Download Terms and QuesAnswers Chap009

Computing Essentials 2008
Chapter 9: Communications and Networks
Key Terms
Key Term
Definition
A computer network that allows users to download data
3G cellular network (249) from the Internet at 400 to 700 Kbps using cell phone
technology.
analog signal (247) Continuous electronic waves.
asymmetric digital subscriber line
(ADSL) (248)
backbone (258)
bandwidth (249)
base station (254)
bits per second (bps) (247)
Bluetooth (245)
broadband (250)
broadcast radio (245)
bus (258)
bus network (258)
cable modem (249)
cellular service (249)
client (251)
client/server network system (260)
coaxial cable (244)
Communication channel (244)
Communication system (243)
computer network (251)
connectivity (242)
demodulation (247)
dial-up service (248)
digital signal (247)
digital subscriber line (DSL) (248)
distributed data processing system
Key Terms
The most widely used types of DSL.
A common connecting cable on which all communications
travel along. (see also bus)
A measurement of the width or capacity of the
communication channel.
A network’s centrally located receiver that interprets
incoming radio frequencies and routes communications to
the appropriate devices. (see also wireless receiver)
How transfer speed is measured
A short-range wireless communication standard that uses
microwaves to transmit data over short distances
The bandwidth used for high-capacity transmissions.
Uses radio signals to send and receive signals from
wireless devices.
A common connecting cable on which all communications
travel along. (see also backbone)
Each device in the network handles its own
communications control.
Use existing television cables to provide high-speed
connections to the Internet.
Offer an alternative for mobile devices and laptops.
A node that requests and uses resources available from
other nodes.
A computer network where one computer coordinates and
supplies services to other nodes on the network.
A high-frequency transmission cable with a single solidcopper core.
The actual connecting or transmission medium that carries
the message.
An electronic system that transmit data from one location
to another
A communication system that connects two or more
computers so that they can exchange information and
share resources.
Using computer networks to link people and resources.
The process of converting from analog to digital.
Using standard telephone lines and conventional modems
to link to the Internet or other computers
A representation of the presence or absence of an
electronic pulse – on/off
Uses existing telephone lines to provide high-speed
connections
Computers that can perform processing tasks at their own
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Computing Essentials 2008
Chapter 9: Communications and Networks
(258)
distributed processing (251)
domain name server (DNS) (250)
Ethernet (253)
external modem (247)
extranet (262)
fiber-optic cable (244)
firewall (263)
global positioning system (GPS) (245)
hierarchical network (258)
home network (254)
host computer (251)
hub (251)
infrared (245)
internal modem (248)
intranet (262)
IP address (Internet Protocol address)
(250)
local area network (LAN) (253)
low bandwidth (250)
medium band (250)
metropolitan area network (MAN)
(254)
microwave (245)
modem (247)
modulation (247)
network administrator (251, 264)
network gateway (253)
network hub (255)
Key Terms
dispersed locations.
A system in which computing power is located and shared
at different locations.
Converts text-based addresses to IP addresses
The most common way in which nodes can be connected
to one another and communications can be controlled.
A modem that stands apart from the computer and
typically is connected by a cable to the computer’s serial
port.
A private network that connects more than one
organization.
Transmits data as pulses of light through tiny tubes of
glass.
A security system designed to protect an organization’s
network against external threats.
Global positioning system (GPS) devices use location
information sent by satellites to uniquely determine the
geographic location of the device.
Consists of several computers linked to a central host
computer, but also are hosts to other, smaller computers or
peripheral devices.
Local Area Networks used by individuals in their homes
and apartments.
A large centralized computer, usually a minicomputer or a
mainframe.
The center or central node for other nodes.
A type of wireless connection that uses infrared light
waves to communicate over short distances.
A modem that consists of a plug-in circuit board inside the
system unit.
A private network within an organization that resembles
the Internet.
A unique numeric address for every computer on a
network.
Networks with nodes that are in close physical proximity
Used for standard telephone communication. (see also
voiceband)
the bandwidth used in special leased lines to connect
minicomputers and mainframes
A network that span distances up to 100 miles.
A type of communication uses high-frequency radio
waves.
Modulator-demodulator, enables digital microcomputers
to communicate across analog telephone lines.
The process of converting from digital to analog.
A computer specialist responsible for efficient network
operations and implementation of new networks.
A device that allows one LAN to be linked to other LANs
or to larger networks.
A central unit in a network, such as a server.
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Computing Essentials 2008
Chapter 9: Communications and Networks
network interface card (NIC) (251)
network operating system (NOS) (251)
node (251)
packet (250)
PC Card modem (248)
peer-to-peer network system (261)
polling (255)
protocol (250)
proxy server (263)
ring network (258)
satellite (245)
satellite/air connection service (249)
server (251)
star network (255)
strategy (260)
T1, T2, T3, T4 lines (248)
telephone line (244)
terminal network (260)
time-sharing system (258)
topology (255)
transfer rate (247)
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet
Protocol (TCP/IP) (250)
voiceband (250)
wide area network (WAN) (254)
Wi-FI (wireless fidelity) (245)
wireless LAN (WLAN) (254)
wireless modem (248)
wireless receiver (254)
Key Terms
Expansion cards located within the system unit that
connect the computer to a network
An operating system that control and coordinate the
activities of all computers and other devices on a network.
Any device that is connected to a network.
Data reformatted or broken down into small parts
A modem that is a credit card–size expansion board that is
inserted into portable computers
A network system where nodes have equal authority and
can act as both clients and servers.
A type of communications where each connecting device
is asked whether it has a message to send.
Rules for exchanging data between computers
A computer through which all communications between
the company’s internal networks and the outside world
must pass.
