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Algonquin College
1385 Woodroffe Ave
Ottawa, Ontario
K2G-1V8
(613)727-4723 ext.5138
Governance History Main Threads
History Of Africa
Provided by Ottawa Carleton District School Board
Last updated: July 12, 2007
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College, unless otherwise noted or linked. Statistical data and background information has been
collected from the CIA World Factbook, public domain reference materials, and (where identified)
external resources.
Curriculum and Lesson Plans have been created by partner School Boards [as identified]. These
lesson plans and associated resources (photo, video, audio, etc.) are free for use to all teachers
within the partner Boards in the delivery of the Ontario K-12 Curriculum. While every effort has
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Expedition Africa at (613)727-4723 ext. 5138 or email [email protected]
Small World Big Picture, Expedition Africa 2006
Table of Contents
Summary of Lesson Plan
Summary of Lesson Plan ................... 2
Subject Areas ...................................... 3
Unit ....................................................... 3
Length of Unit ..................................... 3
Activity Number .................................. 3
LESSON OBJECTIVES ....................... 3
This lesson introduces students to the
history of the African continent in order to
understand the modern day governance of
African nations. The enclosed activities are
based on providing a basic overview of the
following 3 time periods: Pre-colonialism,
Colonialism, and Post-colonialism.
MOTIVATION ....................................... 3
MATERIALS ......................................... 4
INSTRUCTIONAL PLAN ..................... 5
#1 Brainstorm ............................. 5
#2 Maps ...................................... 5
#3 Connecting ............................ 6
#4 Suggested reading topics and
analysis topics ............................ 6
This lesson plan may identify specific
resources to support certain activities.
While the expedition team will attempt to
gather all the required resources, we cannot
guarantee that all photo, audio; video will be
captured as listed.
Feedback Page.................................... 8
Governance History Main Threads – History Of Africa
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Small World Big Picture, Expedition Africa 2006
Subject Areas
Intermediate Social Studies, Grade 10 Civics and Canadian History, Grade 11 Canadian
Law and World History, Grade 12 International Law, Politics, World Issues, World
History
Unit
History of Africa – linking to modern day Africa and Canadian History
Length of Unit
Depending on ability of individual teachers to build some or all of the following activities
into their class curriculum.
Activity Number
4 activities
NB: Activities 1 & 2 can stand alone. Activities 3 & 4 require background knowledge.
Depending on the course you are teaching and your particular areas of study may or
may not be viable. Activities 3 & 4 can be used to engage in an exploratory discussion
of concepts or become an in-depth case study for your course.
LESSON OBJECTIVES (Students will learn)
~ Introduce students to the history of the African continent in order to understand the
modern day governance of African nations. The following activities are based on
providing a basic overview of the following 3 time periods: Pre-colonialism, Colonialism,
Post-colonialism.
~ Enable students to draw parallels between the history of indigenous peoples of Africa
and Canada.
~ Enable students to put into practice their mapping skills.
~ Enable students to put into practice their research skills.
~ Enable students to put into practice their writing skills.
~ Develop student’s analytical skills in drawing comparisons/ties between historical
concepts.
MOTIVATION (Hook)
Introducing the Expedition Africa project through the Expedition Africa Legacy
website. Brainstorm on any parallels in African and Canadian history.
LESSON TIME
Depends on which of the 4 activities individual teachers choose to implement.
Governance History Main Threads – History Of Africa
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Small World Big Picture, Expedition Africa 2006
MATERIALS (Requirements)
Activity #
Activity
Resources needed
Activity 1
Activity 2
Brainstorm
Glossary:
Imperialism and
colonialism
Chalkboard/Whiteboard Regular classroom
Internet or textbooks
Computer lab or
library
Preparing maps
Activities 3&4
(based on teachers
preferences and
background
knowledge)
Connecting
concepts in history
and analysis
Preferred
location
Maps:
Computer lab or
(A) Africa – continent (2 library
class sets – the same
map front/back)
(B) Egypt, Sudan,
Ethiopia, Kenya,
Tanzania, Zambia,
Botswana, Lesotho,
South Africa (3 copies
of each nation).
Textbook information,
paper copy of articles,
on-line articles, films
etc…
Governance History Main Threads – History Of Africa
Classroom, library
or computer lab
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Small World Big Picture, Expedition Africa 2006
INSTRUCTIONAL PLAN
#1 Brainstorm
As a class brainstorm about students present knowledge of Africa and African nations
history and people. Discuss which media mediums and other sources of information
have been the basis of student knowledge thus far. From this jumping off point begin
the following activities to facilitate a basic knowledge of key aspects of African history.
