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Exercise 10. Unit 3 Key Area 3.4 – Energy In Ecosystems. Under natural conditions an ecosystem really contains many interconnecting food chains. This more complex relationship is called a FOOD WEB. Using the food web above, answer the following questions. 1. If all the snails died out, what would you expect to happen to the duck population and why? (1 marks) 2. If all the snails died out, what would you expect to happen to the mosquito larvae population and why? ( 1 marks) 3. If the dragonfly larvae population died out what would you expect to happen to the minnow population and why? (1 marks) 4. Using the following information construct a food web in your jotters. (2 marks) In a rainforest there are many producers including trees and flowering plants. Insects and bats feed on the flowering plants, whereas monkeys and parrots mainly feed on the fruits growing on the trees. Many predators are also found in the rainforest. Snakes will hunt bats, parrots and monkeys and frogs will hunt for insects. A jaguar is the top predator found in a rainforest. They will hunt for monkeys, snakes, parrots and frogs. 5. Using the following information construct a food web in the space below. (2 marks) 1 In the Antarctic seas killer whales are commonly found hunting for seals, penguins, squid and large fish species such as cod. Baleen whales are also found in such seas but they feed on krill. Krill consume phytoplankton, the main producer in the seas. Phytoplankton is also eaten by small fish, shrimp and squid. Seals, cod and penguins will in turn consume small fish, shrimp and squid. Total 7 marks. Exercise 11. Using the following food web to answer the following questions. 1. Give two examples of producers. (2 marks) 2. Give an example of a primary consumer and a secondary consumer. (2 marks) 3. State a food chain with 5 stages in it. Total 5 marks. 2 (1 marks) Exercise 12. The diagram below shows part of the nitrogen cycle. Nitrogen gas in the atmosphere F G A Proteins in plants E Proteins in animals B Nitrates in the soil D Nitrites in the soil C B Ammonium compounds in the soil Use the diagram above to answer the following questions. 1 (a) What is represented by arrow A. (1 mark) (b) What letter(s) represent death and decomposition. (1 mark) (c) What letter(s) represent the action of nitrifying bacteria. (1 mark) (d) What letter(s) represent the action of denitrifying bacteria. (1 mark) (e) What letter(s) represent the action of nitrogen fixing bacteria. (1 mark) 2. Why is nutrient cycling important in ecosystems? (1 mark) 3. Give an example of an organism responsible for process B. (1 mark) 4. Give a possible source of nitrates that is artificial. ( 1 mark) Total 8 marks. 3 Exam Style Questions. Q1 4 Q2 5 Q3 6 7