Download Name: Date: Period: Chapter 14 Study Guide 1. By the end of the

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Chapter 14 Study Guide
1. By the end of the 1850s the two-party system in the United States:
A) was the only thing holding the nation together
B) still focused on the issues that had created the “second party system.”
C) had reduced slavery to a minor issue
D) accentuated rather than muted regional controversy
2. The first seven Southern states that seceded were:
A) in the lower South
B) the states where the largest concentration of slaves were located
C) the home of the most outspoken “fire eaters”
D) all of the above
3. Which of the following stands did President Buchanan take after the first state seceded?
A) No state has the right to secede from the Union
B) The federal government has no authority to stop a state from seceding from the Union
C) Federal troops should be called out to stop secession
D) Secession was a legal act
E) Both A & B
F) Both A & C
4. At Fort Sumter:
A) President Lincoln resupplied the federal troops in time to avoid an armed conflict
B) Major Anderson managed to withstand the bombardment of the Confederates and keep the
Fort in Union hands
C) the Confederates fired the first shot of the Civil War
D) the Union Army fired the first shots of the war
5. Which of the following was true when the Civil War began?
A) All the important material advantages lay within the North
B) The South had the active support of England
C) Southern industry was sufficient to conduct a war
D) The Union was prepared for a long war
6. Which of the following was an advantage enjoyed by the South at the onset of the war?
A) It would be fighting, for the most part, a defensive war
B) Most of the white population of the South supported the war
C) Northern opinion on the war was divided
D) All of the above
7. Historians have debated all of the following about the Civil War EXCEPT:
A) whether the slaves contributed to the Northern victory
B) whether it was an irrepressible conflict
C) whether it was really fought over the issue of slavery
D) whether the failure of the party system caused the war
8. The New York Draft Riots:
A) occurred when Irish strikebreakers were attacked by New York longshoreman
B) led to the deaths of 1000 people
C) included lynching’s of a number of African Americans
D) ended the use of conscription as a means of gaining new soldiers for the Union army
9. Which of the following was NOT enacted by the Republican Party during the Civil War:
A) A new National Bank Act
B) Increased taxes on almost all goods and services
C) Higher tariffs
D) Hard money policies requiring all payments in gold or silver
10. In which of the following acts did Lincoln not “ignore” the Constitution?
A) Sending troops into battle without asking for a declaration of war
B) Increasing the size of the regular army
C) Putting diplomatic pressure on England not to recognize the Confederacy
D) Unilaterally proclaiming a naval blockade of the South
11. During the Civil War Northern women:
A) did not become involved in the conflict
B) tried to get men they knew to stay home
C) entered nursing, a field previously dominated by men
D) did work at home but made no contribution to the needs of employers for additional labor
12. The Emancipation Proclamation freed slaves:
A) in the North as well as the South
B) in areas of the Confederacy except those already under Union control
C) and offered compensation to the masters in slave states that remained loyal to the union
D) in the South but offered to return them to masters who declared their loyalty to the Union
13. The Union Army:
A) refused to use African American soldiers in any capacity
B) refused to use African American soldiers in combat positions
C) had a higher mortality rate for black soldiers than white soldiers
D) paid black and white soldiers equally
14. The Civil War was difficult on American workers because it:
A) cut off immigration and they had to work harder
B) drove prices up and cut purchasing power
C) prevented mechanization, so they had to work longer hours
D) removed almost all women from the workplace
15. The Confederacy ultimately financed the war effort through:
A) an income tax
B) requisitions from the staples
C) paper money
D) tariffs on imported goods
16. The greatest source of division in the South was:
A) the doctrine of state’s rights
B) the difference of opinion over the war
C) the question of whether to use slaves in combat
D) over “King Cotton diplomacy”
17. The most concrete legacy of the Civil War for Southern white women was the:
A) recognition that women could do men’s work and the opening of more employment
opportunities
B) elevation in status they enjoyed when the slaves were freed
C) decimation of the male population and the creation of a major sexual imbalance in the region
D) the loss of status when the slaves were freed
18. In England, which of the following supported the South:
A) Unenfranchised classes
B) Ruling class
C) Liberals
D) English manufactures
19. Baseball:
A) was primarily a popular pastime among Northern soldiers
B) was invented by Abner Doubleday
C) was played in front of crowds as large as 40,000 during the war
D) was still a game for gentlemen only during the war
20. The United States was upset when England declared neutrality because:
A) it meant that England might aid the South
B) in meant that the two sides in the conflict were of equal stature
C) the South could easily get English loans
D) such a declaration usually led to diplomatic recognition
21. The first battle of the Civil War was:
A) Shiloh
B) the Seven Days
C) First Bull Run
D) Wilson’s Creek
22. The bloodiest engagement of the Civil War was fought at:
A) Antietam
B) Gettysburg
C) Atlanta
D) Chickamauga
23. Sherman’s march through Georgia was designed to:
A) find supplies for the union armies in Virginia
B) free the slaves in central Georgia
C) get Lincoln reelected
D) break the will of the Southern people
24. King Cotton diplomacy:
A) enabled the South to get all the war material it needed from Europe
B) worked for most of the war
C) was a failure
D) worked for the North
25. In the Indian territory in the West the Civil War:
A) was hardly felt
B) was seen as a war between whites, and the Indians did not care who won
C) resulted in something of a civil war all its own
D) allowed the Indians to force the united States to give them better treaty terms.
