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Let’s Review: The Third Unit Global History and Geography I Name: ____________________ E. Napp Date: ____________________ During the Third Unit of the Global History and Geography I curriculum, students were introduced to belief systems that shaped many of the cultures and regions of our world. Can you define the following terms from the Third Unit of our study? Animism: _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Polytheism: _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Shintoism: _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Kami: _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Zoroastrianism: _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Monotheism: _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Judaism: _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Torah: _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Ten Commandments (Moral and Ethical Rules): _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Christianity: _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Emperor Constantine: _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Islam: _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Koran (Qu’ran): _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Five Pillars of the Faith: _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Hegira (Hijra): _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Mecca: _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Jihad: _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Hinduism: _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Caste System: _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Reincarnation: _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Ganges River: _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Buddhism: _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Four Noble Truths: _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Nirvana: _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Eightfold Path: _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Jainism: _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Ahimsa: _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Confucianism: _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Five Relationships: _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Filial Piety: _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Examination System: _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Daoism: _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Legalism: _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Regents Multiple-Choice Questions from the Third Unit of Study: 1- In China, the development of civil service examinations and a belief in filial piety reflect the influence of (1) Shinto (2) Jainism (3) Confucianism (4) Buddhism 2- Which belief system is most closely associated with the terms Eightfold Path, Four Noble Truths, and nirvana? (1) Buddhism (3) Judaism (2) Christianity (4) Shinto Base your answer to question 3 on the passage below and on your knowledge of social studies. …The actual journey to Mecca (Makkah) began on the fifth of Dhu al-Hijjah, 1393 (the 29th of December, 1973, according to the Gregorian calendar), at Beirut International Airport, but it was not until the afternoon of the seventh that I donned (put on) the Ihram (robe) and drove along on the road from Jiddah to Mecca. The road was crowded with cars, buses, and trucks all packed with pilgrims chanting the Hajj refrain, the Talbiyah…” 3- This passage describes the experience of a follower of (1) Christianity (2) Islam (3) Hinduism (4) Judaism 4- Confucianism had a strong impact on the development of China mainly because this Philosophy (1) established a basic structure for military rule (2) provided a basis for social order (3) contained the framework for a communist government (4) stressed the importance of the individual 5- Which belief is most closely associated with the philosophy of Confucianism? (1) nirvana (3) prayer (2) reincarnation (4) filial piety Base your answer to question 6 on the passage below and on your knowledge of social studies. . . . He who, being of weak faculties [abilities], develops the wisdom of the first path with a dull insight is reborn seven times at most; after seven rebirths in states of bliss he will make an end of misery: he who develops it with medium faculties and insight is a roamer; after two or three rebirths he will make an end of misery: he who develops it with keen faculties and insight takes root but once, only one human birth will he pass through and make an end of misery. . . . — Charles W. Eliot, ed., Sacred Writings, Vol II, P.F. Collier & Son, 1910 6- Which belief system is described in this passage? (1) Buddhism (2) Christianity (3) Islam (4) Confucianism 7- One similarity between animism and Shinto is that people who follow these belief systems (1) practice filial piety (2) worship spirits in nature (3) are monotheistic (4) are required to make pilgrimages 8- Which pair of belief systems share a belief that spirits reside in natural objects and forms? (1) Hinduism and Confucianism (2) Islam and Judaism (3) Shintoism and animism (4) Christianity and Buddhism Base your answer to question 9 on the illustration below and on your knowledge of social studies. Everyone had duties and responsibilities, depending on his or her position in a relationship. 9- The illustration shows the relationship between individuals in a society according to the ideas of (1) Confucius (2) Moses (3) Mohammad (4) Siddhartha Gautama 10- Which factor most influenced a person’s social position in early Indian societies? (1) education (2) birth (3) geographic location (4) individual achievement Base your answer to question 11 on the passage below and on your knowledge of social studies. 1. In the name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful. 2. Praise be to Allah, The Cherisher and Sustainer of the Worlds; 3. Most Gracious, Most Merciful; 4. Master of the Day of Judgement. 