Download A. 13.1 DNA Technology

CP Biology
Unit 7: Chapter 13, Biotechnology
Developments in biotechnology related to genetics and DNA; various biotechnologies related to genetics
including medicine, agriculture, and environmental remediation.
13.1 Biologists have learned to manipulate DNA.
Essential Question(s):
What is the difference between biotechnology, DNA technology, and Recombinant DNA technology?
Understand: Biotechnology consists of many branches.
Know: Biotechnology, DNA technology, Recombinant DNA technology
Notes
A. 13.1 DNA Technology
1. What is Biotechnology?
2. What is DNA technology?
3. What are the 3 ways that bacteria can incorporate new DNA into their genome?
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• 2.
• 3.
4. What is Recombinant DNA?
5. What is Recombinant DNA technology?
Concept Check 13.1
1. How has the bacterium E. coli played a role in the development of biotechnology?
2. Describe one use of DNA technology.
3. List three ways genetic recombination occurs in bacteria
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13.2 Biologists can engineer bacteria to make useful products.
Essential Question(s): How is the plasmid different from the bacterial chromosome?
How are plasmids used to make recombinant DNA?
Understand: Plasmids are small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria.
Know: Plasmids, restriction enzymes, genomic library, nucleic acid probe
Notes
B. 13.2 Engineering Bacteria (Recombinant DNA)
1. What is a Plasmid?
2. How can Biologists use plasmids to move DNA into bacterial cells? List the three steps.
C. Gene Cloning: A Closer Look
3. What is gene cloning?
4. What are restriction enzymes?
5. List the steps for how gene cloning works. (Make sure to include restriction enzymes and sticky
ends in your discussion.)
6. What is a Genomic library?
7. Why do you end up with a genomic library near the end of the process of gene cloning?
8. How do scientists find the desired gene?
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9. What are the uses of gene cloning?
Concept Check 13.2
1. How can a biologist use plasmids to produce bacteria that carry a specific gene?
2. Explain how the "sticky ends" that result from the action of restriction enzymes can be useful.
3. Explain how a nucleic acid probe enables researchers to identify a specific gene.
4. Give an example of a use of recombinant DNA technology in medicine.
13.3 Biologists can genetically engineer plants and animals.
Essential Question(s): What are the advantages of genetically modified organisms (GMO)?
What is the GMO controversy?
Understand: Transgenic organisms are genetically modified organisms that have acquired one or more
genes by artificial means.
There are several concerns about GM crops. These include the formation of “super weeds” and health risk to
humans.
Know: genetically modified organisms (GMO), transgenic
Notes
D. 13.3 Genetically Modified Organisms
1. What are Genetically Modified Organisms?
2. What are Genetically Modified Plants?
3. Why are plants genetically modified? What is the purpose? Give examples.
4. When is an organism considered to be transgenic?
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5. How are genetically modified animals created?
6. Why would scientists want to genetically modify an animal?
7. How is animal cloning different from genetically modifying an organism?
8. What is the GMO controversy?
Concept Check 13.3
1. How is producing a GM plant different from producing a GM animal?
2. Compare and contrast the techniques for producing a GM animal and a cloned animal.
3. Give an example of one potential risk posed by GMOs.
13.4 DNA technologies have many applications.
Essential Question(s): Why can DNA fingerprinting be valuable?
How is DNA fingerprinting accomplished?
What is the importance of finding a genetic marker?
Understand: Gel electrophoresis is used to compare DNA fragments. This process is used to do DNA
fingerprinting and look for genetic markers.
Know: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), gel electrophoresis, genetic marker, DNA fingerprint
Notes
E. 13.4 DNA fingerprinting
1. What is the Polymerase Chain Reaction? What is it used to do?
2. What is Gel electrophoresis?
3. Explain in detail how gel electrophoresis works.
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4. What are Genetic markers in reference to gel electrophoresis? How are they used?
5. What is a DNA Fingerprint?
6. What two steps are used together to create a DNA Fingerprint?
7. What are some common sources of DNA used to make a DNA Fingerprint?
8. In the real world, how can DNA Fingerprinting be used?
Concept Check 13.4
1. Name one application of the mass-production of DNA using PCR.
2. Explain how gel electrophoresis compares DNA samples.
3. Why are genetic markers from noncoding regions useful in distinguishing DNA fingerprints?
F. Gene Therapy (add-on)
Essential Question: What is Gene Therapy?
1. What is gene therapy?
2. What is the purpose of gene therapy?
3. How is gene therapy done? In other words, what is the basic process used to achieve gene
therapy?
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4. How are vectors used in gene therapy?
13.5
Notes
G. 13.5 – In Brief: Stems Cells and Homeotic Genes
1. What are Stem Cells?
2. What is the controversy concerning the use of Human embryo and stem cells?
3. Are Bone marrow stem cells considered to be as controversial as human embryo
stem cells? Why or why not?
4. What are homeotic genes?
5. Give an example of a homeotic gene and explain how it is homeotic.
6. What effects can mutations have when they occur in homeotic genes?
Concept Check 13.5
4. Give examples of two types of cells that probably cannot be regenerated by stem cells in an adult human.
5. Give an example of a homeotic gene.
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