Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Quote Skit Page 7 • Develop a scenario or skit to represent your quote • Share skits and record observations on chart Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Islam • Not one of you truly believes until you wish for others what you wish for yourself. –The prophet Muhammad, Hadith Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Christianity • In everything, do to others as you would have them do to you; for this is the law of the prophets. –Jesus, Matthew 7:12 Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Hinduism • This is the sum of duty: do not do to others what would cause pain if done to you. –Mahabharata 5:1517 Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Judaism • What is hateful to you, do not do to your neighbor. This is the whole Torah; all the rest is commentary. –Hillel, Talmud, Shabbath 31a Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Buddhism • Treat not others in ways that you yourself would find hurtful. –The Buddha, Udana-Varga 5.18 Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Confucianism • One word which sums up the basis of all good conduct…loving kindness. Do not do to others what you do not want done to yourself. –Confucius, Analects 15.23 Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Golden Rule http://abbiesbabble.wordpress.com/20 14/10/23/remember-the-golden-rule/ a rule of conduct to do to others as you would have them do to you Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Reflection Writing Piece Page 8 Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Comparing World Religions Lesson 4 Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Lesson 4, Day 1-3 Agenda • Opening – Quickwrite: Explain arguments using the following terms: overall claim, specific claims, evidence, explanation, introduction, conclusion • Work Time – Comparing Semitic Religions Chart – Beliefs, Practices, & History of Semitic Religions – Compare/Contrast Essay Graphic Organizer • Closing – Essay Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Quickwrite • Explain arguments using the following terms: – overall claim – specific claims – evidence – explanation – introduction – conclusion Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Comparing the Semitic ReligionsPage Judaism, Islam, Christianity 9-11 Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Gathering Research for Essay Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Page 13-15 Organizing My Essay Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Page 17 World Religions Today Lesson 5 Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Lesson 5, Day 1 Agenda • Opening – Quickwrite: How does religion play a role in the world today? • Work Time – Current Events with World Religions – Article Presentation • Closing – Reflection Writing Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Quickwrite •How does religion play a role in the world today? Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Current Events with World Religions • www.newsela.com – Sign Up – I’m a Student – Fill in Account Information-Username is learningfarm.com username+group name, ex. NNicoleSaucey • Saucey HBBWEU • Penguins PPEWNC • Ducks N5FBSN – “Binder” in top right corner – Choose an article Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Page 19-20 Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum Present Your Article Findings Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum http://svatantravichar.blogspot.com/2011/01/blog-post_17.html Reflection Writing • How does religion play a role in the world today? • What were some of the most interesting things you heard in class today? • What were some of the most surprising things you heard in class today? Putnam/Northern Westchester BOCES: 6th Grade Integrated SS/ELA Curriculum