#2 Maps
Identify the following 3 time periods and begin mapping out concepts essential to the
history of Africa. The following can be done with any or all regions of Africa – for the
intents of this project we will focus on East African nations on the East Africa Expedition.
PRE-COLONIALISM: Map is to focus on the multicultural aspect of African tribes and
civilisations which to this day contribute to the diversity of African nations. The objective
is for students to appreciate the ethnic diversity within modern day borders.
Organize 10 groups, one for each of the following nations : Egypt, Sudan, Ethiopia,
Kenya, Tanzania, Malawi, Zambia, Botswana, Lesotho, South Africa. These can be then
posted on bulletin board in class as a map of East Africa Expedition – to follow along for
the semester / term.
Each group receives a blank map of their nation. Each group must research via the
Internet the Ethnic groups within their nation.
Final product: Map which includes the following criteria : Title, Date of map
information, Source of Map information, Legend identifying the main ethnic groups within
the nation at hand. Groups will then present their maps to the class by focussing on 3
particular areas of interest based on their research.
COLONIALISM: Map is to focus on the colonisation of the continent of Africa. Each
student receives a map of Africa with nations labelled. Each student must research via
the Internet or textbook, if one is available, which European nation colonized which
African regions and the new borders established through this process. *A reading on
the Berlin Conference 1884-1885 will prove helpful.
Final Product: Map which includes the following criteria: Title, Date of map
information, Source of Map information, Legend identifying the colonial powers over
each African nation. This map will be used in conjunction with other activities listed
below.
POST-COLONIALISM: Map is to focus on the identification of the Government regimes
in present day Africa. Each student receives a map of Africa with nations labelled. In 5
small groups students will research the modern day government regime for their region
of Africa: North West, North East, Central, South West, South East – using a map
teacher will clarify which countries are included in each region.
Final Product: Map which includes the following criteria: Title, Date of map
information, Source of Map information, Legend identifying the type of government
Governance History Main Threads – History Of Africa
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Small World Big Picture, Expedition Africa 2006
regime in place: Democracy, Authoritarian regimes: dictatorship, monarchy, oligarchy
(religious, military). Based on their research students may decide to create or change
the categories listed, as long as the class comes to a consensus on what the categories
are – this in itself will lead to discussion about whether some nations are more difficult to
classify due to civil unrest etc… Each group will present their findings to the class and
based on the presentations, all students will complete their own map of Africa with
modern day government regimes. This map activity can be used in conjunction with
other activities listed in this document, as well as the activities for the Unit on
Government regimes.
#3 Connecting
- Concepts relating to the History of Africa and the History of Canada
PRE-COLONIALISM:
Compare diversity of First Nations of Canada and diversity of Ethnic groups in Africa
Missionaries and the movement to convert “savages” in Canada and African regions
(indigenous spirituality, Christianity and Islam)
European contact – Africa & Canada
Indigenous oral history and European written history
COLONIALISM:
Cultural Assimilation policies within Canada and African Nations
Exploitation of Natural Resources (non-indigenous wealth)
POST-COLONIALISM:
Self-determination – success and challenges for First Nations of Canada and African
nations
Standard of life in African nations, and standard of life of First Nations in Canada
(literacy, access to education, drinking water, poverty, abuse)
Compare immigration and emigration within African nations and Canada
Discuss multiculturalism within African nations and Canada
#4 Suggested reading topics and analysis topics
Tribalism in Africa & European racist theories
First Nations & Canadian government racism
Slavery (human exports, human imports, underground-railway)
Berlin Conference 1884-1885 (European Colonialism – dividing the continent of Africa)
Discussion topics leading to Argumentative paragraph writing:
(i) Many factors can explain the on-going political instability in African nations.
(ii) Many parallels can be drawn between the experiences of the indigenous peoples of
Africa and North America.
(iii) Human rights violations were the result of many policies undertaken by the
Europeans in Africa and the Canadian government vis a vis First Nations.
(iv) The exploitation of natural resources leads to the exploitation of Indigenous peoples
in Africa and Canada.
(v) It is problematic studying the history of Indigenous peoples in Africa and Canada due
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Small World Big Picture, Expedition Africa 2006
to the cultural tradition of oral history, and the fact that our studies are generally based
on the written histories written by Europeans.
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Small World Big Picture, Expedition Africa 2006
Feedback Page
Please provide us with your feedback on this lesson and/or its available resources. We
welcome suggestions for improvements, additional methodologies, and/or new
resources you may have found to support the lesson(s).
If you would like to submit your own lesson plan(s) or curriculum idea(s) please contact
your school board representative listed at http://www.algonquincollege.com/africa
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Lesson Plan Title:
Governance History Main Threads – History Of Africa
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