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Name: _________________________________ Date: ___________________________ Civil War Study Guide Answer Key 1. Life was hard in the South on the home front because _____ Prices were high and there was not enough food. 2. Sherman’s strategy of total war included _______ Attacking and destroying anything the enemy could use to continue fighting. 3. After the Civil War, President Lincoln wanted ____ Defeated Confederate states to set up new governments and rejoin the Union quickly. 4. At the end of Reconstruction: True or False: African Americans lost political power. True or False: The president told federal troops to leave the South. True or False: Segregation was enforced. 5. Why did Jim Crow laws harm African Americans? ________________ They enforced the segregation of African Americans from other Americans. 6. What are some advantages the North had during the Civil War? ___ The North had more factories for making weapons and supplies. 7. What took the place of slavery? ______Sharecropping______________________ 8. The Union was also known as the ____The North and The Yankees_________________________ 9. Why did Southern states leave the Union _______ To protect their own right to own slaves 10. Who won the battle at Gettysburg? ______the Union_______________________________ 11. Before the Civil War, why did tension increase between the northern and southern states? __ They disagreed about whether or not slavery should continue 12. Who was the president of the Union during the Civil War? ___Abraham Lincoln__________ 13. Who led the Confederate troops at the Battle of Bull Run? ___Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson______ 14. What is the name of the famous speech Lincoln gave during the Civil War? ____________Gettysburg Address___________________________ 15. What was the Underground Railroad? ______ a system of escape trails that led slaves to freedom 16. The battles of the Civil War were mostly fought ________in the South____________ 17. What Constitutional Amendment ended slavery in the United States? _______13th ________ 18. Southern states passed ______Jim Crow Laws__________ to keep African Americans separated from other Americans. 19. Why was Thomas Jackson’s nickname “Stonewall?” _____________He never backed down in a battle____________________________ 20. The South was also known as the ___________The Confederacy and the Rebels_____________ 21. Who was the main general of the Union army? ________Ulysses S. Grant________ 22. What did Congress create to provide help to freed slaves? ___Freedmen’s Bureau_________ 23. What does “states’ rights” mean? __ The idea that states, not the federal government should decide matter that effect the state 24. How did the Emancipation Proclamation change the war? __ It made the war a war to end slavery in the heart of the South. 25. Which constitutional amendment gave African Americans the right to vote? _______15th _ 26. What important event took place at Appomattox Court House in 1865? ________ General Lee surrendered to General Grant. 27. The Civil War began when ____________Confederate troops attacked Fort Sumter_______ 28. The 13th, 14th, & 15th Amendments are known as the _____The Voting Rights Amendments_____. 29. What was the purpose of the Underground Railroad? ___________to help enslaved people escape slavery_______________ 30. What abolitionist fought slavery by raiding a U.S. Army post at Harpers Ferry, Virginia and was hung for what he did? _______John Brown___________________ 31. Why did the Confederate army get weaker? ___ The Confederate government had no money for supplies or more soldiers. 32. Which amendment declared that the states could not limit the rights of citizens? ________14th ________________________ 33. What kind of conditions did soldiers in the Civil War face? ____lived in tents; often didn’t have enough to eat; died of diseases ______________________ 34. Who was the main general of the Confederate troops? _____Robert E. Lee____ 35. The period when the south rejoined the Union is called ____Reconstruction_ 36. What was the South like during Reconstruction? Many people were poor and it was hard to earn a living. 37. Sherman’s soldier’s march to Savannah became known as ____________Sherman’s March to the Sea________________________ 38. How did Harriet Beecher Stowe’s book, Uncle Tom’s Cabin increase tensions between the North and the South? ___ The South thought the book gave a false picture of slavery. The North felt a new sympathy for the slaves. 39. Who was the new president of the southern states new country, The Confederacy? ___________Jefferson Davis___________________________ 40. Who led the army that captured the city of Atlanta, Georgia? _____________William Tecumseh Sherman___________________________________ 41. In the Dred Scott decision, the Supreme Court said _____enslaved people where property and had no rights___________________ 42. Why did John Brown attack the army post at Harper’s Ferry? _____start a slave rebellion by arming slaves____________________ 43. What allowed people in the North to see what was happening during the Civil War? ____a new technology called photography________________________ 44. What was the book Uncle Tom’s Cabin about ___the cruelty of slavery_____________