26. Why did both the South and North experience rioting during the Civil War?
A) in the South over easing slave codes; in the North over jailing dissidents
B) on both sides, over military regulations like the draft and economic controls
C) in the South over food; in the North over the draft
D) on both sides, over centralization of political power
27. During the Civil War, southern women played an especially important part as:
A) managers of farms and plantations
B) typists and telegraph operators
C) members of auxiliary units of the armed forces
D) replacements for men in the South’s light industries
28. The United States Congress during the Civil War:
A) could do little because of the absent southern representatives
B) due to a lack of funds neglected legislation not directly related to the war
C) played a major role in choosing and firing generals to lead the Union forces
D) adopted a tariff, a homestead law, and a transcontinental railroad
29. The key event that guaranteed Lincoln’s re-election in 1864 was:
A) the fall of Vicksburg to General Grant
B) the capture of New Orleans by Admiral Farragut
C) the defeat of Lee’s army by General Meade at Gettysburg
D) the successful defense of Nashville by General Thomas against repeated Confederate
counterattacks
E) the fall of Atlanta to General Sherman
30. The final Union war strategy included all of the following components EXCEPT:
A) guerilla warfare
B) undermining the Confederate economy
C) a naval blockade
D) seizing control of the Mississippi River
31. In foreign affairs, President Lincoln’s most significant achievement was his success in:
A) gaining the support of eh czar or Russia for the United States cause
B) negotiating the demilitarization of the Canadian-American boundary
C) meeting the challenge of the Monroe Doctrine in Mexico
D) restraining foreign powers from recognizing the Confederacy
E) establishing claims to islands in the pacific
32. The Battle of Antietam:
A) the bloodiest single day’s fighting of the war
B) a victory for General Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia
C) a proof to President Lincoln of the inspired leadership of General McClellan
D) all of the choices are correct
33. During the Civil War, northern black leaders such as Frederick Douglass worked as army
recruiting agents because they believed that:
A) it was the best way to prevent blacks from being drafted
B) blacks were more resistant to the diseases that ravaged white soldiers in the garrisons
C) blacks would get to see their loved ones in the South only by fighting for the Union
D) black participation in the army would be a step toward black citizenship
34. Lincoln’s plan for the besieged federal forces in Fort Sumter was
A) to order the soldiers there to attack the surrounding Confederate army
B) to send about 3,000 soldiers and marines to reinforce the fort
C) to make a symbolic show of support and then withdraw the forces
D) to provision the garrison but not to reinforce it
35. The firing on Fort Sumter had the effect of
A) pushing ten other states to join South Carolina in seceding from the Union
B) causing Lincoln to declare a war to free the slaves
C) strengthening many Northerners’ view that the South should be allowed to secede
D) arousing Northern support for a war to put down the South’s “rebellion”
36. Lincoln at first declared that the war was being fought
A) only to save the Union and not to free the slaves
B) in order to end slavery only in the Border States
C) in order to restore the Missouri Compromise
D) only to punish South Carolina for firing on Fort Sumter
37. In the Indian Territory (Oklahoma), most of the “Five Civilized Tribes”
A) supported the Confederacy
B) supported a war for the Union but not a war against slavery
C) sent many young warriors to fight for the Union cause
D) tried to stay neutral in the “white man’s war”
38. Among the potential advantages the Confederacy possessed at the beginning of the Civil War
