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World Civilization-Cold War Review
1.
In 1946, who declared that the Soviets had in a sense trapped the nations of Eastern Europe behind
an “iron curtain?”
a. Winston Churchill
b. Joseph Stalin
c. Harry Truman
d. John F. Kennedy
2.
What was the policy of the United States towards communism that sought to prevent its spread?
a. Truman Doctrine
b. Policy of Containment
c. Marshall Plan
d. Berlin Air Lift
3.
As part of the policy of containment, Congress approved a plan to provide military and economic
aid to Greece and Turkey to help them resist a communist takeover. This plan was known as
what?
a. Truman Doctrine
b. Policy of Containment
c. Marshall Plan
d. Berlin Airlift
5.. An extension of the above plan came about when Congress approved a plan that provided massive
amounts of financial aid to provide food, fuel, and raw materials to help the nations of Europe
rebuild their economies, industries, and transportation systems that had been destroyed during
World War II. This plan was known as what?
a. Truman Doctrine
b. Policy of Containment
c. Marshall Plan
d. Berlin Airlift
6.
T/F After the Western powers announced plans to combine their three sections into the
independent nation of West Germany, the Soviets responded by closing off all traffic from West
Germany to Berlin, the capital city, in the eastern part of Germany.
7.
In response to the Soviets action, what did President Truman order?
a. Truman Doctrine
b. Policy of Containment
c. Marshall Plan
d. Berlin Airlift
8.
In 1949, with East-West tensions rising, the United States joined other Western nations to form
what military alliance against the Soviets? (Give the full name.)
a. Warsaw Plan
b. North Atlantic Treaty Organization
c. Peace Corp
d. Bay of Pigs
9.
In response to the above alliance, the Soviets formed what military alliance of Soviet-controlled
countries?
a. Warsaw Plan
b. North Atlantic Treaty Organization
c. Peace Corp
d. Bay of Pigs
10. Before granting Japanese independence in 1951, who was the American leader during the
occupation of Japan?
a. Douglas McArthur
b. Joseph McCarthy
c. Fidel Castro
d. Robert Kennedy
11. T/F Chiang Kai-shek was the leader of the Nationalists in China.
12. T/F Mao Zedong was the leader of the Communists in China.
13. Where were the Nationalists forced to flee after the Chinese civil war?
a. Cuba
b. Taiwan
c. China
d. Korea
14. Who was the UN commander of the forces in Korea at the beginning of the conflict?
a. Douglas McArthur
b. Joseph McCarthy
c. Fidel Castro
d. Robert Kennedy
16. In the Election of 1952, who was the victor after he promised to end the war in Korea?
a. Douglas McArthur
b. Joseph McCarthy
c. Dwight Eisenhower
d. John F. Kennedy
17. During the cold war period, many Americans’ fears of a communist conspiracy heightened,
believing that fellow citizens were communist sympathizers or spies. This outbreak of fear is
known as what?
18. Name the U.S. senator who charged that he knew of numerous communist sympathizers within the
U.S. government, but hurt his reputation when he did not produce evidence for this claim?
a. Douglas McArthur
b. Joseph McCarthy
c. Fidel Castro
d. Robert Kennedy
19. What happened in May 1960 that did not help relations between the U.S.S.R. and the U.S.?
20. In 1959, communism was brought to the doorstep of the U.S. in Cuba. Who was the new
communist leader in Cuba?
a. Douglas McArthur
b. Joseph McCarthy
c. Fidel Castro
d. Robert Kennedy
21. After the U.S. helped in the training of Cuban exiles, they invaded Cuba where in April 1961?
22. In October 1962, U.S. officials learned that the Soviet Union had placed nuclear weapons in Cuba.
After tense negotiations, what is this event referred to that saw the Soviets agree to remove their
weapons after a bold order from President Kennedy?
23. What was organized by President Kennedy in 1961 that was to help prevent the spread of
communism by improving the quality of life in developing nations?
