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END OF COURSE Constitution AND UNITED STATES HISTORY Practice EOC Directions Read each question carefully and choose the best answer. Then mark the space on your answer document for the answer you have chosen. SAMPLE Which speech is associated with the Civil Rights Movement? A B “Great Society” “I Have a Dream” C “Berlin Wall” D “A Day in Infamy” 3 1 2 Which of the following was the source for a colonial New England covenant community? A B C The Mayflower Compact The Magna Carta The Bill of Rights D The Declaration of Independence One result of the first Great Awakening was — F a renewed interest in religion G H the revival of the Salem witch hunts a move to limit religious freedom J the founding of free Bible colleges 3 During the debate over the ratification of the Constitution of the United States, Federalists and Anti-Federalists disagreed most often over — A B provisions for admitting new states to the union distribution of power between the President and the Supreme Court C use of an electoral college system to choose the President D division of powers between the national government and the states 4 4 5 Conflict between American Indians (First Americans) and European settlers most often resulted from the different ways each culture viewed — F G H religious practices political systems land ownership J family relationships Slavery was introduced to the British colonies to provide labor for — A plantations B C factories shipbuilding D lumbering 5 6 British gained territory Proclamation of 1763 issued Results of the ? Stamp and Sugar Acts passed Which of these completes the title for this diagram? 7 F French and Indian War G H Second Continental Congress Articles of Confederation J Monroe Doctrine George Washington was an effective military commander because he — A B C won more battles than he lost using well-trained troops preserved the army through his leadership skills negotiated alliances with the leaders of other nations D prevented attacks against major population centers 6 8 The power which first recognizes the independence of the Americas will be the one to gather all the fruits of this war. — Benjamin Franklin Which nation followed this advice and allied with the colonies? F G Austria France H J Russia Spain 7 9 It is to be regretted that the rich and powerful too often bend the acts of government to their selfish purposes . . . . The humble members of society—the farmers, mechanics, and laborers, . . . have a right to complain of the injustice of their government. — President Andrew Jackson, 1832 According to the passage, what kind of government did President Andrew Jackson support? A B C Aristocracy Democracy Oligarchy D Anarchy 8 10 1824 election: Close vote throws election to the House of Representatives. Andrew Jackson loses to John Quincy Adams. Property qualifications for voting eliminated, allowing more men to vote for President. 1828 election: Four times as many men vote in the election of 1828 than voted in 1824. Andrew Jackson defeats John Quincy Adams. The events in this flow chart illustrate which of the following? F G H Decreasing voter turnout The rise of the common man in American politics The decline of American political parties J Political corruption in elections 11 In the mid-1800s, which group supported high tariffs to raise the price of imported manufactured goods? A B C Western gold miners and cattle ranchers Southern plantation owners Northern factory owners and workers D Great Plains wheat farmers 9 12. Which of these would have been MOST likely to be a significant part of the Middle colonies' economy in 17th century North America? F shipbuilding G tobacco farming H rice plantations J indigo plantations 13 Which of these was a result of President Andrew Jackson’s bank veto? A Panic of 1837 B C Annexation of Texas Compromise of 1850 D Election of Abraham Lincoln 10 14 "Move On!" Has the native American no rights that the naturalized American is bound to respect? 1) The author of this cartoon, Thomas Nast, would have been MOST LIKELY to oppose which of these 19th century laws? F 14th Amendment G 15th Amendment H The Dawes Severalty Act J The Chinese Exclusion Act 15 Missouri’s admission to the Union started the debate over — A B C the right of deposit at New Orleans funding for internal improvements the balance between slave and free states D the relocation of American Indians (First Americans 16 During the colonial era, the American south developed very few urban areas, which resulted in a F system of slavery and forced labor. G poverty stricken region of peasants. H strong network of roads that connected isolated areas. J low instance of banking, finance, and law-related professions. 17 During the Civil War, which major event occurred at Appomattox Court House? A B C The South divided into two sections. The Union declared war on the South. The Army of Northern Virginia surrendered. D The North gained control of the Mississippi River. 12 18 D a i l y N e ws D a i l y N e ws Emancipation Proclamation Issued Abraham Lincoln Elected President 1 3 D a i l y N e ws D a i l y N e ws South Carolina Secedes Confrontation Occurs at Fort Sumter 2 4 In which order did the events in these headlines occur? F 2, 1, 3, 4 G H J 3, 2, 4, 1 3, 4, 2, 1 4, 2, 3, 1 13 19 Following the Civil War, which event was most responsible for speeding westward movement? A B C Immigration from southern Europe Completion of the Transcontinental Railroad Emancipation of slaves in the South D Elimination of federal military forces 20 Compromise of 1877 • Southern Democrats support electoral college vote • Military occupation of the South is ended • ? Which of the following completes the list? F G H Impeachment of Andrew Johnson Emancipation Proclamation End of Jim Crow era J Conclusion of Reconstruction 15 21 In 1896, the Supreme Court ruled in Plessy v. Ferguson that — A B C Congress did not have the authority to levy an income tax labor strikes which caused hardships for Americans were unconstitutional separate but equal facilities for