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Exercise Science and Sports Medicine Unit 4 FIRST AID Test Name __________________________________________ Period ____________ MATCHING 1. ____ Bleeding with great risk of infection 2. ____ Bleeding under pressure, bright red 3. ____ Slow steady bleeding, dark red A. B. C. Arterial Venous Capillary 4. 5. 6. 7. Failure to keep blood circulating to vital organs Temporary cessation of breathing Disorder producing seizures Friction causes layers of skin to separate A. B. C. D. Apnea Blister Epilepsy Shock Decreased core body temperature Frozen tissue Scrapping away of skin’s surface Jagged cut or tear in the skin A. B. C. D. Abrasion Frostbite Hypothermia Laceration ____ ____ ____ ____ 8. ____ 9. ____ 10. ____ 11. ____ TRUE / FALSE 12. T F The Brachial artery should be palpated in an unconscious adult patient to best assess circulation. 13. T F The currently recommended technique for opening an airway in a nonhead/neck/back injured patient is the Head-Tilt-Chin-Lift method. 14. T F To assess breathing, you should Look, Listen, and Feel for breathing. 15. T F With most athletic injuries, the primary survey is completed easily and quickly. 16. T F Airway obstruction is most commonly caused by choking on a fluid. 17. T F Venous bleeding is usually severe, hard to control, and needs immediate medical attention. 18. T F The threat of infection is greater with capillary bleeding than with arterial or venous bleeding. 19. T F Cold is the best way of reducing swelling, as well as pain, and muscle spasms in acute injury. Unit 4 – First Aid 1 draft copy Exercise Science and Sports Medicine 20. T F An athlete may die of shock as the result of an injury that is otherwise not life-threatening. 21. T F High temperature and elevated humidity can negatively impact athletic performance and even threaten life. 22. T F Although not usually visible, internal bleeding can be very serious. 23. T F All elastic wraps should start proximally and be wrapped towards the distal end. 24. T F All sports programs should have an emergency plan that can quickly and easily be set in action. 25. T F When splinting, make sure to immobilize only the joint affected. 26. T F To treat a nosebleed, have the athlete lie down with their head extended back. 27. T F A person having a seizure can generally learn to control them. 28. T F Only the very old and very young suffer from the extreme cold. 29. T F A person who’s airway is obstructed may quickly stop breathing and lose consciousness. 30. T F The universal distress signal for choking is two hands clutched at the nose. 31. T F If a victim is breathing, they will always have a pulse. 32. T F A heart attack is when the heart stops beating. MULTIPLE CHOICE 33. The average adult has 6 liters of circulating blood – what percentage of loss is considered critical? A. 5% C. 20% B. 10% D. 50% 34. Treatment for a person who has a partial airway obstruction with good air exchange includes A. Hemilich Maneuver C. Chest Thrusts B. Nothing – leave them alone D. None of the above Unit 4 – First Aid 2 draft copy Exercise Science and Sports Medicine 35. Acute musculoskeletal injuries are treated by: A. RICE C. B. Thermotherapy D. 36. A. B. ABC’s None of the above Signs and symptoms of infection include all of the following EXCEPT: Pus C. Heat Red Streaks D. Cyanosis 37. EMS should be called for a person having a seizure for all of the following EXCEPT: A. Remains unconscious C. Appears to be injured B. Lasts longer than a few minutes D. Epileptic 38. A. B. When splinting an injury, always: Splint in the position found Don’t cause more pain or discomfort A. B. The most common condition caused by exertion in hot weather is: Heat cramps C. Heat stroke Heat exhaustion D. None of the above 39. C. D. Immobilize above & below All of the above 40. The muscles most commonly affected by heat cramps is: A. Abdomen & calves C. Triceps & biceps B. Quads & Hams D. All of the above 41. Compression of a major artery to temporarily aid in the control of severe bleeding is known as: A. Pressure bandage C. Direct pressure B. Pressure point D. None of the above 42. Signs and symptoms of internal bleeding include all of the following EXCEPT: A. B. Bruising Blood in vomit C. D. Difficulty Breathing Warm skin SHORT ANSWER 43. A football player was tackled resulting in a possible lower leg/tibia fracture. What actions should be taken to help prevent Shock? Unit 4 – First Aid 3 draft copy Exercise Science and Sports Medicine 44. A skier begins to worry about possible Frostbite on her fingertips. What actions should be taken to treat this injury? 