Download Unit A CHAPTER 1 Study Guide for Science

Unit A, Chapter 1 Study Guide for Science Test
Lessons 1,2, and 3 Vocabulary:
1. organism – any living thing
2. reproduction – the way organisms make more of their own kind
3. environment – the things that make up an area such as land, water, and air
4. respond – to react to change in the environment
5. cells – the basic building blocks of life
6. mineral – a naturally occurring substance that is neither plant or animal
7. root – a plant part that takes in water and minerals and usually grows under the
ground
8. stem – a plant part that supports the plant
9. leaves – the main food-making part of the plant that also provides the plant with
air
10. life cycle – the stages in an organism’s life
11. embryo – a young organism that is just beginning to grow
12. heredity – the passing of traits from parent to offspring
13. flowering plants – plants which produce seeds in flowers
14. conifers – trees that produce seeds in cones
Concepts to Know from Lessons 1, 2, and 3:
1.Living things grow and change, respond to changes in their environment, and
reproduce. Most living things can communicate.
2.More than 300 years ago scientist Robert Hooke used a microscope to look at
a thin piece of cork. He found the cork was made of tiny boxlike shapes called
cells.
3. A microscope is a device that uses lenses to allow people to see very small
things.
4. All living things are made of cells.
5. Plant cells and animal cells are alike in some ways, but different in other
ways. (See pictures on pages A10 and A11).
6. Both are filled with cytoplasm, a clear, jellylike material. Both have a cell
membrane, a thin outer covering of the cell. Both have a nucleus, the control
center of the cell.
7. Plant and animal cells are different in that plant cells have a boxlike shape.
Only plant cells have a cell wall, which is a stiff layer outside the cell
membrane. Some plant cells have chloroplasts, which make food. Animal
cells do not have chloroplasts.
8. Plants need sunlight, water, and air to live. They also need minerals. All
plants get water and minerals from the soil.
9. The parts of plants help them get or make what they need. Most plants have
three main parts: the roots, the stem, and the leaves.
10. Leaves are green because of chlorophyll. Chlorophyll traps the energy of
the sunlight for the plant.
11. The leaf uses a gas in the air called carbon dioxide. The plant uses the
sun’s energy to combine carbon dioxide and water to make food. This process
is called photosynthesis.
12. When plants make food, they give off a gas called oxygen.
13. In order to survive, a plant must respond to changes in its environment.
14. Most plants make seeds. There are two main groups of plants that
reproduce by making seeds. They are flowering plants and conifers.
15. Flowers have male and female parts. The female parts make eggs that
become seeds. The male parts make pollen.
16. To make seeds, pollen and eggs must come together. The wind, insects,
and animals can bring pollen to eggs.
17. Over time, flowers turn into fruits that contain seeds.
18. Some plants don’t have flowers. Conifers are trees that produce seeds in
cones.