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Transcript
The Synagogue • Jewish place of prayer, community, and education • Services daily but main service on Friday night and Saturday morning • Requires a minyan = at least ten adults over the age of 13 • Usually led by rabbi = religious leader and teacher Interior All Synagogues contain . . . • Aron Kodesh – Holy Ark, holds Torah scrolls – After the Hebrews received the Ten Commandments, they were told to make an ark to house them – Each Torah is handwritten in Hebrew on parchment paper (animal skin) – Today, the Holy Ark sits on a raised platform in the synagogue, and contains the Torah scrolls. • Ner Tamid – “eternal light”, near the Ark – symbolizes the presence of God • Bimah – the lectern from which the Torah is read Rabbi holding a Torah scroll – the scrolls are written in Hebrew by hand on parchment • An Eternal Light hangs above the Ark. • This light is always burning, as a symbol of God’s presence. Ner Tamid Bimah • Jews pray facing Jerusalem, so the synagogue wall containing the Holy Ark faces this direction. • Rabbis and elders sit along the wall which houses the Ark. Orthodox synagogues separate men and women at worship. They have a divider called a mechitzah between the two sections of the synagogue. Rabbi • He (or she in Reform and some Conservative communities) leads services, educates, and officiates at events like bar mitzvahs, weddings and funerals • It usually takes five years of postgraduate study to become a rabbi. The Menorah • One or two Menorah (seven branched candle sticks) are found close to the Ark. Synagogue Service • Service is led by the Rabbi and perhaps a cantor (leads sings and chanting of prayers and reads from Torah) • Service is often a mixture of Hebrew and English • Lasts between 30 and 90 minutes The Service: • Chanting of the Shema (their most important statement of beliefs) and Amidah (silent prayer in which they ask God for certain things) • Scripture readings – – – – Writings Psalms Prophets Torah • Sermon • Blessings Different branches of Judaism have different attitudes towards these laws: Orthodox – follow strictly, do not change Conservative – some follow strictly, many follow a modified version, more flexible to change (ex. Giving women equal role in synagogue ritual) Reform – following is up to the individual; many follow partially, only practice certain rituals which strengthen their relationship with God (ex. Sabbat and Kashrut are not observed, service in English) Clothing During Service • Yarmulke/Kippah: – Hat worn by men during service/worship to show their respect for God • Tallit: – prayer shawl while praying – Filfills one of the commandments • Tefillin: – Small leather boxes with straps that can be tied on the arm and around the head (serving God with body and mind) – Contain versus on parchment from 4 sections of the Torah – Reminder of God’s commandments – Not worn on Shabbat or festivals Clothing worn during worship: kippah tallit teffilin • Tour of Synagogue: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Z_gyc7yG_c • Service https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5vpKoj8a93s • How Jews Pray https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U5amPgrazeo