Download Year 10 Biology Revision Questions

Y10 Biology Revision
Practise Questions and Mark Schemes
Q1.
Aphids are insect pests. They feed on broad bean plants.
The aphids can be controlled by lacewing larvae.
(a) Use this information to draw a food chain in the space below.
(2)
(b) A student wanted to compare the ability of two different species of predator, lacewings and hoverflies,
to control aphids. Lacewings were released, on day 0, into one field of broad beans (field X), and hoverflies
were released into a different field of broad beans (field Y).
The table shows his results.
Use information in the table to answer the following questions.
(i) Suggest two reasons why lacewings might be better predators to use to control aphids than
hoverflies.
(2)
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2 ........................................................................................................................................
(ii) Suggest one reason why hoverflies might be better predators to use to control aphids than
lacewings.
(1)
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(c) (i) Other than predation, name two biotic (living) factors that may affect aphid numbers.
(2)
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(ii) Name two abiotic (non-living) factors that may affect aphid numbers.
(2)
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(Total for question = 9 marks)
Q2.
A group of students investigate the effect of exercise on breathing rate.
They measure their breathing rate at rest by counting breaths per minute.
They then exercise by running on the spot.
After exercise they measure their breathing rate by counting breaths per minute.
These are their results.
(a) Display these results in a table.
(2)
(b) Explain why breathing rate is higher after exercise.
(4)
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(c) Explain how the students could improve their investigation.
(2)
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(Total for question = 8 marks)
Q3.
Plants and animals can reproduce asexually and sexually.
(a) Give an example of a way that plants can reproduce asexually.
(1)
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(b) Complete the table showing features of sexual reproduction in plants and animals.
(3)
(c) Suggest why the number and size of human male gametes differs from the number
and size of human female gametes.
(2)
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(Total for question = 6 marks)
Q4.
Complex carbohydrates are broken down in the human digestive system.
(a) Name the elements present in a carbohydrate molecule.
(1)
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(b) Starch and glucose are carbohydrates found in living organisms.
Complete the table to show some of the properties of starch and glucose.
Insert a tick
if the property applies or a cross
if it does not.
(5)
(c) (i) Describe how you could test for the presence of glucose in a substance.
(3)
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(ii) Give two safety precautions you would take when carrying out the test.
(2)
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(Total for question = 11 marks)
Q5.
Cystic fibrosis is an inherited condition. It is caused by a recessive allele (d).
The non-cystic fibrosis allele is dominant (D).
The diagram shows how cystic fibrosis was inherited in a family.
(a) Use letters D and d to give the genotype of person A and person L in the table.
(2)
(b) How many people in this family do not have cystic fibrosis?
(1)
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(c) (i) Complete the table to show the probability of each set of people having a child with cystic fibrosis.
One has been done for you.
(2)
(ii) Parents E and F have four children. None of them have cystic fibrosis although the probability shown
in the table is 25%.
Suggest why they did not have a child with cystic fibrosis.
(1)
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(Total for question = 6 marks)
Q6.
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants obtain nutrition.
(a) Write a balanced chemical symbol equation for photosynthesis.
(2)
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(b) Leaves can be tested for starch to show that photosynthesis has taken place.
This is the method given in a biology textbook.
(i) Explain a safety precaution that should be taken when carrying out this test.
(2)
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(ii) State the purpose of step 3.
(1)
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(iii) State the purpose of step 6.
(1)
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(c) Experiments can be done to demonstrate that light, chlorophyll and carbon dioxide are needed for
photosynthesis.
Testing leaves for starch is the final step in these experiments.
Explain what other steps need to be taken to demonstrate that each of these factors is needed for
photosynthesis.
(i) light
(2)
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(ii) chlorophyll
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(iii) carbon dioxide
(2)
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(Total for question = 12 marks)
Q7.
In digestion large food molecules are broken down into small food molecules by
enzymes.
(a) Use this information to complete the table.
(5)
(b) The small food molecules can be absorbed into the blood by villi in the small
intestine.
Give three ways in which villi are adapted to absorb small food molecules.
(3)
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(Total for question = 8 marks)
Q8.
