Download Evolution Unit Name:_KEY Study Guide _B_ Evolution _O_ Extinct _

Evolution Unit
Name:_KEY______________________________________
Study Guide
_B_ Evolution
A. The preserved or mineralized remains of an organism that lived long ago.
_O_ Extinct
B. Descent with modification from a common ancestor OVER TIME.
_E_ Population
C. Individuals moving INTO a population.
_L_ Adaptation
D. Individuals moving OUT of a population.
_G_ Natural Selection
E. All the individuals of a species that live in one place at one time.
_H_ Isolation
F. Organisms that are genetically similar & can reproduce to make fertile offspring.
_F_ Species
G. Process by which populations change in response to their environment.
_A_ Fossil
_I_ Paleontologist
H. Two populations of the same species get separated and eventually cannot
breed with each other.
I. Scientists who study fossils.
_J_ Vestigial Structure
J. Structures that have been reduced in size & are no longer useful.
_M_ Homologous Structure
_N_ Darwin
K. Frequencies of alleles in a population do not change unless evolutionary forces
act on the population. (p+q)2 = p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1
L. A trait that allows a species to be better suited to its environment..
_K_ Hardy-Weinberg Principle
M. Structures that are similar in structure but differ in function.
_C_ Immigrants
N. Naturalist that said that evolution occurs by way of natural selection.
_D_ Emigrants
O. Species that have disappeared permanently.
Evolution Unit
Study Guide
Read the following scenarios. Choose the best answer. Read carefully.
I.
II.
III.
Each spring, red-winged blackbirds fly north from their wintering areas to nest and raise babies. The males arrive first
and compete for the best nesting territories, resulting in many males that do not get territories. The females then
arrive and mate with the males who have territories. This is a result of
A.
Non-random mating.
B.
Mutation increasing particular individuals’ likelihood of mating
C.
Natural selection weeding out those individuals who are not strong enough to fly north.
A large population of flightless birds lives on a massive island in the Pacific Ocean. The island sinks, isolating five
populations of this species on different smaller islands that were once mountains. If the factors necessary for the
Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium to work are active, what would we expect?
A.
There will be no difference in the genetic variability among all the populations.
B.
The populations on the smallest islands will have the greatest variability.
C.
The populations on the largest islands will have the greatest variability.
Several species of extinct giant tortoise lived on different islands in the Indian Ocean. One species is still alive on
Aldabra Island. The shells and skins of the extinct tortoises are in museums and can be studied. What is the most
accurate way to find out how closely related the living one is to the extinct one?
A.
Compare the DNA sequence of all the tortoise species, extinct and living.
B.
Search the history records of what the extinct tortoises look like.
C.
Compare the bones and shells of the extinct tortoises to each other.
Evolution Unit
Name:_KEY______________________________________
Study Guide
What was Darwin’s theory about the finches on the Galapagos Islands compared to the ones on the South American
mainland?
Darwin’s theory was that finches migrated to the various islands and then changed over a long period of time. Changes in
gene frequency occurred as the finches adapted to the environment.
What two things are required for evolution to occur? TIME and a CHANGE in GENE FREQUENCY
Describe camouflage and give a specific example
Camouflage is a trait that allows organisms to blend in or hide within their environment. Example: Walking Stick Insect
Will the offspring of a parent who goes to the tanning bed daily be born with tan skin? circle = Yes or No
Explain.
ONLY GENES can be passed on to offspring, not changes caused by the environment.
Are a canary and a parakeet the same species? circle = Yes or No.
Explain.
They cannot reproduce with one another and make fertile offspring.
Example of mimicry: a coral snake is deadly venomous while a scarlet kingsnake is not. Both look very similar to one
another although they are two different species.
The coloration is so similar that this phrase was created to help people remember:
“If red touches yellow, you're a dead fellow; if red touches black, you're all right, Jack."
How does this mimicry adaptation help the scarlet kingsnake?
It provides protection from predators