45. During an ice hockey game, a spectator standing behind you suddenly grabs his chest, staggers, then collapses. In step by step order, list the actions you would take to provide emergency care in this situation. (Assume he is not breathing and does not have a pulse.) 46. A soccer player twists her ankle during a game. You assess that she may have a second degree lateral ankle sprain. Explain what a second degree injury is. 47. A second baseman has collided with a runner and was cleated across the front of the shin and is now bleeding. What will you do to control the blood loss and risk of infection? (Assume that the bleeding stops relatively easily.) 48. A runner has just completed a marathon on a hot, humid, sunny day. He was concerned about the possibility of a heat injury. What is the best method of preventing a heat injury? 49. Compare and contrast the three heat injures: Unit 4 – First Aid 4 draft copy Exercise Science and Sports Medicine Heat Cramps Heat Exhaustion Heat Stroke Signs & Symptoms Treatment Unit 4 – First Aid 5 draft copy Exercise Science and Sports Medicine Unit 4 FIRST AID TEST – KEY I. MATCHING 1. __C_ Bleeding with great risk of infection 2. __A_ Bleeding under pressure, bright red 3. __B_ Slow steady bleeding, dark red A. B. C. Arterial Venous Capillary 4. 5. 6. 7. Failure to keep blood circulating to vital organs Temporary cessation of breathing Disorder producing seizures Friction causes layers of skin to separate A. B. C. D. Apnea Blister Epilepsy Shock Decreased core body temperature Frozen tissue Scrapping away of skin’s surface Jagged cut or tear in the skin A. B. C. D. Abrasion Frostbite Hypothermia Laceration __D_ __A_ __C_ __B_ 8. __C_ 9. __B_ 10. __A_ 11. __D_ II. TRUE / FALSE 12. T F The Brachial artery should be palpated in an unconscious adult patient to best assess circulation. 13. T F The currently recommended technique for opening an airway in a nonhead/neck/back injured patient is the Head-Tilt-Chin-Lift method. 14. T F To assess breathing, you should Look, Listen, and Feel for breathing. 15. T F With most athletic injuries, the primary survey is completed easily and quickly. 16. T F Airway obstruction is most commonly caused by choking on a fluid. 17. T F Venous bleeding is usually severe, hard to control, and needs immediate medical attention. 18. T F The threat of infection is greater with capillary bleeding than with arterial or venous bleeding. 19. T F Cold is the best way of reducing swelling, as well as pain, and muscle spasms in acute injury. Unit 4 – First Aid 6 draft copy Exercise Science and Sports Medicine 20. T F An athlete may die of shock as the result of an injury that is otherwise not life-threatening. 21. T F High temperature and elevated humidity can negatively impact athletic performance and even threaten life. 22. T F Although not usually visible, internal bleeding can be very serious. 23. T F All elastic wraps should start proximally and be wrapped towards the distal end. 24. T F All sports programs should have an emergency plan that can quickly and easily be set in action. 25. T F When splinting, make sure to immobilize only the joint affected. 26. T F To treat a nosebleed, have the athlete lie down with their head extended back. 27. T F A person having a seizure can generally learn to control them. 28. T F Only the very old and very young suffer from the extreme cold. 29. T F A person who’s airway is obstructed may quickly stop breathing and lose consciousness. 30. T F The universal distress signal for choking is two hands clutched at the nose. 31. T F If a victim is breathing, they will always have a pulse. 