Marfan syndrome is a rare genetic condition of the body's connective tissues. It can
result in a person being tall with abnormally long and slender limbs, fingers and toes.
It may also affect the heart and eyes.
Children with the condition usually inherit it from one of their parents. It is caused by
a dominant allele (M) and not the recessive allele (m).
(a) A homozygous recessive male mates with a heterozygous female.
Use a genetic diagram to show the parental genotypes, the gametes produced.
and the possible genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring.
(4)
Parents genotypes
Gametes
Offspring genotypes
Offspring phenotypes
(b) A person wanted to find out if he had Marfan syndrome. He asked his doctor for
advice.
(i) Use the information about the symptoms of Marfan syndrome to explain why
it is difficult for the doctor to decide if the person has the condition.
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(ii) Suggest what other information the doctor could use to decide if the person
has Marfan syndrome.
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(c) Many genetic disorders are caused by a recessive allele rather than a dominant
allele.
Explain how examining a family pedigree would enable you to tell if a condition
was caused by a recessive allele.
(3)
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(Total for question = 10 marks)
Q9.
When plants die they may decompose.
(a) Explain what is meant by the term decompose.
(2)
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(b) The dead plant material in soil is called humus and is used as food by earthworms.
These worms are eaten by birds.
Use this information to draw a food chain.
(2)
(c) It is possible to measure the mass of humus in soil. The method involves drying
the soil and then burning the dried soil.
The formula below can then be used to calculate the percentage humus.
A robbery took place at a bank. The robber used the garden to gain entry to the
bank. Three people were suspected of robbing the bank. The table gives data
about the soil in the garden and on the shoes of suspects A, B and C.
(i) Complete the table by using the formula to calculate the percentage humus
in the soil from the shoe of suspect B.
(1)
(ii) Which suspect is most likely to be the robber?
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(iii) The suspect who was accused of being the robber claimed that the result was
not reliable.
Do you agree with the suspect? Give a reason for your answer.
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(Total for question = 7 marks)
Q10.
The diagram shows some structures in the human breathing system.
(a) Name structures A and B.
(2)
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(b) The table shows the level of two gases, X and Y, in blood entering and leaving the
lungs during the process of gas exchange.
(i) Name the two gases.
(2)
Gas X ........................................................................................................................................................
Gas Y ........................................................................................................................................................
(ii) How much of gas X enters 100 cm3 of blood, before the blood leaves the lungs?
(1)
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(iii) What term is used to describe how the process of gas exchange takes place?
Put a cross
in the box to indicate your answer.
(1)
A
active transport
B
diffusion
C
transpiration
D
osmosis
(Total for question = 6 marks)
Q11.
Caterpillars feed on hawthorn bushes. The caterpillars are eaten by small birds such as
the dunnock. The dunnocks are preyed on by a larger carnivorous bird, the sparrowhawk.
This data was collected from a hedgerow.
(a) Use the information in the table to draw an accurate pyramid of numbers for this
data on the grid below.
(4)
(b) Describe how a pyramid of biomass from the same data would differ from the
pyramid of numbers.
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(c) Explain why not all the energy in a producer passes to the primary consumer.
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(d) Some farmers are removing hedges in order to increase the size of their fields.
This means that the number of hawthorn bushes is decreasing.
Suggest how removing hawthorn bushes will affect the size of the dunnock population.
(2)
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(Total for question = 10 marks)
Q12.
(a) Complete the table to show the characteristic features of the three groups of organisms.
Use a tick
if the group has the characteristic and a cross
not have the characteristic. The first box has been done for you.
if the group does
(4)
(b) The table below shows some characteristics shared by most animals.
Complete the table by giving the missing characteristics and examples.
(4)
(c) Another characteristic shown by animals is the ability to respond to their surroundings.
For example, a person may withdraw their hand from a hot object.
Describe the sequence of events that cause this response.
(5)
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(Total for question = 13 marks)
Mark Scheme
Q1.
Q2.
(Total for question = 8 marks)
Q3.
Q4.
Q5.
Q6.
(Total for question = 12 marks)
Q7.
Q8.
Q9.
Q10.
Q11.
Q12.