Download ARChive

http://www.ierek.com/press
International Journal on: The
Academic Research Community Publication
General Proposal study of Injection operations Effect
Environmental subsurface
Fathi elosta1
waha oil company
Keywords
Type your keywords here,
separated by semicolons ;
Abstract
Oil is one the more pollutants that threaten the ecosystem due to being over by the material
hydrocarbon many of the most important of hydrogen , sulfide which consists of
organic compounds containing hydrogen and carbon also contains non carbon
materials nitrogen – sulfur oxygen and some small quantities of metals such as
nickel vanadium and know the production process of the oil well that they bring
the sites of the configuration to the surface where it should be up to the surface
flow of natural and appropriate pressure and at the beginning of production is high
– pressure which helps the production of the well naturally and helps to production
for long periods and with the passage of time begins production oil in decline due
to low pressure of the reservoirs and thus get up to access the oil to the surface
under pressure less than the previous in some cases may not be so up and get up
production and reservoir engineers to thins of artificial lift the most important of
these means of injections of water associated with the oil in the layers of the earth
that has become threaten the systems integrated environment as a result of not
accompanying this process for studies of hydrological and environment fall which
sets off alarm bells occurrence of seismic waves due to increased fracture and
breadth during the injection process and water accompanying become a problem
oil-producing counties in the most countries of the world our Libya that do not have
experience in creating advanced solutions for such problems and is considered the
injection influential active operations on the water bearing layers which may
contain small depressions may widen due to the injection process accompanied by
static pressure could contributes to the creation of cracks reservoirs may grow with
the passage of time is widening as a result of the weakness that occurs layers of the
earth because of depleted groundwater is considered is considered fault and fracture
of the distortions that affect areas of the globe and lead to the weakness of the
occurrence of where these faults arise and fractures as a result of the tensile and
continuous compression by external force which is pressing on the gravity where
lightening to layer of earth or compression occurs by the impact force than gaps
happens may play a major role in moving the ground fluids as well as detect
natural wealth stored but this block exposed heavily to move is the injection
influential aquifers which may contain small depressions may widen due to the
injection process accompanied by static pressure could contribute to the creation of
cracks reservoir may grow with the passage of time it is widening as a result of the
weakness that weakness that occurs layers of the earth because of depleted
groundwater the operation faults and fractures of the distortions that affect areas of
the globe lead to the weakness of occurrence of where these fault arise and
fractures as a result of the tensile and continuous compression by external force
which is pressing on the inner strength due force of gravity where tightening to 2
layers of earth or compression occurs by the impact force than gaps happens may
play a major role in moving the ground fluids as well detect natural wealth stored
but , this block significantly exposed to the sudden move by the industrial factors
abortions earth continued drilling and injection without regard to the amount of
pressure appropriate for this process, the process of injection oil wells for example
which is made to get rid of excess associated with the oil water liquids or to
improve well production this one way in distinctive ways to maintain, the reservoir
pg. 1
Author name / The Academic Research Community Publication
pressure that is injected into the drill new wells or exploitation wells that have
become dry of oil or the oil wells which reduced the pressure level it cannot be a
drag – for example , the presence of four wells producing well is being drilled
between there so that is an equal distance from all four wells and water is injected
for the purpose of pushing the oil towards producing wells and must take into
account the accuracy of well injection in terms of distance between injection and
other producing wells the rate of injection pressure required to achieve the offset
required oil by injected water and are improving the water injection to change the
viscosity of water to become higher than the viscosity of the oil as this will lead to
improved mobility of the oil and make the boundary between water oil more stable
and avoid the penetration of water into the well-produced and achieved by adding
certain polymeric materials to the injected water is all done in order to rid of the
water where they are to spend this excess water in the reservoirs limestone gap that
must be deaf varies with depth ranging from 300m to 1800m and the pressure level
during the injection 98 pascal, a unit measure and during this process has been
cracking the layer water bearing knows hydraulic cracking occurs due to increased
pressure on the required limit causing move faults so kinetic force acts on the
formation of the rocks very slowly on both sides of the faults as evidenced by the
curvature of the construction where the low of these rocks and store energy when
sliding in the areas of the weakness occur is thefocus of seismic and which are at a
depth 20km including what will be at a depth of 700 km so that the offset emerging
occur impact of faults due to excessive pressure on the required limit during the
injection process and edit here sudden elastic energy accumulated happen and
stored for decades and pose far from the spacing crack compression and
accompanying slides that arise to fill the pore spaces crasher here cohesion between
molecules article allowing to slide off each other easily information that there is a
direct relationship between the edges of the panels located on the outskirts of the
continents and earthquakes so that movement begins in landing at an angle of 540
and by previous abortions layers the earth pressure on the cracks inverted divergent
plate over so that the kinetic force is working on the formation of the earths rocks
very slowly on both sides of the fault displacement occur and sliding liberated
energy for devastating earthquakes occur which is different centers so that may be
superficial levels which Descend unit the depths of 700 km and 9 in the scope of
diving in the layers.
pg. 2