African Americans were legal D American Indians (First Americans) must reside on reservations 22 Which statement best represents what the cartoon is trying to state? F Immigration from southern and eastern Europe was encouraged. G Legislation was passed to reduce the number of immigrants from eastern and southern Europe. Force was used to keep immigrants from entering the United States. Southern and eastern Europeans were the only ones interested in coming to the United States. H J 16 23 Urban Populations, 1880−1910 City 1880 1890 1900 1910 Detroit 116,340 205,876 285,704 465,766 Pittsburgh 156,389 238,617 321,616 533,905 Which of these contributed most to the changes shown in the table? A B C Growth of suburbs Settlement of the frontier End of slavery in the South D Industrialization in the North 24 Investigative journalists of the early 20th century who exposed social and political corruption were known as — F G progressives muckrakers H reformers J exploiters 17 25 How did union strikes contribute to rising racial tensions in the 1920s? A Blacks were allowed to join most unions. B Unions could not negotiate with management. C Factory owners would hire blacks as strikebreakers. D Immigrants joined unions at a greater rate than others. 26 Why did American industrialists in the late 19th century generally support expansion into overseas colonies? F G H They believed that these regions would benefit from democratic government. These areas would provide new sources of raw materials and customers. Antitrust laws did not apply to American territories overseas. J American colonies would increase tariff revenues. 27 Which of the following best describes President Woodrow Wilson’s foreign policy at the beginning of World War I? A Imperialistic B Militaristic C Neutral D Socialist 18 28 Labor Union Membership 1900-1920 5,500 5,000 Total Membership (in thousands) 4,500 4,000 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0 1900 1905 1910 1915 1920 Year All of the following contributed to the trend shown in the graph EXCEPT — F G H J increasing industrialization poor worker-management relations discontent with working conditions a decline in the population 29 One of the main issues that the New Deal addressed was — A air pollution B C urban crime trade deficits D unemployment rate 19 30 Prior to entering World War II, the United States’ reaction to aggression in Asia was to — F G H impose an embargo on oil and steel shipments to Japan end all American aid to China through lend-lease supply military troops and equipment to Korea J direct members of the League of Nations to take action 20 Courtesy of NARA (ARC # 533999) 31 This poster was intended to persuade African Americans to — A B C protest the segregation of military units protest the low wages paid in the war industry encourage integration of industrial hiring practices D contribute labor to support the war effort 21 32 [African-American] combat units, upon completion of training, have not been sent to theaters of operations. . . . The personnel transferred from these . . . units is reduced in morale. The commissioned and enlisted personnel . . . can only look forward to another period of . . . preparation. They can hardly hold out . . . hope for an opportunity for combat. — General Benjamin O. Davis, November 9, 1943 Based on this quotation, African-American soldiers during World War II — F G lacked the proper training refused to join units headed to overseas duty H wanted to serve in battle J protested the integration of military units 33 All of the following were effects of the Great Depression of the 1930s EXCEPT — A B C bankruptcies growth in agriculture bank closings D high unemployment 22 34 What was the primary cause of the African-American migration to cities in the early 1940s? F G H Crop failures from drought Passage of the Civil Rights Act Desegregation of the South J Job opportunities in war plants 35 Why is the Harlem Renaissance of major importance in American History? A The government finally passed a law banning slavery. B The area of New York was rebuilt after a devastating fire. C It brought the African-American experience into the cultural conscious of the country. D After it was over, African-Americans finally won the right to vote and participate in government. 36 The Geneva Convention established rules governing — F trade between nations G H monetary exchange rates treatment of prisoners of war J production of atomic weapons 23 37 Compulsory exclusion of large groups of citizens from their homes, except under circumstances of direct emergency . . . is inconsistent with our basic governmental institutions. But when under conditions of modern warfare our shores are threatened . . . the power to protect must be [equal to] . . . the threatened danger. — Korematsu v. United States, 1944 This Supreme Court decision was used to — A B C end immigration from Germany uphold African-American segregation limit trade with communist China D justify Japanese-American internment 38 The United States government dealt with the press during World War II by — F banning the use of film coverage about the war G H requiring basic training for correspondents during the war limiting the ability of the media to report about the war J encouraging journalists to spy on civilians during the war 24 39 Which of these statements about the Nuremberg Trials is most accurate? A B C The trials focused on high-ranking Japanese officials. The trials were not covered by the media in the United States. The trials held German officers responsible for war crimes. D The trials denied financial compensation to Jewish victims. 