Download 26 An important factor contributing to the start of the

Unit 9 – The Great Depression and World War II
Causes of the GREAT DEPRESSION:
1) Which situation was a basic cause of the Great Depression?
(1) continued increases in wages for workers
(2) excessive profits for farmers
(3) overregulation of the stock market
(4) overproduction of consumer goods
2) In the 1920s, which economic factor led to the Great Depression?
(1) lack of investment in the stock market
(2) attempt by the United States to promote free trade
(3) failure to develop new consumer goods industries
(4) overproduction of farm products and manufactured goods
3) An important factor contributing to the start of the Great Depression in the United States was
the
(1) increase in military spending
(2) failure to maintain the gold standard
(3) reduction of tariff rates
(4) uneven distribution of wealth
4) Which economic trend of the 1920s helped cause the Great Depression?
(1) rising cost of mass-produced goods
(2) increasing income tax rates
(3) falling tariff rates
(4) widening income gap between the rich and the poor
5) Which economic condition was a major cause of the Great Depression?
(1) high wages of industrial workers
(2) deficit spending by the federal government
(3) inability of industry to produce enough consumer goods
(4) uneven distribution of income between the rich and the poor
6) Which economic factor was a major cause of the Great Depression?
(1) purchase of stocks on credit
(2) increases in taxes on business
(3) reduction of tariffs on imports
(4) failure to produce enough consumer goods
7) What was one factor that led to the Great Depression?
(1) government limitations on the amount of money in circulation
(2) high wages paid by employers
(3) increases in the tax rate for corporations
(4) excessive speculation in the stock market
8) Which situation helped cause the stock market crash of 1929?
(1) excessive speculation and buying on margin
(2) unwillingness of people to invest in new industries
(3) increased government spending
(4) too much government regulation of business
9) Which heading would be most appropriate for the partial outline below?
I. ____________________________________
A. Wages lagging behind the cost of living
B. Overproduction of consumer goods
C. Excessive buying on credit
(1) Mercantilist Economic Theory
(2) Features of a Bull Stock Market
(3) Monopolistic Business Practices
(4) Causes of the Great Depression
10) Which factor contributed most to the situation shown in the cartoon?
(1) low tariff rates
(2) shortages of consumer goods
(3) nonregulation of banks
(4) creation of a national bank
Answers for Causes of the GREAT DEPRESSION:
1) 4
2) 4 3) 4
4) 4 5) 4 6) 1 7) 4 8) 1
9) 4
10) 3
Immediate Effects of the Great Depression:
1) In the 1930s, shantytowns, often called “Hoovervilles,” sprang up across the United States
because of President Herbert Hoover’s
(1) support for federal programs to provide jobs for the unemployed
(2) refusal to provide direct federal aid to the homeless
(3) efforts to help the residents return to their farms
(4) emergency relief program to provide food to the poor
2) The march of the “Bonus Army” and referring to shantytowns as “Hoovervilles” in the early
1930s illustrate
(1) growing discontent with Republican efforts to deal with the Great Depression
(2) state projects that created jobs for the unemployed
(3) federal attempts to restore confidence in the American economy
(4) the president’s success in solving social problems
3) What was the most likely cause of the election results shown on the map?
(1) Most voters blamed President Herbert Hoover for the Great Depression.
(2) It is difficult to defeat an incumbent president.
(3) Franklin D. Roosevelt had more business experience than Herbert Hoover.
(4) Republican Party popularity had been declining for several elections.
4) One difference between the administrations of President Franklin D. Roosevelt and President
Herbert Hoover is that Roosevelt was
(1) unwilling to allow government agencies to establish jobs programs
(2) unable to win congressional support for his economic program
(3) able to ignore economic issues for most of his first term in office
(4) more willing to use government intervention to solve economic problems
7) Which conclusion is best supported by the information on the graph?
(1) The level of automobile production remained constant.
(2) The average American family found the automobile too expensive to purchase.
