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2 Paradigm Publishing, Inc. Computer Concepts Topics 3 4.1 Introduction to the Operating System (OS) and the OS Functions 4.2 Popular Operating Systems for Computing Systems 4.3 Popular Operating Systems for Mobile Devices 4.4 Embedded Operating Systems and Cloud Operating Systems 4.5 Utilities in Your OS Package for Maintaining System Performance 4.6 Using Operating System Tools to Troubleshoot Computer Problems Chapter Summary Paradigm Publishing, Inc. Computer Concepts Topics 4 4.1 Introduction to the Operating System (OS) and the OS Functions System software: includes the operating system that is designed to work with the hardware as well as a set of utility programs operating system (OS) program: provides the user interface that allows you to work with the computer, manages all of the hardware resources, and provides the platform for managing files and application programs Paradigm Publishing, Inc. Computer Concepts Topics 5 4.1 Introduction to the Operating System (OS) and the OS Functions…continued Paradigm Publishing, Inc. Computer Concepts Topics 6 4.1 Introduction to the Operating System (OS) and the OS Functions…continued Booting: starting a computer cold boot: turning on a computer that has been shut off warm boot: restarting a computer without turning off the power kernel: the core of the OS that manages memory, devices, and programs and assigns resources Paradigm Publishing, Inc. Computer Concepts Topics 7 4.1 Introduction to the Operating System (OS) and the OS Functions…continued Paradigm Publishing, Inc. Computer Concepts Topics 8 4.1 Introduction to the Operating System (OS) and the OS Functions…continued Functions: Providing a User Interface user interface (UI): the means with which you interact with the computer graphical user interface (GUI): presents visual images that you tap or click to tell the OS what you want to do command-line interface: where you type commands on the keyboard at a prompt to tell the OS what to do Paradigm Publishing, Inc. Computer Concepts Topics 9 4.1 Introduction to the Operating System (OS) and the OS Functions…continued Functions: Managing Application Programs and Memory, and Coordinating the Flow of Data virtual memory: the hard disk space allocated to store RAM contents Paradigm Publishing, Inc. Computer Concepts Topics 10 4.1 Introduction to the Operating System (OS) and the OS Functions…continued Functions: Configuring Hardware and Peripheral Devices drivers: small computer programs that contain the instructions the OS uses to communicate and route data to/from a device Plug and Play: when you plug in a new device, the OS searches the device for the driver, loads it, and displays a message when the device is ready to use Paradigm Publishing, Inc. Computer Concepts Topics 11 4.1 Introduction to the Operating System (OS) and the OS Functions…continued Functions: Providing a File System the OS keeps track of the files stored on a computer’s storage devices and provides tools for managing those files Paradigm Publishing, Inc. Computer Concepts Topics 12 4.1 Introduction to the Operating System (OS) and the OS Functions…continued Functions: Software Updates and Security software often needs to be updated as program fixes, security enhancements, and new or modified device drivers become available Paradigm Publishing, Inc. Computer Concepts Topics 13 4.2 Popular Operating Systems for Computing Systems Computing platform: the combination of hardware architecture and software design that allows applications to run When you purchase a new computing device, an operating system is preinstalled so that the device will work when you turn it on Paradigm Publishing, Inc. Computer Concepts Topics 14 4.2 Popular Operating Systems for Computing Systems…continued Windows: created by Microsoft Corporation; the most popular operating system Paradigm Publishing, Inc. Computer Concepts Topics 15 4.2 Popular Operating Systems for Computing Systems…continued Mac OS: a proprietary OS created by Apple, Inc. Paradigm Publishing, Inc. Computer Concepts Topics 16 4.2 Popular Operating Systems for Computing Systems…continued UNIX: an operating system that has been around since the late 1960s and is designed for servers Linux: created by Linus Torvalds in 1991 and is based on UNIX open source program: the source code is available to the public and can be freely modified or customized Paradigm Publishing, Inc. Computer Concepts Topics 17 CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING 1 1. Which of the following is NOT a function of the operating system? a. b. c. d. 2. Provides a user interface Booting Configures hardware devices Manages memory 4. Soft boot Virtual memory Driver Plug and Play Paradigm Publishing, Inc. Which of the following is NOT one of the popular operating systems for standalone computers? a. b. c. d. This term describes the process of automatically installing a device driver when new hardware is plugged into the computer. a. b. c. d. 3. Computer Concepts iOS Windows UNIX Linux Linux is based on which other operating system? a. b. c. d. Windows Mac OS X UNIX Chrome OS Topics 18 4.3 Popular Operating Systems for Mobile Devices Mobile operating system: an operating system designed specifically for a mobile device apps: small application programs managed by a mobile OS the OS is stored on a ROM chip designed to manage hardware and applications with less memory than a personal computer operating system, yet runs fast and efficiently often manages input from a touchscreen and/or voice command and routes data to/from wireless connections including web browsing Paradigm Publishing, Inc. Computer Concepts Topics 19 4.3 Popular Operating Systems for Mobile Devices…continued Android: the OS is based on Linux, making it an open source OS currently enjoys the highest market share for mobile devices Open Handset Alliance: a consortium of several mobile technology companies of which Google is a member Android Open Source Project (AOSP): led by Google and maintains and develops Android Paradigm Publishing, Inc. Computer Concepts Topics 20 4.3 Popular Operating Systems for Mobile Devices…continued iOS: developed by Apple as the mobile operating system for its iPhone, iPod Touch, and iPad Paradigm Publishing, Inc. Computer Concepts Topics 21 4.3 Popular Operating Systems for