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Name: __________________________________________ Date __________________ Class ___________ Bio 2/BIO 101 With Weiss: Bacteria Web Quest Objective: This is to introduce you to the world of bacteria! Go to the websites and answer the following questions below or on your own paper. Please visit the following website(s): https://www2.estrellamountain.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookmito.html http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/65525/binary-fission (watch the animation - you’ll need sound!) http://www.biology-pages.info/E/Eubacteria.html http://www.microbeworld.org/types-of-microbes/bacteria 1. What is a bacterium? 2. What is a prokaryote? 3. How are bacteria classified? 4. What are the three main shapes of bacterial cells? 5. How small are bacteria? 6. How do bacteria reproduce, describe the process. 7. How can one slow the reproductive process of bacteria? 8. Why are bacteria considered ubiquitous? (you might have to look up what ubiquitous means!) Please visit the following websites: http://www.diffen.com/difference/Archaea_vs_Bacteria http://www.microbeworld.org/types-of-microbes/archaea 9. How does each of the following make their energy (what type of feeder are they)? A) Methanogens – B) Halophiles – C) Thermophiles – D) Psychrophiles – 10. How are Archae bacteria different than Eubacteria? 11. How long ago did Bacteria and Archaebacteria (Archaea) diverge from a common ancestor? Please visit the following website: http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/bactcell.htm Label the parts of the bacterium: flagella, pilli, nucleoid (DNA), ribosomes, cell membrane, cell wall, capsule Please visit the following website: http://www.csun.edu/~csunmore/Prokaryotes.html Using the Venn Diagram below, list at least 2 features unique to Prokaryotes, 2 features unique to Eukaryotes and 2 features that they both share. Please visit the following websites: https://highered.mheducation.com/sites/9834092339/student_view0/chapter28/bacterial_conjugation.html http://www.scienceprofonline.com/microbiology/bacterial-genetics-plasmid-dna-conjugation-gene-transfer.html http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072556781/student_view0/chapter13/animation_quiz_1.html 12. Genetic recombination occurs in bacteria. What is conjugation or “bacterial sex?” 13. Draw the process of conjugation 14. How is transduction different? (I.e. what is involved with the genetic exchange?) 15. What is bacterial transformation? How has it been used in recent years? 16. What is the importance of bacterial exchange or sex in nature? Please visit the following website: http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/bacteria/bacterialh.html 17. What are pathogenic bacteria? 18. What do aerobic bacteria require? 19. Where do anaerobic bacteria live and what can they cause? 20. How do facultative anaerobic bacteria differ from the other two? 21. What is decomposition and how do bacteria play a role in the environment? 22. What is nitrogen fixation and why are bacteria crucial to this cycle of life? 23. What is denitrifying bacteria and why are they harmful to crops? Please visit the following websites: http://www.cellsalive.com/pen.htm http://www.microbeworld.org/interesting-facts/how-do-they-do-that/microbial-spore-formation 24. What is penicillin? How does it work? 25. What is a plasmid? How does this allow for antibiotic resistance? 26. How can some strains of bacteria, like anthrax, survive harsh, unfavorable conditions? Please visit the following website: http://www.uphs.upenn.edu/bugdrug/antibiotic_manual/Gram1.htm 27. What is a gram stain? 28. What’s the difference between a gram-positive and a gram-negative bacterial cell? Please visit this website to answer the following question: http://classes.midlandstech.edu/carterp/courses/bio225/chap04/lecture2.htm 29. What do the prefixes diplo-, strepto- and staphylo- relate to when dealing with bacteria? 30. Are there any newer/less common shapes of bacteria? Describe them.