(3) By 1929, most of the automobiles in the world were produced in the United States.
(4) Changes in economic conditions led to changes in automobile production.
Answers for the Immediate effects of the Great Depression:
1) 2 2) 1 3) 1 4) 4 5) 4
FDR and the Supreme Court: (“Packing” the Supreme Court)
Base your answer to question 31 on the cartoon below and on your knowledge of social studies.
1) How was the situation illustrated in the cartoon resolved?
(1) The United States entered World War II after the attack on Pearl Harbor.
(2) The Supreme Court used its power of judicial review.
(3) Congress rejected the president’s plan to pack the Supreme Court.
(4) The president vetoed Congress’s attempt to reform the judiciary system.
2) To try to correct the problem shown in the cartoon, President Franklin D. Roosevelt proposed
(1) increasing the number of justices on the Supreme Court
(2) raising the salaries of federal judges
(3) reducing the Supreme Court’s use of judicial review
(4) exercising his veto power over Supreme Court decisions
3) President Roosevelt’s attempt to correct the problem shown in the cartoon resulted in
(1) the quick end of New Deal reforms
(2) resignations of several federal judges
(3) congressional rejection of the president’s proposal
(4) a decrease in the authority of the Supreme Court
4) President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s response to Supreme Court decisions that declared several
New Deal laws unconstitutional was to
(1) ask Congress to limit the Court’s jurisdiction
(2) propose legislation to increase the size of the Court
(3) demand the resignation of several justices
(4) ignore the Court’s rulings
5) What is the main idea of this cartoon?
(1) The legislative branch disagreed with the executive branch during the presidency of
Franklin D. Roosevelt.
(2) President Franklin D. Roosevelt wanted the Supreme Court to support his programs.
(3) Justices of the Supreme Court were not asked for their opinion about New Deal
programs.
(4) The three branches of government agreed on the correct response to the Great
Depression.
6) President Roosevelt responded to the situation illustrated in the cartoon by
(1) calling for repeal of many New Deal programs
(2) demanding popular election of members of the judicial branch
(3) asking voters to elect more Democrats to Congress
(4) proposing to increase the number of justices on the Supreme Court
7) This cartoon illustrates that President Franklin D. Roosevelt caused a controversy based on
(1) increased military spending in the early 1930s
(2) a plan to assume some of the powers reserved to the states
(3) efforts to counter the Dust Bowl with federal conservation measures
(4) proposals that violated the principle of separation of powers
8) Congress refused to enact President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s court-packing plan because the
plan
(1) threatened to upset the constitutional system of checks and balances
(2) entrusted too much power to the judicial branch
(3) called for an increase in income taxes
(4) required passage of a constitutional amendment
9) President Franklin D. Roosevelt tried to pack the United States Supreme Court, but Congress
did not support him. This situation is an example of
(1) Congress undermining the separation of powers
(2) the president using the unwritten constitution
(3) the use of the system of checks and balances
(4) how federalism was preserved by one branch of government
10) Which action by President Franklin D. Roosevelt challenged the principle of checks and
balances?
(1) frequently vetoing New Deal legislation
(2) trying to increase the number of justices on the Supreme Court
(3) taking over the Senate’s treaty ratification power
(4) desegregating defense industries
Answers for FDR and the Supreme Court
1) 3 2) 1 3) 3 4) 2 5) 2 6) 4 7) 4
8) 1
9) 3
10) 2
LONG-TERM RESULTS of the New Deal:
1) A lasting effect of the New Deal has been a belief that government should
(1) own the principal means of producing goods and services
(2) allow natural market forces to determine economic conditions
(3) maintain a balanced federal budget during hard economic times
(4) assume responsibility for the well-being of its citizens
Answers for LONG-TERM RESULTS of the New Deal:
1) 4
Criticism of the NEW DEAL:
1) Critics charged that New Deal policies favored socialism because the federal government
(1) took ownership of most major industries
(2) favored farmers over workers and business owners
(3) increased its responsibility for the welfare of the economy
(4) declined to prosecute business monopolies
2) The strongest opposition to President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal programs came from
(1) western farmers (3) factory workers
(2) business leaders (4) recent immigrants
3) The Supreme Court declared some New Deal laws unconstitutional because these laws
(1) overextended the power of the federal government
(2) forced the federal government into heavy debt
(3) ignored the rights of minority groups and women
(4) failed to solve the problems for which they were intended
4) How did the power of government change during the Civil War and the Great Depression?
