Download Extrusive igneous rocks

The Three Different
Types of Rocks:
•Igneous
•Metamorphic
•Sedimentary
Where Do Rocks Come From?
•
•
•
•
•
•
Where do you see rocks?
Mountains
Canyons
Riverbeds
All rocks are all made of minerals.
As a matter of fact, rocks are made up of
2 or more minerals.
The Rock Cycle
• The rock cycle is an ongoing
process that never stops
• There are three different
types of rocks: Igneous,
Metamorphic, and
Sedimentary
• With melting, heat/pressure,
and weathering/erosion
rocks change into different
types of rocks
• Rocks are always changing
The Rock Cycle (Cont.)
Igneous Rocks
• The word Igneous comes
from the Latin word Ignis,
which means Fire.
• Igneous Rocks come from
the magma inside of a
volcano
• There are two types of
igneous rocks:
• Extrusive
• Intrusive
Igneous Rocks (Cont.)
• Extrusive igneous rocks are formed when a volcano
erupts
• The magma will spill all over the surface and cool, this is
an extrusive igneous rock
• An intrusive igneous rock is formed when magma
doesn’t reach the surface
• Instead, it forces its way into cracks and spaces between
other rocks already inside the Earth and turns solid
before ever reaching the surface
• Magma that never makes it to the surface turns solid
slowly, because it takes it a long time to cool inside the
hot Earth
Types of Igneous Rocks
• Some examples of igneous rocks are
obsidian, pumice, scoria, and granite.
Metamorphic Rocks
• Metamorphism means “to change”
• Normally when we think of metamorphism,
we think of caterpillars changing into
butterflies
• Through heat and pressure an igneous
rock turns into a metamorphic rock
Metamorphic Rocks (Cont.)
• Marble is a type of
metamorphic rock
• It is formed limestone,
which is an igneous
rock
• The Taj Mahal in India
was built of all marble
Types of Metamorphic Rocks
• Some other examples of metamorphic
rocks are schist and gneiss.
Sedimentary Rocks
• Sedimentary rocks can be formed from many
different ways
• Sedimentary rocks are worn down by wind and rain
and are washed downstream where they settle at the
bottom of rivers, lakes and oceans.
• Eventually, with the pressure of everything above the
sediments a sedimentary rock is formed!
• Some of the ways that sedimentary rocks come from
are:
– Layers of other rocks
– Dead animals/plants
– Sand
Types of Sedimentary Rocks
• Some types of sedimentary rocks are
gypsum, conglomerate, shale, sandstone,
and limestone.
Summary
• The three different rocks are: igneous, sedimentary, and
metamorphic
• There are two types of igneous rocks: intrusive and
extrusive
• Igneous rocks come from the magma inside of
volcanoes
• Metamorphic rocks “change” with heat and pressure
• Sedimentary rocks are formed from layers of other rocks
(at the bottom of lakes/rivers/oceans), dead
animals/plants, or sand.
Works Cited
• http://www.promotega.org/ksu00006/types.
htm
• http://earthnetgeonet.ca/images/glossary/magma.jpg
• http://geology.csupomona.edu/alert/metam
orphic/metarxs.htm
• http://csmres.jmu.edu/geollab/fichter/SedR
x/SimpModl.html