5. Thee do we worship, And Thine aid we seek. 6. Show us the straight way, 7. The way of those on whom Thou hast bestowed Thy Grace, Those whose (portion) Is not wrath, And who go not astray. — ‘Abdullah Y¯ usuf ‘Al¯l, ed., The Meaning of The Holy Qur’¯ an, Amana Publications, 1999 11- Which concept is best reflected in this passage? (1) baptism (3) monotheism (2) karma (4) animism 12- Which belief is shared by Hindus and Buddhists? (1) Everyone should have the same social status. (2) People should pray five times a day. (3) The soul can be reincarnated. (4) Material wealth is a sign of the blessing of the gods. 13- Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris, the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem and the Great Pyramid in Egypt are examples of 1. 2. 3. 4. architectural accomplishments that reflect religious beliefs the influence of Buddhist architecture on conquered nations ancient architectural monuments no longer in use the influence of cultural diffusion on contemporary architecture Base your answers to questions 14 and 15 on the diagram below and on your knowledge of social studies. 14- Which concept is illustrated in the diagram? (1) manorialism (2) apartheid (3) caste (4) encomienda 15- Which religion or belief system is most closely associated with the social class system illustrated in the diagram? (1) Hinduism (3) Catholicism (2) Daoism (4) animism 16- Judaism, 1. 2. 3. 4. Islam, and Christianity share a belief in the central authority of the Pope a prohibition of the consumption of port reincarnation and the Four Noble Truths monotheism and ethical conduct 17- “When I go to the office, I put on my shirt and I take off my caste; when I come home, I take off my shirt and I put on my caste.” What is the main idea of this quotation? 1. 2. 3. 4. the caste system continues to influence Indian society the caste system has been reflected by most Indians successful urban workers in India belong the same Caste the Indian government officially supports the Caste system 18- According the teachings of Confucius, the key to the successful organization of society is that 1. 2. 3. 4. the ruler should be chosen democratically the evil in humans must be eliminated ancestor worship should be discontinued individuals should know and do what is expected of them \ 19- In Japan, the martial arts, the tea ceremony, and flower arranging best reflect the influences of 1. 2. 3. 4. imperialism and militarism Buddhism and Shintoism capitalism mercantilism 20- A person who practices the Shinto faith would be most likely to 1. 2. 3. 4. visit a shrine placed on the shore of a lake pray five times a day bathe in the Ganges River make a pilgrimage to Jerusalem 21- Taoism and Shintoism are similar in that both religions stress 1. 2. 3. 4. adhering to the five Confucian relationships following the Eightfold Path developing harmony between humans and nature believing in one God 22- One similarity between the Five Pillars of Islam and the Ten Commandments is that both 1. 2. 3. 4. support a belief in reincarnation promote learning as a means to salvation encourage the use of statues to symbolize God provide a guide to proper ethical and moral behavior 23- One way in which Eastern Orthodoxy, Roman Catholicism, and Protestantism are similar is that each 1. 2. 3. 4. accepts the supreme authority of the Pope rejects the Old Testament as part of the Bible is a branch of Christianity was once the official religion of the Byzantine Empire 24- The Koran, jihad, and the hegira are most closely associated with the practice of 1. 2. 3. 4. Islam Judaism Shinto Buddhism 25- The Buddhist religion teaches that salvation is earned by 1. 2. 3. 4. following the Ten Commandments worshiping Allah as the one true god learning to give up selfish desire being baptized and confirmed 26- Confucianism in traditional China served to 1. 2. 3. 4. maintain social order create ethnic unrest emphasize material wealth support democratic government 27- Traditional animistic beliefs in Africa, Asia, and Latin America are based on 1. 2. 3. 4. a desire for wealth a written tradition an appreciation for the forces of nature a willingness to accept Christianity 28- Jewish religions and cultural identity has been greatly influenced by 1. 2. 3. 4. Ramadan and the concept of reincarnation the Torah and the Diaspora the New Testament and the Four Noble Truths the Koran and the code of bushido 29- In India, the Caste system determined a person’s occupation, personal associations, and marriage partner. This situation shows that the Caste system 1. 2. 3. 4. has helped eliminate ethnic and religious rivalries has promoted social mobility within Indian society has been stronger in urban areas that in rural areas has been a way of life as well as an element of religion 30- Which values are most closely associated with the fundamental principles of Buddhism? 1. 2. 3. 4. competition and financial success maintaining the caste system and providing education for all people practicing nonviolence and giving up worldly desires self-determination and democracy 31- “From as early as I can remember, the Emperor was an important presence even in our remote home. He was a descendant of the gods from thousands of years before, never to be looked at or listened to by mere mortals, a presence to be revered and protected and obeyed…Finally…, my family and neighbors gathered around the radio and listened in stunned silence to the voice that had never before been heard, saying he was only human after all. Everyone was crying. I was sad and confused…” The attitudes toward the Emperor expressed in this passage were based in the traditions of 1. 2. 3. 4. Shintoism Christianity Islam Judaism 32- “Beginning with childhood, all of man’s study is centered on one aim alone — to emerge successfully from the three days’ examination — and all he has in his mind is what success can bring to him in terms of power, influence, and prestige.” -Ye Shib, Chinese scholar This quotation refers to the Chinese 1. 2. 3. 4. civil service system social welfare system contemplation of nature religious practices 33- One way in which the Vedas, the Bible, and the Koran are similar is that these religious books 1. 2. 3. 4. provide guidelines to govern the behavior of believers deny the existence of a supreme being who rules the universe encourage strife between segments of believers support political rebellions to overthrow existing governments