24. East-West tensions continued to rise in the early 1960s after the Soviets built what in order to
prevent the flight of refugees seeking to escape the oppression of East Germany?
25. T/F North Vietnam was run by a communist government under the leadership of Ho Chi Minh.
26. T/F South Vietnam was run by a noncommunist government under the leadership of Ngo Dinh Diem.
27. T/F Although South Vietnam’s government was corrupt and often repressive, the U.S. supported the
government because it was anti-communist, in fear that if South Vietnam fell to the communists, all of
Southeast Asia might follow.
28. T/F In February 1965, after the Vietcong attacked an American airbase in South Vietnam, Johnson ordered
an escalation in the war. An escalation means to pull troops out of the fighting.
29. Those in America who supported the Vietnam War effort were known as what?
30. Those in America who opposed the Vietnam War effort were known as what?
31. Name the Democratic presidential candidate who would have likely won his party’s nomination, but was shot
and killed before the election.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Douglas McArthur
Joseph McCarthy
Fidel Castro
Robert Kennedy
32. Who was the Republican candidate for president in 1968, eventually winning the election?
a. Richard Nixon
b. Robert Kennedy
c. Jimmy Carter
d. Henry Kissinger
33. Name the influential political scientist who served as President Nixon’s national security adviser and later his
secretary of state.
a. Richard Nixon
b. Robert Kennedy
c. Jimmy Carter
d. Henry Kissinger
34. What is the name of the war that broke out between Israel and its Arab neighbors in the Middle East?
35. T/F In the above war, the United States supported the Arabs.
36. T/F In the above war, the Soviet Union supported Israel.
37. T/F The war between Israel and the Arab states ended with a cease-fire. Afterwards, Secretary of State
Henry Kissinger engaged in flying back and forth between the capitals of Israel and Egypt in an attempt to
produce a lasting peace. This effort was known as shuttle diplomacy.
38. Name the U.S. president who attempted to promote a foreign policy based on morality and truth rather than
military or economic considerations.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Jimmy Carter
Henry Kissinger
Richard Nixon
Robert Kennedy
39. Who used the Iranian hostage crisis to his advantage and easily win the Presidential Election of 1980?
a. Jimmy Carter
b. Ronald Reagan
c. Bill Clinton
d. George Bush
40. T/F The above president had a “hands-off” attitude toward the day-to-day operations of the presidency,
giving more responsibility to his staff. This practice aided his national security advisors to sell weapons to
Iranians in exchange for American hostages, then secretly use the profits to support anti-Communist rebels in
Nicaragua. This ordeal is remembered as the Iran-Contra affair.
41. T/F In 1983, President Reagan announced a project that involved creating a shield of new weapons designed
to intercept and destroy nuclear missiles. Reagan’s desire for a strong defense was based on his belief that
the Soviet Union was still a threat to the U.S. The full name of this military plan was the Strategic Defense
Initiative (SDI).
42. What is the nickname for the above military plan?
43. T/F Glasnost refers to a Soviet society that has been opened up to the world.
44. T/F Perestroika refers to the democratic reforms initiated by Gorbachev.
45. Who became the president of the new Russian Republic?
46. In August 1990, what country seized control of Kuwait, an action that would lead to the Persian Gulf War?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Iraq
Iran
Afghanisatan
North Korea
47. Who was the president of the above country?
a. Kim Jong II
b. Sadam Hussien
c. Boris Yeltsin
d. Vladamimr Putin
48. T/F President Bush, with cooperation from more than 25 other nations, assembled a U.S.-led military
coalition that quickly drove Iraqi forces out of Kuwait. Saddam Hussein, however, remained a threat to the
region’s peace and stability.
49. T/F Despite the decline of communism, wars in nearly every world region have arisen from ethnic hatreds,
political boundaries, and religion. In the East African nation of Somalia, President Bill Clinton experienced
his first foreign policy crisis.
50. T/F The United States, more than other countries, has played the role of peacemaker around the world
because this nation is widely seen as the only remaining superpower, and as such, has the respect and
authority needed to negotiate peace agreements.