40 The United Nations was created with the hope of establishing — F G H industrial development global peace political reformation J economic equality 25 41 ? Finland Norway Sweden Denmark Ireland Netherlands Uniited Kingdom Belgium East Germany Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Poland West Germany Czechoslovakia Luxembourg France y Austria Hungary Romania Switzerland Yugoslavia Italy Portugal Spain Greece N W Bulgaria Albania E S Africa Which of the following would be the best title for this map? A B C Europe Before World War I Europe During the Great Depression Europe After World War II D Europe After the Cold War 26 Turkey 42. In the United States, the Red Scare of 1919 and the McCarthy Era of the early 1950’s were periods of F. severe economic depression G. widespread support for groups promoting international anarchy H. great growth in art, literature, and music J. persecution of people suspected of holding anti-American political views 27 43 All of the issues listed here are aspects of A The Cold War. B The G.I. Bill. C The Fair Deal. D The Bonus Army. 28 44 Ask not what your country can do for you — ask what you can do for your country. This quotation is from the inaugural address of President — F G John Kennedy Richard Nixon H Ronald Reagan J Lyndon Johnson 45 The United States’ policy of "containment" during the Cold War held that it was of vital importance to keep Communism from spreading. In which conflict was containment successful? A the Korean War B the Vietnam War C the Cuban Missile Crisis D the Communist Revolution 46 Martin Luther King, Jr.’s strategy during the Civil Rights Movement emphasized — F G H organizing non-violent mass protest promoting self-help through education creating a political coalition with organized labor J challenging discrimination through the courts 29 47 Prohibited discrimination based on race and national origin Prohibited discrimination based on religion and gender ? Prohibited segregation of public facilities Which of these events best completes this diagram? A B C D Passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 Brown v. Board of Education Decision Passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 Bakke v. the California Board of Regents Decision 30 48 Copyright © Wally McNamee/CORBIS Image # WL001950 Antiwar Protest This scene depicts opposition to United States involvement in — F G H Korea Germany Cuba J Vietnam 49 Which of the following resulted from President John F. Kennedy’s efforts to make the United States the leader in space exploration? A B The United States launched the first rocket into space. The first man to travel in space was an American. C The United States launched the first successful satellite. D The first man to walk on the moon was an American. 31 50 By the 1960s, women in American society A were more likely to be enrolled in college than men. B abandoned traditional gender roles, resulting in a population decline. C tended to enter professional careers rather than assume traditional female work roles. D tended to be work outside the home, but for lower wage than men with similar qualifications. 51 What effect did the Watergate scandal have on Richard Nixon’s administration? A B C It allowed him to change foreign policy. It forced him to resign from office. It convinced him that election reform was necessary. D It prevented him from being reelected. 52 The phrase “triumph of democracy over communism” best describes which of the following? F G World War I World War II H Cold War J Persian Gulf War 32 53 The majority of recent immigrants to the United States have come from what two regions? A B C Africa and Europe Asia and Australia Asia and Latin America D Africa and Latin America 33 54 Mean Income by Degree Earned, 2001 United States Dollars (thousands) 160 140 120 Legend 100 Women 80 Men 60 40 20 0 High Bachelor’s Master’s Doctorate Professional School or Equivalent Highest Degree Earned Based on the information in this graph, in comparison to men, women in the work force — F G H have more education bear more responsibility hold less desirable jobs J receive lower salaries 34 55 Excerpts from the Declaration of Independence He has dissolved Representative Houses repeatedly. He has forbidden his Governors to pass laws of immediate and pressing importance. He denies citizens a trial by jury. He has kept among us, in times of peace, standing Armies without consent. This portion of the Declaration of Independence represents Thomas Jefferson’s — A B C proposal for governmental structure support for establishing a monarchy list of grievances against the king D interpretation of national self-government 56 George Mason most influenced the Constitution of the United States by supporting the — F G H addition of the Bill of Rights Three-Fifths Compromise provision for the District of Columbia J Supremacy Clause 35 57 Inability to collect taxes Lack of executive to enforce the law ? Inability to regulate trade Which of these best completes the title to this diagram? A B C Problems With Great Britain That Led to the War of 1812 Reasons for Tension Between the States Prior to the Civil War Factors That Led to the American Declaration of Independence D Weaknesses of the Government Under the Articles of Confederation 58 Which historical event best demonstrates the operation of checks and balances? . F. President George Washington used the Army to suppress a tax rebellion by Pennsylvania farmers G. South Carolina seceded from the Union over the issues of slavery and States rights. H. President Dwight D. Eisenhower sent Federal troops to enforce the integration of public schools in Little Rock, Arkansas J. The Senate approved the appointment of Clarence Thomas to the Supreme Court. 36 59 No man shall be compelled to frequent or support any religious worship . . . whatsoever; . . . all men shall be free to profess . . . their opinion in matters of religion . . . the same shall in no wise diminish, enlarge, or affect their civil capacities. — Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom, 1786 The ideas expressed in the excerpt were later included in the — A B C D First Amendment to the Constitution Emancipation Proclamation Gettysburg Address Brown v. Board of Education decision 60 That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or abolish it, and to institute new Government . . . . — The Declaration of Independence According to this statement, government is held accountable by the — F king G H J church citizens laws 34