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Body System test #2 review Key 1. The outermost layer of your skin is called the - Epidermis 2. Which of the following does melanin do? - Protect skin from Ultraviolet Radiation - Give skin its coloration 3. What is the function of the nervous system? - coordinates and regulates the responses of other organ systems to maintain a constant internal balance 4. What is a hormone? - A chemical messenger made by glands 5. What are the structures of the excretory system? - arteries, veins, kidneys, bladder, ureters, urethra 6. Describe each part of the skin Sebaceous gland- Makes sebum, lubricates and waterproofs your hair and skin Hair follicle- in the dermis, produces hair Sweat gland- releases sweat to cool the body Nerve endings- carry messages to and from the brain 7. What are the main organs of the Integumentary system? - skin hair and nails 8. What is the function of the Integumentary system? -protects the body, helps maintain internal balance (homeostasis), helps you sense the world around you 9. Describe a neuron. - the basic part of the nervous system, arranged in bundles to make nerves, and transmit messages along their axons 10. What is the function of the digestive system? -To break down food into nutrients useful to your body 11. What organ’s function is to filter waste from the blood and turn them into urine? - kidney 12. What is the function of the excretory system? -to filter waste out of the blood and excrete it as urine. 13. Give an example of physical change in digestion. - Chewing, the muscles of the esophagus squeezing the food 14. give an example of a chemical change in digestion. - Saliva breaking down food, stomach acid breaking down food, bile breaking down food 15. What is the function of the endocrine system? - to work with all of the other body systems to regulate your body’s function. 16. What are the structures of the endocrine system? - pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, thymus, pancreas, adrenal glands, and gonads (testes and ovaries) 17. Give the functions of the systems W- Digestive system: To break down food into nutrients useful to your body X- Circulatory system: to bring oxygen and nutrients to the cells Y- Respiratory System: to bring in oxygen and get rid of carbon dioxide Z- Excretory System: to filter waste out of the blood and excrete it as urine.