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The Hip and Thigh MOTIONS What do these motions look like? Hip Flexion Hip Extension Hip Adduction Hip Abduction Hip External Rotation Hip Internal Rotation ANATOMY The Hip and Thigh Bones (6) Femur Pelvis (3 bones) Longest and strongest bone in the body Ilium Ishium Pubis Sacrum – part of spine Coccyx – part of spine HIP MUSCLES Divided into Five Regions Anterior Thigh Posterior Thigh Medial Thigh Anterior Hip Posterior Hip Muscles – Anterior Thigh Quadriceps Femoris 1. 2. 3. 4. Vastus medialis Vastus intermedius Vastus lateralis Rectus femoris Function Extend the knee Rectus femoris also aids in hip flexion Muscles – Anterior Thigh Sartorius (pink) Function Hip flexion Adduction External rotation Muscles – Posterior Thigh Hamstring Muscles 1. 2. 3. Biceps femoris Semimembranous Semitendonous Function Flex the knee and extend the hip Muscles – Medial Thigh (Groin) Hip Adductors 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Gracilis Sartorius Pectineus Adductor Magnus Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Muscles – Anterior Hip Hip Flexors Iliopsoas (2 muscles) 1. 2. Iliacus Psoas Muscles – Posterior Hip Hip Abduction 1. 2. 3. Tensor fascia latae (TFL) Gluteus Medius Gluteus Minimus Hip Extension 1. Gluteus Maximus Also external rotator INJURIES 8 OF THEM Are you more likely to strain or contuse your: Quadriceps? Hamstring? Groin? Quadriceps Contusion Cause Direct blow to the quad Signs and symptoms Pain Loss of function – can’t straighten knee Decreased knee flexion Graded on a scale of 1 – 4 1 not so bad 4 is the worse Quadriceps Contusion Treatment RICE immediately Knee has to be flexed when you ice Compression to prevent swelling If not treated properly, it can lead to bone formation in the muscle Muscle Strain Causes Inflexibility Poor warm up Fatigue Overstretch Quadriceps Strain Signs and Symptoms Pulling / burning sensation in quad Decreased knee flexion Decreased knee extension strength Hamstring Strain Signs and Symptoms Pulling / burning sensation in hamstring Decreased strength – knee flexion Decreased hip flexion with knee straight Groin/Hip Flexor Strain Signs and Symptoms Pulling / burning sensation in anterior or medial thigh Pain with flexion and adduction Weak in these motions with poor range of motion Groin strains can be very painful and take a long time recover. Muscle Strain Treatment RICE for 1st 48 -72 hours Compression Wrap for activity Rehabilitation for strength and flexibility Stress Fracture in Femur Cause Signs and Symptoms Pounding activity like running Constant pain that gets worse with activity Treatment Rest from activity Non-weight bearing (crutches) Femur Fracture Cause Fall from great height Hit by opponent Signs and Symptoms Go into shock Extreme pain Thigh externally rotated and/or shortened Treatment Call 911 Keep them in position you find them Hip Dislocation Cause Very difficult to do – this is a very stable joint Takes a lot of force to dislocate this joint Signs and Symptoms Most common is posterior dislocation Presents with hip slightly flexed, adducted and internally rotated Treatment Medical emergency – call 911 Do not move Hip Pointer Contusion to the iliac crest Cause Direct blow Signs and Symptoms Muscles attach there Hurts to lift leg, abdominal crunch, sneeze, cough Treatment Ice and a lot of it Gentle stretching as tolerated