(1) Presidential powers were expanded.
(2) Congress exerted greater leadership.
(3) The Supreme Court expanded civil liberties.
(4) Power shifted from the federal government to the states.
5) Critics of the New Deal claimed that the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) and the Social
Security System threatened the United States economy by
(1) applying socialist principles
(2) imposing unfair working hours
(3) decreasing government spending
(4) eroding antitrust laws
Answers for Criticism of the NEW DEAL:
1) 3 2) 2 3) 1 4) 1 5) 1
The “DUST BOWL”:
1) The Dust Bowl experiences of the Oklahoma farmers during the Great Depression
demonstrated the
(1) effect of geography on people’s lives
(2) success of government farm subsidies
(3) limitation of civil liberties during times of crisis
(4) result of the Indian Removal Act
2) In the 1930s, one factor that accounted for the westward migration of farmers from the Great
Plains was
(1) high farm prices
(2) new technologies
(3) the Dust Bowl
(4) the baby boom
3) In the 1930s, which geographic factor most influenced the westward migration of thousands
of people from the southern Great Plains?
(1) extended drought in farming areas
(2) excessive flooding of the Mississippi River
(3) serious earthquakes in Pacific coastal areas
(4) destructive hurricanes in the Gulf of Mexico
4) The term Dust Bowl is most closely associated with which historical circumstance?
(1) a major drought that occurred during the 1930s
(2) logging practices in the Pacific Northwest in the 1950s
(3) an increase in pollution during the 1960s
(4) the migration to the Sun Belt in the 1970s
5) Which region of the United States suffered most directly from the Dust Bowl?
(1) Southwest
(2) Pacific Northwest
(3) Rocky Mountains
(4) Great Plains
6) What were two basic causes of the Dust Bowl during the early 1930s?
(1) strip mining and toxic waste dumping
(2) overfarming and severe drought
(3) clear-cutting of forests and construction of railroads
(4) overpopulation and urban sprawl
Answers for The “DUST BOWL”:
1) 1 2) 3 3) 1 4) 1 5) 4 6) 2
What CAUSED the END of the GREAT DEPRESSION?
1) The New Deal changed political thinking in the United States because it supported the idea
that the
(1) rights of workers are less important than the interests of business
(2) Supreme Court should have an important role to play in the economy
(3) government should become more involved in the social and economic life of the
people
(4) president’s foreign policy is more important than his domestic policy
2) Which statement identifies a change in American society during World War II?
(1) Economic opportunities for women increased.
(2) Government regulation of the economy decreased.
(3) The Great Depression worsened.
(4) Racial tensions were eliminated.
3) Which event is most closely associated with the end of the Great Depression?
(1) passage of the Social Security Act
(2) beginning of World War II
(3) reelection of President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1940
(4) announcement of the Marshall Plan
Answers to Causes for the end of the Great Depression:
1) 3 2) 1 3) 2
The NEW DEAL:
1) During President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s administration, the Federal Deposit Insurance
Corporation (FDIC) and the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) were created as a way
to
(1) provide jobs to those who were unemployed
(2) raise revenue for relief and recovery programs
(3) limit risks associated with savings and investments
(4) implement the new income tax amendment
2) Which statement about Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal program is most accurate?
(1) Protective tariff rates increased.
(2) Social welfare programs were expanded.
(3) Government regulation of business was reduced.
(4) Government support of environmental conservation ended.