Mobile Devices…continued BlackBerry OS: developed by Research in Motion (RIM) as the operating system designed for BlackBerry devices Paradigm Publishing, Inc. Computer Concepts Topics 22 4.3 Popular Operating Systems for Mobile Devices…continued Windows Phone: developed by Microsoft as the mobile operating system that replaced its earlier OS, Windows Mobile, which was used on Windows smartphones live tiles stream updates to the user’s mail, calendar, and web apps Paradigm Publishing, Inc. Computer Concepts Topics 23 4.4 Embedded Operating Systems and Cloud Operating Systems Embedded operating system: smaller and interacts with fewer resources to perform specific tasks fast and reliably Paradigm Publishing, Inc. Computer Concepts Topics 24 4.4 Embedded Operating Systems and Cloud Operating Systems…continued Windows Embedded: a family of operating systems based on the familiar Windows operating system designed for use in a variety of devices Embedded Linux: applications that can be found running smart appliances, in-flight entertainment systems, personal navigation systems, and a variety of other consumer and commercial electronics Android: an operating system based on Linux and is a popular choice for electronic devices beyond smartphones such as tablets, set-top boxes, and netbooks Paradigm Publishing, Inc. Computer Concepts Topics 25 4.4 Embedded Operating Systems and Cloud Operating Systems…continued Cloud operating systems: operating systems that operate like a virtual desktop web-based operating systems: not true operating systems (such as Windows) because you still need a standalone operating system on the computer you are using to access the web browser Paradigm Publishing, Inc. Computer Concepts Topics 26 4.4 Embedded Operating Systems and Cloud Operating Systems…continued iCloud: Apple’s iCloud is built into every new iOS device Paradigm Publishing, Inc. Computer Concepts Topics 27 4.4 Embedded Operating Systems and Cloud Operating Systems…continued Chrome OS: Google’s Chrome OS is a Linux-based operating system available on specific hardware called Chromebooks Paradigm Publishing, Inc. Computer Concepts Topics 28 CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING 2 1. This mobile operating system currently enjoys the highest market share. a. b. c. d. 2. 3. iOS BlackBerry OS Windows Phone Android a. b. c. d. This mobile operating system displays a live tile interface. a. b. c. d. 4. Android Windows Phone BlackBerry OS iOS Paradigm Publishing, Inc. This term describes an operating system designed for a device that performs a specific task, such as an ATM or a GPS. This term describes an operating system that operates like a virtual desktop where you access all files and applications using a web browser. a. b. c. d. Computer Concepts Open source operating system Embedded operating system Cloud operating system Standalone operating system Server operating system Embedded operating system Standalone operating system Cloud operating system Topics 29 4.5 Utilities in Your OS Package for Maintaining System Performance Windows Explorer: the file manager in Windows 7 File Explorer: the file manager in Windows 8 Folder: a placeholder name for the location where you want to store related files Paradigm Publishing, Inc. Computer Concepts Topics 30 4.5 Utilities in Your OS Package for Maintaining System Performance…continued Disk Cleanup: a Windows utility that allows you to scan a particular storage device or drive to select various types of files to be deleted Paradigm Publishing, Inc. Computer Concepts Topics 31 4.5 Utilities in Your OS Package for Maintaining System Performance…continued Fragmentation: the clusters needed for a document are not stored adjacent to each other Disk defragmenter: rearranges the fragmented files back together to improve file retrieval speed and efficiency Paradigm Publishing, Inc. Computer Concepts Topics 32 4.5 Utilities in Your OS Package for Maintaining System Performance…continued Backup utility: a program that allows you to back up selected files or an entire disk to a removable storage medium Restore utility: open if you need to copy files from backup storage to a disk drive to recover the original state of the files Paradigm Publishing, Inc. Computer Concepts Topics 33 4.6 Using Operating System Tools to Troubleshoot Computer Problems Action Center: a good place to begin when something is not working Paradigm Publishing, Inc. Computer Concepts Topics 34 4.6 Using Operating System Tools to Troubleshoot Computer Problems…continued System Restore: a way for you to turn back the clock to when the computer was functioning normally Paradigm Publishing, Inc. Computer Concepts Topics 35 4.6 Using Operating System Tools to Troubleshoot Computer Problems…continued Help and Support: operating systems offer extensive help and support that you can search to find answers to most questions and issues Paradigm Publishing, Inc. Computer Concepts Topics 36 CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING 3 1. This utility program is used to remove unwanted files from your computer. a. b. c. d. 2. 3. Windows Explorer Disk Defragmenter Optimize Drives Disk Cleanup a. b. c. d. This utility program is used to increase disk efficiency by rearranging files that have been split up. a. b. c. d. 4. Optimize Drives Disk Defragmenter Disk Cleanup Windows Explorer Paradigm Publishing, Inc. Open this window to view messages that describe issues the OS has detected. You can undo a recent change made to your computer, such as installing a new driver, by opening this window. a. b. c. d. Computer Concepts Help and Support Action Center System Restore Windows Explorer Disk Cleanup Windows Explorer Help and Support System Restore Topics 37 Chapter Summary After successfully completing this chapter, you are now able to: Identify system software and describe the role an operating system fulfills in computer operations List and describe the major functions of operating system software Identify the operating systems in use for personal computers and mobile devices Explain the purpose of an embedded operating system and a cloud operating system Describe and explain common utility programs used to maintain a computer Use troubleshooting tools found in the operating system to solve computer problems Paradigm Publishing, Inc. Computer Concepts Topics