Download File - Mrs. Minks Social Studies

Mrs. Minks
World History
Peyton High School
List some terms other people would use to describe
Colorado. Then, list ways you might describe people in
New York. How do different states and regions in the
U.S. vary?
 Greece occupies a small area about the size of
Louisiana
 Consists of small plains and river valleys surrounded
by high mountain ranges
 Rivalry between independent communities led to
warfare
 Long seacoast with many harbors led to spread of
Greek civilization
 5th century BCE Greece was dominated by two main
powers
 Democratic Athens &
 Military oligarchy of Sparta
 Sparta was great land power
 Controlled many neighboring territories
 Populations were tied to land as slaves
 Athens power was based on command of sea
 Head of naval alliance (Delian League)
Athens
Sparta
 Approximately 140,000
 Approximately 40,000 men
 Approximately 8,000




were citizens
Slaves were about 40,000
By 432 BC, Athens had
become the most populous
city-state in Hellas.
In Athens and Attica, there
were at least 150,000
Athenians,
Around 50,000 aliens, and
more than 100,000 slaves.
Spartiates (adult male
citizens) ruled over a
population of 100,000
enslaved and semienslaved people.
Athens
 Direct democracy
 Elected
officials including
10generals (strategos),
magistrates (archons),
and others.
 Council of 500 was
charged with
administering decisions
made by the Assembly.
Sparta
 Oligarchy w/ few
elements of monarchy,
democracy, and
aristocracy
 Two kings who were
generals in command of
the armies and with
some religious duties.
 Five overseers (ephors)
elected annually
Athens
 The Assembly open to
all citizens
 Citizens were paid
for jury service
 Women did not
participate in the
political life of Athens.
Sparta
 Council or
Senate(apella) of 28
councilmen acted as
judges and proposed
laws to the citizens'
assembly.
 The Assembly open to
men over 30
 Women did not
participate
Athens
Sparta
 Freemen were all male
 Three classes:
citizens
 Divided into numerous
classes:
 Aristocrats
 Farmers
 Thetes
 Metics
 Slaves
 Spartiates
 Perioeci
 Helots
 Women had few rights
but were more
independent in Sparta
then anywhere else in
Greece
Athens
Sparta
 Delian League
 Peloponnesian League
 Athens taxed and
 Sparta the most powerful
protected other city
states
in the league
Athens
Sparta
 Strong navy
 Strong army, best and
most feared fighters in
the land
Athens
Sparta
 Democratic values for
 Militaristic values.
 Children of citizens were
citizens.
 Athenians believed in
their cultural superiority
raised to be "Spartan”
 Not permitted to own gold
or silver or luxuries.
 Taught to respect elderly,
women, and warriors.
 Spartan mothers would say
to their sons, "Either come
back with your shield or on
it"
Athens
Sparta
 Boys: reading, writing and
 Boys : taken from parents at age





mathematics, music, poetry,
sport and gymnastics.
From age 5 to 14 for poor, 5 –
18 for the rich
Rich could go to academy
where they would also study
philosophy, ethics, and
rhetoric
Boys entered a military
training camp for two years,
until the age of twenty.
Girls learned domestic art



seven and trained in the art of
warfare.
At age 20 placed into higher
ranks of the military.
To age 30 they were dedicated to
the state; then they could marry
but still lived in barracks with
other soldiers.
They were educated in choral
dance, reading and writing, but
athletics and military training
were emphasized.
Girls educated at age 7 in
reading, writing, gymnastics,
athletics and survival skills.
Athens
Sparta
 Women and girls kept at home
 Girls educated in reading




with no participation in sports
or politics.
Wives were considered property
of their husbands.
Responsible for spinning,
weaving and other domestic arts
Some women held high posts in
the ritual events and religious
life of Athens (where the
goddess Athena was the patron).
Prostitutes and courtesans were
not confined to the house.
and writing and could
participate in sports
 Treated more as equals to
men.
 Goal was to produce
women who would
produce strong healthy
babies.
 Could own and control
own property
Athens
Sparta
 Art
 Military supremacy
 Architecture
 Simple lifestyle
 Drama and literature
 Major inspiration behind
 Philosophy, science,
medicine
 Government
(democracy, trial by
jury)
the philosopher Plato's
book 'The Republic' - the
first attempt to
formulate an 'ideal'
community.
Athens
Sparta
 Food: Athenians
 Food: Spartan Broth
enjoyed luxuries and
foods from all over their
empire. Wealthy
Athenian homes were
quite nice with an inner
courtyard.
consisted of pork, blood,
salt and vinegar.
Spartans were trained to
dislike luxuries and
fancy foods. The men
lived most of their lives
in military barracks.