3) The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) and the Securities and Exchange
Commission (SEC), established during the New Deal, were important because they
(1) increased the supply of money in the economy
(2) guaranteed loans to failing businesses and banks
(3) attempted to restore public confidence in financial institutions
(4) provided grants to unemployed workers
4) The creation of the Tennessee Valley Authority is an example of
(1) federal intervention to meet regional needs
(2) state-funded regional transportation
(3) free-market capitalism
(4) laissez-faire economics
5) In the 1930s, President Franklin D. Roosevelt changed the federal government’s role in the
economy by
(1) reducing programs to help the unemployed
(2) ending efforts at trustbusting
(3) raising tariffs to protect domestic industries
(4) using deficit spending to stimulate economic growth
6) The major purpose of President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s bank holiday of 1933 was to
(1) restore public confidence in the nation’s banks
(2) reinforce strict laws to punish banks charging high interest rates
(3) reduce the number of banks to a manageable number
(4) encourage the nation’s banks to loan more money to failing businesses
“Come all of you good workers,
Good news to you I’ll tell
Of how the good old union
Has come in here to dwell . . .
Don’t scab for the bosses,
Don’t listen to their lies.
Us poor folks haven’t got a chance
Unless we organize.”
— Florence Reece,
“Which Side Are You On?”
7) This song from the 1930s expresses
(1) criticism of labor unions
(2) support for the rights of workers
(3) sympathy for Communist Party protests
(4) anger against government welfare programs
8) The National Labor Relations Act (Wagner Act) of 1935 gave labor unions the right to
(1) represent workers in collective bargaining
(2) insist on an open shop in the workplace
(3) establish quotas on immigration
(4) use blacklists and yellow dog contracts
9) The National Labor Relations Act (Wagner Act) of 1935 strengthened labor unions because it
legalized
(1) collective bargaining
(2) blacklisting
(3) the open shop
(4) the sit-down strike
10) New Deal programs such as the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) and the Works Progress
Administration (WPA) were primarily intended to help
(1) farmers
(2) homeowners
(3) businesses
(4) unemployed workers
11) The New Deal tried to solve many problems of the Great Depression by
(1) providing federal aid to many sectors of the economy
(2) reducing taxes on big business to stimulate job creation
(3) lowering federal spending to maintain a balanced budget
(4) decreasing foreign competition by raising tariffs
(4) how federalism was preserved by one branch of government
12) Which statement best illustrates a basic idea of President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal?
(1) Communism provides the only real solution to economic problems.
(2) Unemployed workers should rely on the states rather than on the federal government
for help.
(3) The United States reached its economic peak in the 1920s and is now a declining
industrial power.
(4) The economy sometimes needs public money to encourage business activity.
13) Much of the domestic legislation of the New Deal period was based on the idea that the
federal government should
(1) favor big business over labor and farming
(2) assume some responsibility for the welfare of people
(3) own and operate the major industries of the country
(4) require local communities to be responsible for social welfare programs
14) The cartoonist is commenting on President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s efforts to
(1) veto several bills sent him by Congress
(2) end New Deal programs
(3) gain quick passage of his legislation
(4) slow down the legislative process
15) The New Deal programs of President Franklin D. Roosevelt changed the United States
economy by
(1) restoring the principle of a balanced budget
(2) expanding the trustbusting practices of Progressive Era presidents
(3) encouraging greater production of agricultural goods
(4) increasing government involvement with both business and labor
Answers for The NEW DEAL:
1) 3 2) 2 3) 1 4) 1 5) 3
13) 2 14) 3 15) 4
6) 3
7) 2
8)1
9) 1
10) 4 11) 1 12) 4
World War II
US Foreign Policy Pre-WWII
1) Which statement most accurately describes the foreign policy change made by the United
States between the start of World War II (1939) and the attack on Pearl Harbor (1941)?
(1) The traditional isolationism of the United States was strengthened.
(2) The nation shifted from neutrality to military support for the Allies.
(3) War was declared on Germany but not on Japan.
