Download First aid is the quick help given to someone who is suddenly injured

FIRST AID AWARENESS
Humanitarian Peace support
School
Bethuel Aliwa – EMT/EMS-I
5:34:44 AM
You are in a convoy of 4 vehicles from an
assignment. Suddenly on a bend, a young
boy runs across the road. The lead
vehicle suddenly skids and is banged
behind by another one. Due to the
commotion, the third one looses control
and rolls several times before landing in
a ditch. Luckily you are in the fourth car.
It is raining heavily. The injured are
screaming for Help. What do you do????
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Incident
Management
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Incident Management
A – Assess the situation
M – Make area safe
E – Emergency Aid
G – Get help
A - Aftermath
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 Scene
safety & Body Substance Isolation
 Determine Responsiveness (Activate
EMS)
 Ensure
an open Airway
 Normal Breathing
 Circulation including presence of
bleeding
 Mental status
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S
Signs and Symptoms
"What is the problem?"
A
Allergies
"Are you allergic to anything?"
M
Medications
"Do you take any medications?"
P
Pertinent History
"Are you currently seeing a doctor for anything?"
L
Last Oral Intake
"When was the last time
E
Events
"What were you doing when this happened?"
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Chest Compressions
Nipple line
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“Push hard, push fast & allow
the chest to recoil”
Minimize interruptions of compression
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Foreign Body Airway
Obstruction in Adults (FBAO)
Ask “ are you
choking”
Heimlich
maneuver Adult
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Management of FBAO in Infants
5 Chest thrust
5 Back slaps
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13:31:57

Bleeding: (comes in two major forms)
oExternal bleeding.
oInternal bleeding.
oOthers sources include (nose bleeding)
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
Contusion
◦ Blood vessel disruption beneath
epidermis
◦ Swelling, pain, blueness
 May occur 24 to 48 hours after injury
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

Partial-thickness injury
Scraping or rubbing away of layers of skin
Deep abrasion caused by a fall from a bicycle
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 Tear,
split, or incision of skin
◦Size and depth vary depending
on injury sites and wounding
mechanism
◦May be significant bleeding
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Large wound caused by barbed wire
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Impaled objects
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Impaled objects
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
Complete or partial loss of limb due to mechanical force
Bleeding is a potentially fatal complication
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
Gives the body shape

Protects internal organs

Provides for support & movement
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Open Injuries (fracture)
Break in the continuity of the
skin.
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Closed Injuries(fracture)
No break in the continuity of the
skin.
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Dislocation
o Movement of a bone at a joint away from the
normal position.
o More obvious than a fracture.
o Often forms a bump, ridge (fold) or hollow.
Ball-and-Socket Joint
Hinge Joint
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Sprain
o Tearing of ligament at a joint
o May swell & can involve fractures or dislocations
o Most often occurs in the ankle, knee, wrist or finger
joint.
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Full Thickness Burn
(3rd Degree)
 Burn involves all dermal layers and
may include muscle, bone, or organs
 Dry and leathery skin; Charred
 Little or no sensation; hard to the
touch; pain at periphery
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Assessment
And Care
Body Substance Isolation & do a Body Surface Area
Help the casualty lie down (as this may help prevent
shock).
Cut around areas of clothing that adhere to patient;
do not attempt to remove adhere fabric.
Cover the injured area with a sterile dressing to
protect it from infection.
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Stop The
Burning
Process
 Use water or
saline to cool
burn injuries
 Within first 10 minutes of injury, if
possible.
 Remove jewelry and any clothing on fire;
(advise the victim to STOP, DROP & ROLL)
Be ready to resuscitate (burn to the face)
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Airway Burns
•Singed nasal hairs
• Facial burns
• Burned flecks of
carbon in sputum
• Sooty or smoky
smell on breath
• Respiratory distress
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Triage is the single most important decision
involving management of mass casualty
incidences.
Agencies in hostile areas are encouraged to
develop Mass casualty plans for their facilities
based on operating capacity and resources
It important for all staff to know about the plan.