was
A) a stronger and more balanced economy
B) a stronger navy
C) better-trained officers and soldiers
D) a larger reserve of manpower
39. The South’s weapon of “King Cotton” failed to draw Britain into the war on the side of the
Confederacy because
A) the British discovered that they could substitute flax and wool for cotton
B) the British were able to grow sufficient cotton in their own land
C) the British found sufficient cotton from previous stockpiles and from other sources like Egypt
and India
D) the threat of war with France distracted British attention for several years
40. The success of the Confederate raider Alabama highlighted the issue of
A) Northern inferiority on the high seas
B) Britain’s un-neutral policy of allowing Confederate ships to be built in its naval yards
C) the British navy’s ability to break the Union blockade of Southern ports
D) the superiority of Confederate ironclad ships over the Union’s wooden vessels
41. Lincoln argued that his assertion of executive power and suspension of certain civil liberties
was justified because
A) it was necessary to set aside small provisions of the Constitution in order to save the Union
B) the South had committed even larger violations of the Constitution
C) during wartime a president has unlimited power over the civilian population
D) he had indicated that he would take such steps during his campaign for the presidency
42. Women made particular advances during the Civil War by
A) advocating the right to vote for both African-Americans and women
B) entering industrial employment and providing medical aid for soldiers on both sides
C) pushing for women to take up noncombatant roles in the military
D) upholding the feminine ideals of peace and reconciliation
43. One effect of the first Battle of Bull Run was
A) to convince the North that victory would not be difficult
B) to increase the South’s already dangerous overconfidence
C) to demonstrate the superiority of Southern volunteer soldiers over Northern draftees
D) to cause a wave of new Southern enlistments in the army
44. The Union blockade of Confederate ports was
A) initially leaky but eventually effective
B) challenged by the powerful navies of Britain and France
C) immediately effective in capturing Confederate blockade-running ships
D) largely ineffective in shutting off the sale of Confederate cotton in Europe
45. Officially, the Emancipation Proclamation freed only
A) slaves who had fled their masters and joined the Union Army
B) slaves under control of the rebellious Confederate states
C) slaves in the Border States and in areas under Union Army control
D) slaves in Washington, D.C.
46. The thousands of black soldiers in the Union Army
A) added a powerful new weapon to the antislavery dimension of the Union cause
B) were prevented from participating in combat
C) seldom fought effectively in battle
D) saw action in the very first days of the war
47. Grant’s capture of Vicksburg was especially important because
A) it quelled Northern peace agitation and cut off the Confederate trade route across the
Mississippi
B) it ended the threat of a Confederate invasion of southern Illinois and Indiana
C) it blocked the French army in Mexico from moving to aid the Confederacy
D) it destroyed Southern naval power
48. The “Copperheads” were
A) Northern Democrats who opposed the Union was effort
B) Republicans who opposed the Lincoln administration
C) Democrats who backed the Union but opposed a war against slavery
D) radical Republicans who advocated a war to destroy slavery and punish the South
49. Sherman’s march “from Atlanta to the sea” was especially notable for
A) its tactical brilliance against Confederate cavalry forces
B) its effective use of public relations to turn Southern sympathies against the Confederacy
C) its brutal use of “total war” tactics of destruction and pillaging against civilian populations