(4) Financial aid was offered to both the Allied and Axis powers.
2) “Arms Sales to Warring Nations Banned”
“Americans Forbidden to Travel on Ships of Warring Nations”
“Loans to Nations at War Forbidden”
“War Materials Sold Only on Cash-and-Carry Basis”
These headlines from the 1930s reflect the efforts of the United States to
(1) maintain freedom of the seas
(2) send military supplies to the League of Nations
(3) limit the spread of international communism
(4) avoid participation in European wars
3) At the beginning of World War II, national debate focused on whether the United States
should continue the policy of
(1) coexistence
(2) containment
(3) imperialism
(4) isolationism
4) The Neutrality Acts passed by Congress in the mid-1930s were efforts to
(1) avoid mistakes that led the country into World War I
(2) create jobs for the unemployed in the military defense industry
(3) support the League of Nations efforts to stop wars in Africa and Asia
(4) help the democratic nations of Europe against Hitler and Mussolini
5) Which factor encouraged an American policy of neutrality during the 1930s?
(1) disillusionment with World War I and its results
(2) decline in the military readiness of other nations
(3) repeal of Prohibition
(4) economic prosperity of the period
6) Prior to United States entry into World War II, Congress passed the Cash-and-Carry Act of
1939 and the Lend-Lease Act of 1941. These foreign policy actions showed that the United
States
(1) gave equal support to both the Allied and Axis Powers
(2) attempted to contain the spread of communism
(3) maintained a strict policy of isolationism
(4) became increasingly drawn into the war in Europe
• Cash and Carry (1937)
• Destroyers for Naval Bases Deal (1940)
• Lend-Lease Act (1941)
7) Which change in United States foreign policy is demonstrated by the passage of these acts
prior to World War II?
(1) a shift from neutrality toward more direct involvement
(2) an effort to become more neutral
(3) a movement from isolationism to containment of communism
(4) a desire to provide aid to both Allied and Axis powers
8) Between 1934 and 1937, Congress passed a series of neutrality acts that were designed
primarily to
(1) strengthen the nation’s military defenses
(2) provide aid to other democratic nations
(3) create jobs for unemployed American workers
(4) avoid mistakes that had led to American involvement in World War I
9) The treaties signed at the Washington Conference (1921–1922) and the Kellogg-Briand Pact
(1928) were efforts to
(1) limit the spread of military dictatorships
(2) maintain peace through international agreements
(3) form new military alliances after World War I
(4) bring democratic government to eastern Europe
10) Passage of the Neutrality Acts of 1935 and 1937 indicated that the United States desired to
(1) isolate itself from conflicts in Europe and Asia
(2) form alliances to stop the aggression of dictators
(3) expand trade outside the Western Hemisphere
(4) support the policies of the League of Nations
11) In the 1930s, Congress attempted to avoid the situations that led to United States
involvement in World War I by
(1) enacting a peacetime draft law
(2) passing a series of neutrality acts
(3) authorizing the deportation of American Communist Party members
(4) relocating Japanese Americans to internment camps
12) A primary objective of United States foreign policy during the 1930s was to
(1) avoid involvement in Asian and European conflicts
(2) protect business interests in Africa through direct intervention
(3) strengthen international peacekeeping organizations
13) In the cartoon, most of the “diseases” refer to the
(1) military dictatorships of the 1930s
(2) Allied powers of World War II
(3) nations banned from the United Nations after World War II
(4) Communist bloc countries in the Cold War
14) Which action is most closely associated with the situation shown in the cartoon?
(1) signing of the Atlantic Charter
(2) passage of the Neutrality Acts of 1935–1937
(3) first fireside chat of Franklin D. Roosevelt
(4) declaration of war on Japan
15) During the early years of World War II, the Destroyer Deal and the Lend-Lease Act were
efforts by the United States to
(1) help the Allies without formally declaring war
(2) maintain strict neutrality toward the war
(3) negotiate a settlement of the war
(4) provide help to both sides in the war
“. . . The people of Europe who are defending themselves do not ask us to do their fighting. They
ask us for the implements of war, the planes, the tanks, the guns, the freighters which will enable
them to fight for their liberty and for our security. Emphatically we must get these weapons to
them, get them to them in sufficient volume and quickly enough, so that we and our children will
be saved the agony and suffering of war which others have had to endure. . . .”
