Download AL COS #

Chemistry CP CRT Study Guide Fourth Quarter 2015
This is not the test. This is a guide to the type of question that will appear on the test.
#
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
What type of solution that contains all of the solute it can hold at a
Saturated
given temperature?
What type of solution that contains less solute than it is able to hold at a Unsaturated
given temperature?
What type of solution that contains more solute than it can hold at a
Supersaturated
given temperature?
What is the term for a solution in which water is the solvent?
Aqueous
What term describes two liquids that can be mixed together but
Immiscible
separate shortly after you cease mixing them?
What term describes two liquids that are soluble in each other?
Miscible
What is the substance that is dissolved in a solution?
Solute
What is the substance that dissolves a solute to form a solution?
Solvent
What explains the solubility of ionic substances in water?
Water is polar.
From a graph be able to determine solubility.
Does increasing temperature generally increase the solubility of a solid Yes
solute in a solvent?
What is the effect on the rate of solution if the surface area of a solid is Speeds the rate of solution
increased?
When a gas is dissolved in a liquid, what factor will increase the rate of Decrease temperature
solution?
What factors will speed up the dissolving of a solid solute in water?
Heat the solution, grind up the
solute, stir the solution
15.
A chemist is having some difficulty getting a yellow crystalline Crush the solid into a fine
solid compound to dissolve in water. What strategies might she powder, heat the solution,
employ to increase the solubility of the solid?
and stir the solution
vigorously
16.
17.
18.
What is a neutralization reaction?
Acid + Base ->salt and water
What type of acids and bases produce only a few ions in solution?
Weak
What term refers to the ease with which an acid or base forms ions in Strength
solution?
What type of solution contains more hydrogen ions than it does
Acidic
hydroxide ions?
Know the pH Scale.
What is the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration
pH
known as?
What are the substances produced when KOH (aq) neutralizes HCl (aq) ? H2O (l) and KCl (aq)
NaOH
Given: H2O, NaOH, HC2H3O2, or CH4, choose the strong base.
What are the products of the neutralization reaction between sodium Na2SO4 and H2O
hydroxide and sulfuric acid?
What is the molarity of a solution made by dissolving 34.0 g of sodium 1.16M
chloride (NaCl) in enough water to make 500 mL of solution?
Calculate the molarity of a water solution of KCl, given that 2.50 L of 1.88M
the solution contains 350 g of KCl.
What would the final volume of a solution be if 25.0 mL of a 1.0 M
50mL
stock solution is diluted to 0.50 M?
What is the molarity of a solution containing 9.0 moles of a solute in 18M
500.0 mL of solution?
What would the final volume of a solution be if 6.0 mL of a 0.050 M 15mL
stock solution is diluted to 0.020 M?
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
Page 1 of 5
Chemistry CP CRT Study Guide Fourth Quarter 2015
This is not the test. This is a guide to the type of question that will appear on the test.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
What is the molarity of an aqueous solution that contains 14.2 g NaCl
dissolved in 2000.0 mL of the solution?
If 40.0 ml of a 0.400 M solution of HCl is diluted to 50.0 ml, what will
the final molarity be?
What is a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction
without being used up?
What is the primary reason an increase in temperature results in an
increase in the reaction rate?
0.121M
What is the minimum energy required for an effective collision?
What is a substance that slows down chemical processes with out
being used up?
From a diagram determine what is the activation energy.
How does a catalyst increases the rate of a chemical reaction?
Activation energy
Inhibitor
0.320M
A catalyst
By raising the kinetic energy of
the reacting particles raises both
the collision frequency and the
collision energy.
What would slow down the rate of a chemical reaction?
Decrease the temperature of the
reaction.
What will increase the reaction rate?
Increase the concentration of
the reactants & increase the
surface area of the reactants
What will happen to the rate of reaction if the surface area of reactants The reaction rate is generally
is increased?
higher
What will happen to the rate of reaction if the temperature is lowered? The reaction rate is generally
lower
What must occur in order for gas particles to react?
They must collide
By lowering the activation
energy of the reaction
If 2.50 moles of potassium chlorate are used, how many moles of water 3.44
would be produced?
8 KClO3 + C12H22O11  8 KCl + 12 CO2 + 11 H2O
How many moles of potassium chlorate are required to produce 18.0 0.727
g of water?
8 KClO3 + C12H22O11 8 KCl + 12 CO2 + 11 H2O
If 22.0 g of carbon dioxide are produced, how many grams of sugar 14.3
(C12H22O11) were used?
8 KClO3 + C12H22O11  8 KCl + 12 CO2 + 11 H2O
Ammonia (NH3) is used to make fertilizer. If you have 1.00 x 10 3g
1.21 x 103 g
of N2 how many grams of ammonia can be produced?
N2 + 3H2  2NH3
Calculate the number of moles in 350.0g of potassium chlorate
2.855 mol
(KClO3).
Determine the molar mass of KC2H3O2.
98.1
Given 3.25 mol of AgNO3, determine the number of formula units.
1.96 x 1024
How many atoms of Cu are in 3.00 moles?
