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Name:_________________
Block:_________________
Date:__________________
The Protein Synthesis Candy Factory
Making proteins in the cell is a lot like making candy in a factory! The boss of the Candy Factory,
Frieda, sits in her office all day handing out recipe cards to messengers who go out to the various
assembly stations on the factory floor and direct the assembly of ingredients that correspond to
the recipes. Combinations of ingredients must pass through one of several work stations before
they end up as candy.
Think about how proteins are made in the cell. Now, fill in the table below to compare how protein
synthesis is like making candy.
PROTEIN SYTHESIS
CANDY FACTORY
Boss gives recipe to messenger
Messenger leaves office through door; goes to
factory floor and to workstations
Workers pick up ingredients
Workers bring ingredients to the workstation
Ingredients are combined according to the recipe
In this lab you will be making your own candy protein!! Follow the steps below in order to go from
DNA to protein (aka Candy!!) Answer all questions directly on this sheet.
Assume a strand of DNA has the following base sequence:
TACCTAAGGGTATAACGGAATATT
1. Show the sequence of bases that would be found in the opposite strand of DNA, using
complementary base pairing rules.
2. Show the sequence of bases that would be found in mRNA if the original strand given above
undergoes transcription.
3. This sequence of bases in mRNA must now be decoded by the cell. What is this process of
decoding called?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
4. How many codons are represented by the mRNA strand in number 2?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
5. How many amino acids could this potentially code for?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
6. Show the sequence of bases to be found in each tRNA anticodon that corresponds to each codon
in mRNA.
7. Compare the sequence of tRNA bases to the original strand of DNA. How do they compare?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
8. Using your codon chart, list the correct sequence of amino acids that would be coded for from
the above sequence. (Hint: remember which strand to always read your ‘message’ from on your
codon chart)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
9. Using the list of ingredients used in Frieda’s Candy Factory assemble your protein based on the
amino acid sequence above. Place each candy on the skewer in the proper order and write the candy
names and order below.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Finally, check with Frieda (aka Ms. Smith) to see if your protein (candy) is ready to be used by the
cell (EATEN!!!!)
This candy has been made under the guidelines of protein synthesis by Frieda’s Candy Factory.
Mark: ______
-
________________________
Frieda
Name: Master
Block:_________________
Date:__________________
The Protein Synthesis Candy Factory
Making proteins in the cell is a lot like making candy in a factory! The boss of the Candy Factory,
Frieda, sits in her office all day handing out recipe cards to messengers who go out to the various
assembly stations on the factory floor and direct the assembly of ingredients that correspond to
the recipes. Combinations of ingredients must pass through one of several work stations before
they end up as candy.
Think about how proteins are made in the cell. Now, fill in the table below to compare how protein
synthesis is like making candy.
PROTEIN SYTHESIS
mRNA transcribed from DNA
CANDY FACTORY
Boss gives recipe to messenger
mRNA exits through nuclear pore to
cytoplasm/ribosomes
Messenger leaves office through door; goes to
factory floor and to workstations
tRNA binds to amino acids
Workers pick up ingredients
tRNA bonds to mRNA at ribosome
Workers bring ingredients to the workstation
Polypeptide chain grows in response to mRNA
codons
Ingredients are combined according to the recipe
In this lab you will be making your own candy protein!! Follow the steps below in order to go from
DNA to protein (aka Candy!!) Answer all questions directly on this sheet.
Assume a strand of DNA has the following base sequence:
T
A
C
C
T
A
A
G
G
G
T
A
T
A
A
C
G
G
A
A
T
A
T
T
A
A
1. Show the sequence of bases that would be found in the opposite strand of DNA, using
complementary base pairing rules.
A
T
G
G
A
T
T
C
C
C
A
T
A
T
T
G
C
C
T
T
A
T
2. Show the sequence of bases that would be found in mRNA if the original strand given above
undergoes transcription.
A
U
G
G
A
U
U
C
C
C
A
U
A
U
U
G
C
C
U U
A
U
A
A
3. The above sequence of mRNA must now be decoded by the ribosomes. What is this process of
decoding called?
Translation
4. How many codons are represented by the mRNA strand in number 2?
8
5. How many amino acids does this code for?
7
6. Show the sequence of bases to be found in each tRNA anticodon that corresponds to each codon
in mRNA.
U
A
C
C
U
A
A
G
G
G
U
A
U
A
A
C
G
G
A
A
U
A
U
U
7. Compare the sequence of tRNA bases to the original strand of DNA. How do they compare?
Identical, except for uracil has replaced thymine in the tRNA strand.
8. Using your codon chart, list the correct sequence of amino acids that would be coded for from
the above sequence. (Hint: remember which strand to always read your ‘message’ from on your
codon chart)
9. Using the list of ingredients used in Frieda’s Candy Factory assemble your protein based on the
amino acid sequence above. Place each candy on the skewer in the proper order and write the candy
names and order below.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Finally, check with Frieda (aka-> Ms. Smith) to see if your protein (candy) is ready to be used by the
cell (EATEN!!!!)
This candy has been made under the guidelines of protein synthesis by Frieda’s Candy Factory.
Mark: ______
-
________________________
Frieda
Ingredient List
Although there are 20 different amino acids that are coded for by 64 different codons, Frieda’s
Candy Shop Specializes in candy recipes that contain only 7 amino acids. The table below shows the
Candy ingredient and which amino acid it corresponds with in order to make candy protein.
Amino Acid
Three-letter
abbreviation
Candy
Ingredient
Alanine
Ala
Pink bunnies
Aspartic acid
Asp
Orange jujubes
Histidine
His
Green jujubes
Isoleucine
Ile
Blue bunnies
Leucine
Leu
Black jujubes
Methionine
Serine
Met
Ser
Red jujubes
Yellow jujubes