— President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s “Fireside Chat,”
December 29, 1940
16) In this statement, President Franklin D. Roosevelt was asking the nation to
(1) support a declaration of war against Nazi Germany
(2) adopt a policy of containment
(3) join the League of Nations
(4) become the “arsenal of democracy”
17) Before entering World War II, the United States acted as the “arsenal of democracy” by
(1) creating a weapons stockpile for use after the war
(2) financing overseas radio broadcasts in support of democracy
(3) providing workers for overseas factories
(4) supplying war materials to the Allies
18) Why was the United States called the “arsenal of democracy” in 1940?
(1) The leaders in the democratic nations of Europe were educated in the United States.
(2) Most of the battles to defend worldwide democracy took place on American soil.
(3) The United States supervised elections in European nations before the war.
(4) The United States provided much of the weaponry needed to fight the Axis powers.
Answers for US Foreign Policy Pre-WWII
1) 2 2) 4 3) 4 4) 1 5) 1 6) 4 7) 1 8) 4 9) 2
11) 2 12) 1 13) 1 14) 2 15) 1 16) 4 17) 4 18) 4
10) 2
United States involvement in World War II:
1) What was a key challenge faced by the United States during World War II?
(1) lack of public support for the war effort
(2) fighting the war on several fronts
(3) difficulty gaining congressional support
(4) total reliance on naval power
2) Shortly after entering World War II, the United States began the Manhattan Project to
(1) work on the development of an atomic bomb
(2) increase economic production to meet wartime demands
(3) defend New York City against a nuclear attack
(4) recruit men for the military services
3) A controversial issue that resulted from World War II was the
(1) future role of the League of Nations
(2) morality of nuclear warfare
(3) commitment of troops without congressional approval
(4) civilian control of the military
Answers for United States involvement in World War II:
1) 2
2) 1
3) 2
Life on the Homefront during World War II:
1) During the first three decades of the twentieth century, what was the main reason many
African Americans left the South?
(1) The Dawes Act made free land available in the West.
(2) More factory jobs were available in the North.
(3) Many white landowners refused to accept them as sharecroppers.
(4) Racial discrimination did not occur in states outside the South.
2) Which pair of circumstances represents an accurate cause-and-effect relationship?

northern cities
(2) establishment of Jim Crow laws  beginning of Reconstruction
(3) Dred Scott decision 
(4) closing of the frontier 
1) During World War II, this poster was used primarily to
(1) contain the spread of communism
(2) create jobs for the unemployed
(3) gain financial support for the war
(4) convince women to fill vacant factory jobs
2) To help pay for World War II, the United States government relied heavily on the
(1) money borrowed from foreign governments
(2) sale of war bonds
(3) sale of United States manufactured goods to neutral nations
(4) printing of additional paper money
3) World War I and World War II brought about changes for minorities and women because
these conflicts led to
(1) the creation of new job opportunities
(2) the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment
(3) a greater number of high-level management positions
(4) greater integration in housing and schools throughout the nation
4) During World War II, posters of Rosie the Riveter were used to
(1) recruit women into wartime industries
(2) encourage women to serve in the armed forces
(3) promote women’s suffrage
(4) support higher education for women
5) During World War II, posters like this were used to
(1) prevent antiwar protests
(2) recruit more women workers
(3) convince women to enlist in the military services
(4) gain acceptance for wartime rationing programs
6) During World War II, many women experienced a change in role in that they
(1) served in military combat positions
(2) worked in jobs formerly held by men
(3) controlled most corporations
(4) chaired several congressional committees
7) Following World War II, Eleanor Roosevelt was most noted for her
(1) support of racial segregation in the United States military
(2) role in creating the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights
(3) opposition to the Truman Administration
(4) efforts to end the use of land mines
8) Which wartime policy toward Japanese Americans was upheld by the Supreme Court in its
1944 ruling in Korematsu v. United States?