1.81 x 1024 atoms
How many grams of CCl4 are in 6.00 moles? The formula mass of
923 g
carbon tetrachloride is 153.8 g/mol.
How many hydrogen atoms are there in 1.0 x 102 g of glucose,
4.0 x 1024
C6H12O6?
How many moles are in 2.1 X 1024 molecules of water?
3.5
Page 2 of 5
Chemistry CP CRT Study Guide Fourth Quarter 2015
This is not the test. This is a guide to the type of question that will appear on the test.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
66.
67.
How many moles of CH3Br could be made from 3.0 moles of PBr3 and 9.0
excess CH3OH?
3 CH3OH + PBr3  3 CH3Br + P(OH)3
54.0 g
In the equation HCl + KOH  KCl + H2O, how many grams of
water are produced if 3.00 moles of HCl are used?
One in a series of reactions that inflates airbags in automobiles is the 64.6 g
decomposition of sodium azide
(NaN3). 2 NaN3 (s)  2 Na (s) + 3 N2 (g)
Determine the mass of N2 produced if 1.00 x 102 g NaN3 is
decomposed.
What is the correct molar mass of Ca(OH)2 ?
74 g
What is the formula mass of (NH4)3PO4 ?
149 amu
The molar mass of CO2 is 44 g/mol. How many moles are present in 2.5 mol
110 g?
The molar mass of H2O is 18.015 g/mol. How many moles of water 0.20 mol
are present in 3.6 g?
The molar mass of NH3 is 17.0 g/mol. How many grams of NH3 are
59.5 g
present in 3.50 moles?
What volume of oxygen is needed to completely combust 3.23 L of
6.46 L
methane gas (CH4)?
CH4 (g) + 2 O2 (g) CO2 (g) + 2 H2O (g)
The following reaction :2Hg + O2  2HgO can be classified as what Synthesis reaction
type of reaction?
Given the following combustion reaction of a hydrocarbon, balance the 6
equation and determine the coefficient of H2O.
C4H6 + O2  CO2 + H2O
What are the coefficients to correctly balance the formula equation?
1,6,2,3
Al2(SO4)3 + KOH  Al(OH)3 + K2SO4
What are the coefficients to correctly balance the formula equation?
2,3,3,2
Cr + Fe(NO3)2  Fe + Cr(NO3)3
The following reaction : Cr + Fe(NO3)2  Fe + Cr(NO3)3, can be Single replacement reaction
classified as what type of reaction?
68.
The following reaction : H2O  H2 + O2 can be classified as what Decomposition reaction
type of reaction?
69.
What is the balanced equation when magnesium reacts with iron (II)
nitrate?
Mg + Fe(NO3)2  Fe +
Mg(NO3)2
70.
A compound is composed of 82.68% mercury, (Hg), and 17.32%
nitrogen, (N). What is the compound's empirical formula?
Determine the empirical formula for a compound that contains 35.98%
aluminum and 64.02 %sulfur.
Find the empirical formula of a compound that is 39.12 % C, 8.76% H,
and 52.12% O.
What is the empirical formula for a compound that is 27.3 % C and
72.7 % O?
HgN3
A compound contains 40.0% C, 6.71% H, and 53.29% O by
mass. The molar mass of the compound is 60.05 amu. The
molecular formula of this compound is ____.
C2H4O2
71.
72.
73.
74.
Al2S3
C3H8O3
CO2
Page 3 of 5
Chemistry CP CRT Study Guide Fourth Quarter 2015
This is not the test. This is a guide to the type of question that will appear on the test.
75.
76.
Find the empirical formula of a compound that is 65.45 % C,
C3H3O
5.45% H, and 29.09% O.
Find the empirical formula of a compound that is 53.5 g C, 15.7 g C2H7N
H, 31.1 g N.
77.
Methane (CH4) contains 75% carbon. What percentage of methane is
hydrogen?
25%
78.
Find the percent composition of MgS.
43.1%Mg , 56.9%S
79.
Find the percent composition of CaC2.
62.5%Ca, 37.5 C
80.
81.
Find the percent composition of KClO4.
Find the percent composition of C12H22O11.
28.2%K, 25.6%Cl, 46.2%O
42.1%C, 6.5%H, 51.4%O
82.
Find the percent composition of MgSO4.
20.2%Mg, 26.6%S, 53.2%O
83.
What is the percentage of carbon in C7H16?
84%
84.
85.
86.
87.
88.
89.
90.
91.
92.
93.
94.
95.
96.
97.
98.
99.
o
If the pressure exerted by a gas at 25.0 C in a volume of 0.0440 L is 0.00685 mol
3.81 atm, how many moles of gas are present? (Hint: R = 0.0821 Latm/mol-K)
Determine the temperature of 2.49 moles of gas contained in a 2.00L 13.8K
vessel at a pressure of 1.41 atm.
Calculate the volume that a 0.323-mol sample of a gas will occupy at 7.81L
265 K and a pressure of 0.900 atm.
What is the pressure in atmospheres of a 0.108 mole sample of helium 5.14 atm
gas at a temperature of 20.0C if its volume is 0.505 L?