Each device is connected to two other devices, forming a
ring with no central computer
A type of communication that uses satellites orbiting about
22,000 miles above the earth as microwave relay stations.
Use satellites and the air to download or send data to users
at a rate seven times faster than dial-up connections.
A node that shares resources with other nodes.
A number of small computers or peripheral devices are
linked to a central unit.
A way of coordinating the sharing of information and
resources
Special high-speed lines leased from telephone companies.
A type of cable that uses 2, 4, or 8 pairs of copper wire.
A network system where processing power is centralized
in one large computer, usually a mainframe.
Several users can share resources (time) on a central
computer.
How a network is arranged or configured
The speed at which data can be transmitted
The standard protocol for the Internet
Used for standard telephone communication. (see also low
bandwidth)
A countrywide or worldwide network that spans distances
greater than 100 miles.
A wireless standard used to connect computers to each
other and to the Internet.
Local area network that uses wireless devices to connect
nodes together.
A modem that may be internal, external, or a PC Card
sends and receives through the air.
A network’s centrally located receiver that interprets
incoming radio frequencies and routes communications to
the appropriate devices. (see also base station)
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Computing Essentials 2008
Chapter 9: Communications and Networks
Crossword Puzzle Answers:
Across
Num.
5
7
9
10
11
12
14
Clue
Interprets and routs incoming radio frequencies.
Continuous electronic waves.
Configuration of a network.
Network interface card.
Transfer speed or transfer rate.
Short range wireless communication standard.
Measurement of the width of the communication channel.
Answer
Base station
Analog
topology
NIC
bps
bluetooth
bandwidth
Down
Num.
1
2
3
4
6
8
13
15
16
Clue
Node that requests and uses resources available from other
nodes.
Each device in the network handles its own communications.
Device that allows links between LANs.
Process that converts digital to analog.
Pieces of a message sent over the Internet.
Global positioning system.
Any device that is connected to a network.
Uses existing telephone lines to provide high-speed
connections.
Central node for other nodes.
Num
Multiple Choice
Answers
Matching
Answers
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
C
B
A
D
C
D
B
B
D
D
G
B
A
I
H
E
C
J
D
F
Answer
client
Bus network
Network gateway
modulation
packets
GPS
node
DSL
hub
Open Ended Questions:
1. Define and discuss connectivity, the wireless revolution, and communications.
Connectivity is a concept related to using computer networks to link people and resources. You
can connect a microcomputer by telephone or other telecommunications links to other computers
and information sources almost anywhere. With this connection, you are linked to the world of
larger computers and the Internet. The single most dramatic change in connectivity and
communications in the past five years has been the widespread use of mobile or wireless
telephones. Communication systems are electronic systems that transmit data from one location
Answers to End of Chapter materials
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Computing Essentials 2008
Chapter 9: Communications and Networks
to another
2. Identify and describe the various physical and wireless communication channels.
Physical
Telephone lines - consist of twisted-pair cable made up of hundreds of copper wires.
Coaxial cable- a high-frequency transmission cable with a single solid-copper core.
Fiber-optic cable - transmits data as pulses of light through tiny tubes of glass.
Wireless
Infrared - uses infrared light waves to communicate over short distances.
Broadcast radio sends and receive radio signals through transceivers.
Microwave - uses high-frequency radio waves.
Satellite - uses satellites orbiting above the earth as microwave relay stations.
3. Identify the standard Internet protocol and discuss its essential features.
The standard protocol for the Internet is TCP/IP (transmission control protocol/Internet protocol).
Every computer on the Internet has a unique numeric address called an IP address. Information is
reformatted or broken down into small parts called packets.
4. Define and discuss the four principal network topologies.
Star network - a number of small computers or peripheral devices are linked to a central unit.
Bus network - each device in the network handles its own communications control.
Ring network - each device is connected to two other devices, forming a ring.
Hierarchical network— consists of several computers linked to a central host computer, and
also hosts to other, smaller computers or to peripheral devices.
5. Define and discuss the three most common network strategies.
Terminal network system,- processing power is centralized in one large computer, usually a
mainframe.
Client/server network systems - use one computer to coordinate and supply services to other
nodes on the network.
Peer-to-peer network system, nodes have equal authority and can act as both clients and servers.
Answers to End of Chapter materials
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Computing Essentials 2008
Chapter 9: Communications and Networks
Applying Technology
Focus
Ethical
Expanding Your
Knowledge
Writing About
Technology
Electronic Monitoring
Digital Rights
Management
Web Tools
Palm
Software Tools
Home Networking
Distributed Computing
How Napster and Gnutella
Work
How Wireless Home Networks
Work
Hotspots
Writing Skills
Ethical focus
1. Writing About Technology exercise #1 Electronic Monitoring explores the FBI Carnivore
monitoring system and how it affects personal privacy.
2. Writing About Technology exercise #2 Digital Rights Management explores the issue of
sharing copyrighted material over the Internet and how it affects software piracy.
Web Tools
1. Applying Technology exercise #3 Palm explores how Palms work with the Internet and
looks at the types of information are available.
2. Expanding Your Knowledge #2 How Napster and Gnutella Work looks at the different
types of network architectures employed by each program and their efficiencies.
Software Tools
1. Applying Technology exercise #1 Home Networking works with the Making it Work for
you section in exploring the different types of home networking and how to configure
them.
2. Applying Technology exercise #2 Distributed Computing has the students research the
concept of distributed computing, how it works, and why it is beneficial.
3. Expanding Your Knowledge exercise #1 How Wireless Home Networks Work has the
students discover basic features and functionalities of home networking and how they can
be configured.
4. Expanding Your Knowledge exercise #3 Hotspots has the student explore the technology
of public Internet access and what is necessary to use it.
Writing Skills
1.
Focus tables to End of Chapter materials
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