(1) deportation to Japan
(2) mandatory military service
(3) denial of voting rights
(4) confinement in internment camps
9) The decision of the Supreme Court in Korematsu v. United States (1944) upheld the power of
the president during wartime to
(1) ban terrorists from entering the country
(2) limit a group’s civil liberties
(3) stop mistreatment of resident legal aliens
(4) deport persons who work for enemy nations
10) The United States Supreme Court decision in Korematsu v. United States (1944) concerned
(1) restricting freedom of the press
(2) the president’s right to use atomic weapons
(3) limiting civil liberties during wartime
(4) the right of women to serve in military combat
Base your answer to question 7 on the quotation below and on your knowledge of social studies.
“Korematsu was not excluded from the military area because of hostility to him or his race. He
was excluded because we are at war with the Japanese Empire, because the . . . authorities feared
an invasion of our West Coast and felt constrained to take proper security measures.”
—Justice Hugo Black
Korematsu v. United States, 1944
11) Which generalization is supported by this quotation?
(1) Individual rights need to be maintained in national emergencies.
(2) The Supreme Court lacks the power to block presidential actions taken during
wartime.
(3) Individual rights can be restricted under certain circumstances.
(4) Only the Supreme Court can alter the constitutional rights of American citizens.
Base your answer to question 8 on the quotation below and on your knowledge of social studies.
“. . . it is known that there are Japanese residents of California who have sought to aid the
Japanese enemy by way of communicating information . . .”
— Culbert Olson, Governor of
California, February 1942
12) This statement helped influence President Franklin D. Roosevelt to
(1) ask Congress to declare war on Japan
(2) force most Japanese Americans to leave the United States
(3) send federal troops to guard California’s capital
(4) restrict the civil liberties of Japanese Americans
13) Which federal policy was enacted during World War II and justified as a wartime necessity?
(1) a ban on German-language books
(2) internment of Japanese Americans
(3) exclusion of Chinese immigrants
(4) adoption of the quota system of immigration
14) In the 1944 case Korematsu v. United States, the Supreme Court ruled that wartime
conditions justified the
(1) use of women in military combat
(2) ban against strikes by workers
(3) limitations placed on civil liberties
(4) reduction in the powers of the president
15) During World War II, many Japanese Americans living on the West Coast were relocated to
detention centers primarily because they
(1) were known spies for Japan
(2) were seen as a security threat
(3) refused to serve in the United States military
(4) expressed their support for Italy and Germany
16) Which wartime policy toward Japanese Americans was upheld by the Supreme Court in its
1944 ruling in Korematsu v. United States?
(1) deportation to Japan
(2) mandatory military service
(3) denial of voting rights
(4) confinement in internment camps
17) Which factor contributed to the internment of Japanese Americans during World War II?
(1) labor shortage during the war
(2) influence of racial prejudice
(3) increase of terrorist activities on the West Coast
(4) fear of loss of jobs to Japanese workers
18) “. . . The Director of the War Relocation Authority is authorized and directed to formulate
and effectuate [implement] a program for the removal, from the areas designated from time to
time by the Secretary of War or appropriate military commander under the authority of
Executive Order No. 9066 of February 19, 1942, of the persons or classes of persons designated
under such Executive Order, and for their relocation, maintenance, and supervision. . . .”