32. T F A heart attack is when the heart stops beating. III. MULTIPLE CHOICE 43. The average adult has 6 liters of circulating blood – what percentage of loss is considered critical? A. B. 5% 10% C. D. 20% 50% 44. Treatment for a person who has a partial airway obstruction with good air exchange includes: A. B. Hemilich Maneuver Nothing – leave them alone Unit 4 – First Aid 7 C. D. Chest Thrusts None of the above draft copy Exercise Science and Sports Medicine 45. Acute musculoskeletal injuries are treated by: A. B. 46. RICE Thermotherapy C. D. ABC’s None of the above Signs and symptoms of infection include all of the following EXCEPT: A. B. Pus Red Streaks C. D. Heat Cyanosis 47. EMS should be called for a person having a seizure for all of the following EXCEPT: A. B. 48. Remains unconscious Lasts longer than a few minutes C. D. Appears to be injured Epileptic C. D. Immobilize above & below All of the above When splinting an injury, always: A. B. 49. Splint in the position found Don’t cause more pain or discomfort The most common condition caused by exertion in hot weather is: A. B. Heat cramps Heat exhaustion C. D. Heat stroke None of the above 50. The muscles most commonly affected by heat cramps is: A. B. Abdomen & calves Quads & Hams C. D. Triceps & biceps All of the above 51. Compression of a major artery to temporarily aid in the control of severe bleeding is known as: A. B. Pressure bandage Pressure point C. D. Direct pressure None of the above 52. Signs and symptoms of internal bleeding include all of the following EXCEPT: A. B. Bruising Blood in vomit Unit 4 – First Aid C. D. 8 Difficulty Breathing Warm skin draft copy Exercise Science and Sports Medicine IV. SHORT ANSWER 50. A football player was tackled resulting in a possible lower leg/tibia fracture. What actions should be taken to help prevent Shock? • Lie on back, elevate legs if no fracture • Nothing to eat or drink • Prevent loss of body heat • Keep calm • Monitor & record ABC’s, vitals 51. A skier begins to worry about possible Frostbite on her fingertips. What actions should be taken to treat this injury? • Take to warm place • Don’t rub or massage • Use warm water • Sterile gauze between fingers 52. During an ice hockey game, a spectator standing behind you suddenly grabs his chest, staggers, then collapses. In step by step order, list the actions you would take to provide emergency care in this situation. (Assume he is not breathing and does not have a pulse.) • Determine unresponsiveness • Call 911 • Position on back • A Head tilt chin lift • B Look, listen, feel for breathing • 2 breaths • C Check carotid pulse • Begin CPR (15:2) • After 1 minute, reassess 53. A soccer player twists her ankle during a game. You assess that she may have a second degree lateral ankle sprain. Explain what a second degree injury is. • Moderate signs and symptoms including pain, loss of function, swelling, and slight to moderate instability 54. A second baseman has collided with a runner and was cleated across the front of the shin and is now bleeding. What will you do to control the blood loss and risk of infection? (Assume that the bleeding stops relatively easily.) • Direct pressure • Elevate • Wear gloves • Clean the wound 55. A runner has just completed a marathon on a hot, humid, sunny day. He was concerned about the possibility of a heat injury. What is the best method of preventing a heat injury? • Hydration – heavy fluid intake before, during, and after the event. Unit 4 – First Aid 9 draft copy Exercise Science and Sports Medicine 56. Compare and contrast the three heat injures: Heat Cramps Signs & Symptoms Treatment Unit 4 – First Aid · alert & oriented · sweating profusely · slightly increased pulse, temperature, and respiration rate · stretching · drink liquids 10 Heat Exhaustion Heat Stroke · sweating profusely · pale/gray · Headache · Weakness, fatigue · Dizziness · Nausea · Alteration of consciousness · Seizures · take to cool place · lie on back with feet elevated · remove equipment · cool down · fluids if conscious · no sweating · hot, dry skin · increased temperature · increased pulse · headache · dizziness · weakness · seizures · loss of consciousness · decrease body temperature ASAP any way possible · remove equipment · fluids if conscious · call 911 hospital draft copy