D) its impact in inspiring Northern public opinion to turn against slavery
MATCHING PEOPLE, PLACES, and EVENTS
_____ Napoleon III
_____ Charles Francis Adams
_____ Canada
_____ Maximilian
_____ New York City
_____ Britain
_____ Abraham Lincoln
_____ Jefferson Davis
_____ Elizabeth Blackwell
_____ Clara Barton
A. American envoy whose shrewd diplomacy helped keep
Britain neutral during the Civil War
B. An Old World aristocrat, manipulated as a puppet in
Mexico, who was shot when his puppet-master deserted him
C. An inexperienced leader in war but a genius at inspiring
and directing his nation’s cause
D. Leader whose conflict with states’ rights advocates and
rigid personality harmed his ability to mobilize and direct his
nation’s war effort
E. Nations whose upper class hoped for Confederate victory,
while it working classes sympathized with the antislavery
North
F. Slippery French dictator who ignored the Monroe Doctrine
by intervening in Mexican politics
G. Site of cross-border raids and plots by Southern agents and
anti-British Americans during the Civil War
H. Helped transform nursing into a respected profession
during the Civil War
I. Scene of the largest Northern anti-draft riot in 1863
J. First woman physician, organizer of the United States
Sanitary Commission
IDENTIFICATION
_______________
1. Four Border States where secession failed but slavery still survived.
_______________
_______________
_______________
_______________
_______________
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_______________
_______________
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_______________
_______________
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2. The effective Northern effort to strangle the Southern economy and
de-throne “King Cotton
3. A ship from which two Confederate diplomats were removed,
creating a major crisis between London and Washington
4. Vessel built in Britain that wreaked havoc on Northern shipping until
it was finally sunk in 1864
5. Provision established by Congress in 1863, after volunteers ran out,
that provoked violent protests in Northern cities
6. Medical occupation that gained new status and employment
opportunities because of women’s Civil War service
7. First major battle of the Civil War, in which untrained Northern
troops and civilian picnickers fled back to Washington
8. Key battle of 1862 that forestalled European intervention to aid the
Confederacy and led to the Emancipation Proclamation
9. Crucial Confederate fortress on the Mississippi whose fall to Grant in
1863 cut the South in two
10. Pennsylvania battle that ended Lee’s last hopes of achieving victory
through and invasion of the North
11. Northern Democrats who opposed the Civil War and sympathized
with the South
12. Georgia city captured and burned by Sherman just before the
election of 1864
13. Washington site where Lincoln was assassinated by Booth on April
14, 1865
14. Virginia site where Lee surrendered to Grant in April 1865
MATCHING CAUSE AND EFFECT
CAUSE
_____ South Carolina’s assault on
Fort Sumter
_____ Lincoln’s first call for troops
to suppress the “rebellion”
_____ Lincoln’s careful use of moral
suasion, politics, and military force
_____ The large Northern humanresources advantage
_____ The North’s naval blockade
and industrial superiority
_____ The British aristocracy’s
sympathy with the South
_____ American minister C.F.
Adam’s diplomacy
_____ Grant’s victory at Vicksburg
_____ The class-biased unfairness of
the Civil War draft
_____ Lincoln’s belief that the Civil
War emergency required drastic
action
EFFECT
A. Split the South in two and opened the way for
Sherman’s invasion of Georgia
B. Enabled Northern generals to wear down Southern
armies, even at the cost of many lives
C. Unified the North and made it determined to preserve
the union by military force
D. Eventually gave the Union a crucial economic
advantage over the mostly agricultural South
E. Deterred the British and French from recognizing and
aiding the Confederacy
F. Caused four more Upper South states to secede and
join the Confederacy
G. Kept the Border States in the Union
H. Led the British government toward actions that aided
the Confederacy and angered the Union
I. Led to riots by underprivileged Northern white,
especially Irish-Americans
J. Led to temporary infringements on civil liberties and
Congress’s constitutional powers
MATCHING PEOPLE, PLACES, and EVENTS
_____ Bull Run
_____ George McClellan
_____ Robert E. Lee
_____ Antietam
_____ “Stonewall” Jackson
_____ George Pickett
_____ Ulysses S. Grant
_____ Gettysburg
_____ Vicksburg
_____ William T. Sherman
_____ Clement Vallandigham
_____ Salmon P. Chase
_____ The Wilderness
_____ Andrew Jackson
_____ John Wilkes Booth
A. Daring Southern commander killed at the Battle of
Chancellorsville
B. Southern officer whose failed charge at Gettysburg marked
“the high water mark of the Confederacy”
C. Ruthless Northern general who waged a march through
Georgia
D. Fortress whose capture split the Confederacy in two
E. Site where Lee’s last major invasion of the north was
turned back
F. Gentlemanly top commander of the Confederate army
G. Site of one of Grant’s bloody battles with the Confederates
near Richmond in 1864
H. Crucial battle in Maryland that staved off European
recognition of the Confederacy
I. Ambitious secretary of the treasury who wanted to replace
Lincoln as president in 1864
J. Fanatical actor who act of violence actually harmed the
South
K. Union commander who first made his mark with victories
in the West
L. Southern War Democrat who ran as Lincoln’s “Union
party” vice-presidential candidate in 1864
M. Notorious Copperhead, convicted of treason, who ran for
governor of Ohio while exiled to Canada
N. Union general who repudiated his party’s Copperhead
platform and polled 45 percent of the popular vote in 1864
O. Site of union defeat in very early battle of the war