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Course title: Geometry Course Description: The course provides the student with the skills and knowledge of concepts needed to solve mathematical and real world problems in geometry. Students will used geometric models and measurement to solve problems, explain processes and justify solutions. Topics include right triangle theory, trigonometry, polygons and area, and volume, coordinate geometry, and coordinate transformations. Course Prerequisites: There are no prerequisites for this course. Major Objectives or Topics: Use deductive reasoning to draw conclusions; Apply geometric properties to solve problems; Compare, contrast and analyze properties of geometric figures; Use various techniques of measurement to calculate area, circumference, perimeter, volume or two and three-dimensional figures. Materials: Computer, internet access Major Assignments Overview: Using deductive reasoning Venn Diagram project Calculating volumes project End of Course Test Grading Procedures: Each lesson will be graded based upon skill mastery. Students will be asked to revise work until it meets the minimum requirements outlined by the grading rubric on each lesson. Submission Policy: Students are to complete course lessons in orders. Each day a student may post either two new lessons, or 2 revisions, or a lesson and a revision in each course. Unless permission to work on more than two lessons has been granted by the teacher, students should only work on two lessons at a time. Once a lesson is graded, students may move on to the next lesson Communication: Students may communicate with their teacher using the Teachermail. On the Student Desk, students will find links to Guidance, Technical Help, and Transcripts. Lessons: Lesson 1: Naming Geometric Elements Lesson 2: Inductive and Deductive Reasoning Lesson 3: Conditional Statements and Venn Diagrams Lesson 4: Supplementary and Complementary Angles Lesson 5: Review: Synthesize Lessons 1-4 Lesson 6: Parallelism Lesson 7: Polygons Lesson 8: Similar Polygons Lesson 9: Review: Synthesize Lessons 6-8 Lesson 10: Triangles Lesson 11: Introduction to Trigonometry Lesson 12: Pythagorean Theorem Lesson 13: Special Right Triangles Lesson 14: Review: Synthesize Lessons 10-13 Lesson 15: Circles: Chords, Radii, and Arcs Lesson 16: Circles: Circumference and Arc Length Lesson 17: Area of Circles and Sectors Lesson 18: Area of Squares, Rectangles, and Rhombuses Lesson 19: Review: Synthesize Lessons 15-18 Lesson 20: Area of Triangles, Parallelograms, and Trapezoids Lesson 21: Areas of Polygons Lesson 22: Surface Area and Volume of Spheres, Cylinders, and Cones Lesson 23: Area and Volume of Prisms and Pyramids Lesson 24: Review: Synthesize Lessons 20-23 Lesson 25: The Cartesian Coordinate System and the Distance Formula Lesson 26: Transformations Lesson 27: Proofs Lesson 28: Review: Synthesize Lessons 25-27 Lesson 29: Course Review Lesson 30: End of Course test Course Outcomes and Virginia SOL Alignment CompuHigh Lesson Lesson 1: Naming Geometric Elements Virginia SOL G.1 The student will construct and judge the validity of a logical argument consisting of a set of premises and a conclusion. This will include Lesson 2: Inductive and Deductive Reasoning a) identifying the converse, inverse, and contrapositive of a conditional statement; Lesson 3: Conditional Statements and Venn Diagrams b) translating a short verbal argument into symbolic form; c) using Venn diagrams to represent set relationships; and d) using deductive reasoning, including the law of syllogism. Lesson 12: The Cartesian Coordinate System and the Distance Formula Lesson 8: Triangles Lesson 22: Transformations G.2 The student will use pictorial representations, including computer software, constructions, and coordinate methods, to solve problems involving symmetry and transformation. This will include a) investigating and using formulas for finding distance, midpoint, and slope; b) investigating symmetry and determining whether a figure is symmetric with respect to a line or a point; and c) determining whether a figure has been translated, reflected, or rotated. Lesson 4: Supplementary and Complementary Angles Lesson 5: Parallelism Lesson 6: Polygons Lesson 4: Supplementary and Complementary Angles G.3 The student will solve practical problems involving complementary, supplementary, and congruent angles that include vertical angles, angles formed when parallel lines are cut by a transversal, and angles in polygons. G.4 The student will use the relationships between angles formed by two lines cut by a Lesson 5: Parallelism transversal to determine if two lines are parallel and verify, using algebraic and Lesson 23: Proofs coordinate methods as well as deductive proofs. Lesson 6: Polygons G.5 The student will Lesson 22: Transformations a) investigate and identify congruence and similarity relationships between triangles; Lesson 23: Proofs and Lesson 8: Triangles b) prove two triangles are congruent or similar, given information in the form of a figure or statement, using algebraic and coordinate as well as deductive proofs. Lesson 8: Triangles Lesson 9: Introduction to Trigonometry Lesson 10: Pythagorean Theorem G.6 The student, given information concerning the lengths of sides and/or measures of angles, will apply the triangle inequality properties to determine whether a triangle exists and to order sides and angles. These concepts will be considered in the context of practical situations. G.7 The student will solve practical problems involving right triangles by using the Pythagorean Theorem, properties of special right triangles, and right triangle trigonometry. Solutions will be expressed in radical form or as decimal approximations. G.8 The student will a) investigate and identify properties of quadrilaterals involving opposite sides and angles, consecutive sides and angles, and diagonals; b) prove these properties of quadrilaterals, using algebraic and coordinate methods as well as deductive reasoning; and c) use properties of quadrilaterals to solve practical problems. Lesson6: Polygons Lesson 20: The Cartesian Coordinate System and the Distance Formula Lesson 23: Proofs Lesson 6: Polygons G.9 The student will use measures of interior and exterior angles of polygons to solve problems. Tessellations and tiling problems will be used to make connections to art, construction, and nature. Lesson 12: Circles: Chords, Radii, and Arcs Lesson 13 Circles: Circumference and Arc Length Lesson 14: Area of Circles and Sectors Lesson 20: The Cartesian Coordinate System and the Distance Formula Lesson 21: Bisectors Lesson 17: Surface Area and Volume of Spheres, Cylinders, and Cones Lesson 18: Area and Volume of Prisms and Pyramids G.10 The student will investigate and solve practical problems involving circles, using properties of angles, arcs, chords, tangents, and secants. Problems will include finding arc length and the area of a sector, and may be drawn from applications of architecture, art, and construction. G.11 The student will construct a line segment congruent to a given line segment, the bisector of a line segment, a perpendicular to a given line from a point not on the line, a perpendicular to a given line at a point on the line, the bisector of a given angle, and an angle congruent to a given angle. G.12 The student will make a model of a three-dimensional figure from a two-dimensional drawing and make a twodimensional representation of a three-dimensional object. Models and representations will include scale drawings, perspective drawings, blueprints, or computer simulations. Lesson 17: Surface Area and Volume of Spheres, Cylinders, and Cones Lesson 18: Area and Volume of Prisms and Pyramids G.13 The student will use formulas for surface area and volume of three-dimensional objects to solve practical problems. Calculators will be used to find decimal approximations for results. G.14 The student will Lesson 6: Polygons Lesson 17: Surface Area and Volume of Spheres, Cylinders, and Cones Lesson 18: Area and Volume of Prisms and Pyramids a) use proportional reasoning to solve practical problems, given similar geometric objects; and b) determine how changes in one dimension of an object affect area and/or volume of the object.