— Executive Order 9102, March 18, 1942
Shortly after this executive order was signed, federal government authorities began to
(1) move Japanese Americans to internment camps
(2) deport German and Italian aliens
(3) detain and interrogate Chinese immigrants
(4) arrest the individuals who planned the attack on Pearl Harbor
19) The use of this card, issued by the federal government, was intended to
(1) help the automobile industry
(2) support the troops in wartime
(3) increase the use of gasoline
(4) decrease the cost of automobiles
20) A main purpose of government-ordered rationing during World War II was to
(1) increase foreign trade
(2) limit the growth of industry
(3) conserve raw materials for the war effort
(4) encourage women to enter the workforce
Base your answers to questions 18 and 19 on the speakers’ statements below and on your
knowledge of social studies.
Speaker A: “The current situation has necessitated that more women enter the workforce.”
Speaker B: “My family will have to get along without sugar and flour this week.”
Speaker C: “I say we should continue to support our president, even if a president has never been
elected to four terms before now.”
Speaker D: “I support the government in everything it has to do, to be sure we are safe from
fascism here at home.”
21) These speakers would have made these statements during
(1) World War I
(2) World War II
(3) the Korean War
(4) the Vietnam War
22) Which situation is Speaker B describing?
(1) destruction of crops during wartime
(2) need for importation of food products
(3) food rationing to support a war effort
(4) limitation of agricultural production through farm subsidies
23) During World War II, the federal government used rationing to
(1) hold down prices of military weapons
(2) increase educational benefits for veterans
(3) increase imports of scarce products
(4) provide more resources for the military
24) In 1944, Congress enacted the GI Bill of Rights in order to
(1) provide economic aid to veterans
(2) reduce military expenditures
(3) ban racial segregation in the armed forces
(4) create government jobs for returning soldiers
25) What was the main purpose of the GI Bill passed by Congress shortly before the end of
World War II?
(1) to offer low-interest loans to the defense industry
(2) to provide economic aid to veterans
(3) to contain the spread of international communism
(4) to expand career opportunities in the military
26) The GI Bill affected American society after World War II by
(1) eliminating child labor
(2) expanding voting rights
(3) increasing spending on space exploration
(4) extending educational and housing opportunities
27) Before ratification of the 22nd amendment in 1951, most presidents served no more than two
terms because of
(1) a federal law
(2) a Supreme Court decision
(3) the elastic clause
(4) custom and tradition
28) Since the 1950s, no United States president has run for a third term as president because
(1) vice presidents are usually eager to succeed presidents
(2) the public has not wanted a president to serve more than two terms
(3) opposition within each president’s political party has discouraged long tenure in
office
(4) a constitutional amendment was passed denying a president a third term in office
Answers for Life on the Homefront during World War II:
1) 3 2) 2 3) 1 4) 1 5) 2 6) 2 7) 2 8) 4 9) 2 10) 3 12) 3 13)4 14) 2
15) 3 16) 2 17) 4 18) 2 19)1 20) 2 21) 3 22) 2 25) 3 24) 4 25) 4 25) 2 26) 4
27) 4 28) 4
Other odds and ends:
1) Which conditions are most characteristic of an economic depression?
(1) high unemployment and overproduction
(2) large business investments and low taxes
(3) too much money in circulation and high stock prices
(4) high employment and increased real estate investments
2) The demand for German war reparations by the European Allies helps to explain the failure of
the peace settlement following
(1) World War I
(2) World War II
(3) the Korean War
(4) the Vietnam War
3) “Lincoln Suspends Writ of Habeas Corpus”
“Supreme Court Rules for Government in Draft Resister Case”
“Relocation of Japanese Americans Upheld by Supreme Court”
These headlines illustrate that during wartime
(1) the liberties of individuals can be restricted
(2) the role of the government in regulating the economy increases
(3) most Americans support participation in wars
(4) new job opportunities are created by increased demand
4) One similarity in the presidential administrations of Abraham Lincoln, Franklin D. Roosevelt,
and Lyndon Johnson is that each
(1) maintained a foreign policy of neutrality
(2) expanded the power of the presidency
(3) removed Supreme Court Justices from office
(4) decreased the size of the military
Answers for Other odds and ends:
1) 1 2) 1 3) 1 4) 2