You have 422.0 cm3 of nitrogen(IV) oxide at a temperature of 295.15 K 296.4 cm3
and a pressure of 101.325 kPa. What volume will the NO2 occupy at
155.00 kPa and 317.15 K?
812
A container of gas at 760.0 mm Hg and 20.0C is heated to 40.0C.
What is the new pressure in mm Hg?
A gas at 740.0 mm Hg pressure at 25.0 C is cooled to –10.0 C. What 653
is the final pressure in mm Hg?
What is the final pressure in atm, if 10.0 L of gas at 25.0C and 1.00 10.0
atm pressure is compressed to 2.00 L at 323C?
What pressure will be needed to reduce the volume of 77.4 L of helium 126 kPa
at 98.0 kPa to a volume of 60.0L?
A sample of SO2 gas has a volume of 1.16 L at a temperature of 23o C. 46oC
At what temperature will the gas have a volume of 1.25 L?
A sample of ammonia gas occupies a volume of 1.58 L at 22.0o C and a 1.44L
pressure of 0.983 atm. What volume will the sample occupy at 1.00
atm and 0 oC?
A sample of gas at 2.50 atm and 6.50 L is compressed to 1.50L at a
10.8 atm
constant temperature. What is the new pressure?
A sample of gas at 255 K occupies a volume of 1.55 L. If the
1.81 L
temperature is raised to 298 K what will be the new volume?
You have 200.0 cm3 of nitrogen (IV) oxide at a temperature of 303.0 K 96.99 cm3
and a pressure of 101.0 kPa. What volume will the NO2 occupy at
255.0 kPa and 371.0 K?
595 mm Hg
A container of gas at 550.0 mm Hg and 35.0C is heated to 60.0C.
What is the new pressure in mm Hg?
710.2 mm Hg
A gas at 925.0 mm Hg pressure at 50.00 C is cooled to –25.00 C.
What is the final pressure in mm Hg?
Page 4 of 5
Chemistry CP CRT Study Guide Fourth Quarter 2015
This is not the test. This is a guide to the type of question that will appear on the test.
100.
101.
102.
103.
104.
105.
106.
107.
108.
109.
110.
111.
112.
What is the final pressure in atm, if 5.25 L of gas at 75.0C and 1.33 3.12 atm
atm pressure is compressed to 2.75 L at 155 C?
What pressure will be needed to change the volume of 22.4 L of helium
6.59 kPa
at 25.0 kPa to a volume of 85.0L?
A sample of SO2 gas has a volume of 9.50 L at a temperature of 320K. 86 K
At what temperature will the gas have a volume of 2.55 L?
A sample of ammonia gas occupies a volume of 27.4 L at 14.0o C and a 10.4L
pressure of 1.20 atm. What volume will the sample occupy at 3.00 atm
and 0 oC?
A student collects 355 mL of O2 gas at a temperature of 27C and a
1.7 x 102 kPa
pressure of 127 kPa. The next day the sample occupies 257 mL at a
temperature of 17o C, What is the new pressure of the gas?
What type of reactions occurs when more energy is released in the
Exothermic
forming of new bonds than is required to break bonds in the initial
reactants?
What type of reactions occurs when more energy is required to break Endothermic
existing bonds in reactants than is released when new bonds form in the
products?
What type of reactions release energy into its surroundings?
Exothermic
What type of energy change is shown in the following reaction
Sn +Cl2  SnCl2
H= -325KJ
A 50.6 g sample of iron metal is heated from 19.7o C to 24.3o C. How
many joules of heat will be absorbed? (specific heat of iron is
0.4494(J/g oC)
A sample of an unknown metal has a mass of 120.7 g. As the sample
cools from 90.5oC to 25.7oC, it releases 7020 J of energy. What is the
specific heat of the sample?
A silver bar with a mass of 250.0 g is heated from 22.0 oC to 68.5 oC.
How much heat does the silver bar absorb? The specific heat of silver
is 0.235 J/g. oC.
If the temperature of 34.4 g of ethanol increases from 25.0o C to 78.8o
C, how much heat has been absorbed by the ethanol? (The specific
heat of ethanol is 2.44 J/g- oC).
Exothermic
105 J
0.898 J/g oC
2730 J
4520 J
113.
The temperature of a sample of iron with a mass of 10.0 g
0.449 J/ g oC
changed from 50.4C to 25.0C with the release of 114 J of heat.
What is the specific heat of iron?
114.
The specific heat of ethanol is 2.44 J/gC. How many joules of energy 10700 J
are required to heat 50.0 g of ethanol from -20.0C to 68.0C?
How much heat does it take to warm 16.0 g of pure water from 90C to 669 J
100 C? The specific heat of water is 4.18 J/gC.
How much heat does it take to warm 50.00 g of pure water from
12540 J
20.00C to 80.00 C? The specific heat of water is 4.180 J/gC.
From a graph be able to determine if a reaction is endothermic or
exothermic and why.
115.
116.
117.
Page 5 of 5