Download ZOOLOGY FOLDABLES CH 26

1
ZOOLOGY FOLDABLES CH 26-1
#1
The first foldable is a Cladogram drawing of the Animal Kingdom on page 660 of your textbook. The title should be
“Animal Kingdom Cladogram”
*The drawing is to be colored and should be half of a sheet of copier paper. You should also include the animal sketches.
The KEY concept at on page 660 (in the paragraph) is to be written beneath the drawn cladogram-on the half sheet.
#2
Body Symmetry Foldable (1/2 page hamburger style)
*diagram handout for front;
Title: 2 types of Animal Body Symmetry; Inside top flap, use the first sentence on page 662?
(With the exception of Sponges, every kind of animal exhibits some type of body symmetry in its anatomy, or structure.
ASYMMETRY (without symmetry) = Sponges
Bottom flap can fold upward and be divided into two sections with the definitions for Radial and Bilateral. (get definitions
from back of the book!)
Foldable
Outside: Three Characteristics ALL Animals have in common; Inside: Multi-cellular, Eukaryotic, Heterotrophic;
Foldable:
Outside: "Cephalization" allows the animal to respond to the environment more quickly and in more complex ways than
simpler animals.
Three 1/4 page SQUARES will be definition tabs:
Foldable 4 tabs:
3 Embryonic (Germ Layers)...,
Endoderm,
Mesoderm,
Ectoderm;
Foldable 4 tabs:
Blastula,
Blastopore,
Protostome,
Deuterostome;
Foldable 5 tabs:
Dorsal,
Superior,
Plantar,
Caudal,
Aboral;
(These definitions are to be given by the teacher...as the text does not provide them but they are required by the COS);
Dorsal: "upper side of animals"; The back surface of an animal's body. For vertebrates- the side in which the backbone in
located;
Superior: referring to a structure "above" the
structures. EX: The nose is superior to the mouth.
Plantar: relating to or occurring on the under surface of the foot.
Caudal: Pertaining to the "tail" or "posterior" or "hind part" of a body;
Aboral: (normally the dorsal side is opposite to the a
oral side...as in a star fish) "opposite to" or "away from" the mouth.
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26-2 Sponges...
Small Foldable
Outside: Phylum "Porifera" means...
The inside: "Pore-bearers"
Sponges have tiny openings called "pores" all over their bodies. The phylum name "Porifera" is very
appropriate for the sponge.
Foldable drawing: 1/4 page SHEET (use it long ways)...
draw all of figure 26-8 page 664...use detail in drawing!!
Foldable
1/4 page SQUARE foldable hotdog style with 5 definition tabs: (this goes along with the drawing!)
Choanocyte,
Spicule,
Archaeocyte,
Osculum,
Gemmules;
*Archaeocyte must have more than definition...Specialized cell in a sponge that makes up spicules. They move
around in the wall of a sponge. They also complete the digestive process & transport digested food throughout
the sponge.
*Gemmule must have more than definition...When environmental conditions become unfavorable...some
sponges produce gemmules...*Groups of archaeocytes surrounded by a tough layer of spicules.
Two Small foldables;
Foldable….
Outside: Reproduction in Sponges;
Inside: Sponges can reproduce either sexually or asexually. During asexual reproduction they reproduce by
INTERNAL FERTILIZATION...eggs are fertilized inside the sponges body.
Foldable…
OUTSIDE: Sponge Ecology;
INSIDE: They provide habitats for marine animals...through different types of symbiosis...commensalism and
mutualism. Sponges are motile as larva. They are sessile as adults.
Small Foldable
Outside: Phylum Cnidaria...hydras, jellyfish, sea-anemones, and corals. INSIDE: write the key concept on page
669;
Small Foldable
Outside: Cnidarians get their name from...; INSIDE...Cyndocytes-stinging cells that are located along their
tentacles;**They help a cnidarian survive by ____________ their prey.
Foldable:Small
outside: Phylum Cnidaria;
Inside: definition of cnidarian and the examples...
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Foldable Definition tab:
OUTSIDE: Nematocyst: INSIDE: (definition from book)
Foldable 1/4 square hotdog fold-2 tabs...
OUTSIDE:
with polyp drawn on outside of one...and
medusa drawn on the outside of the other...
INSIDE:
Inside of Polyp: Usually a SESSILE stage of the life cycle of a cnidarian that has a cylindrical body with arm-like
tentacles. The mouth points upwards. *In jelly-fish the polyp reproduces ASEXUALLY.
Inside of Medusa: MOTILE stage of the life cycle of a cnidarian that has a bell-shaped body with the mouth on the
bottom. *In the jellyfish the medusa reproduces SEXUALLY and most sexual reproduction is by EXTERNAL
FERTILIZATION (process by which eggs are fertilized outside the female’s body).
Foldable
Definition Tab: Gastrovascular Cavitiythe internal space of a cnidarian.
Foldable
(Outside)Cnidarian Symmetry: (Inside) Radial in both poly and medusa stages;
Foldable
1/4 page square 4 tab hotdog:
Three Classes of Cnidarians:
Outside: Schyphozoa (cup animals)
Inside: jellyfish which live most of their lives as medusas.;
Hydrozoa,
Inside:contains the fresh water hydra (which lack a medusa stage) & live as solitary polyps, other hydra live as
polyp colonies with each colony specialized to perform different functions (Portuguese Man-of-War);
Anthozoa (Flower Animal)
Inside: sea-anemones & corals that have only the polyp stage in their life cycle.
Foldable
Ecology of Cnidarians:
(INSIDE) Coral reefs are now in danger from human activity such as farming, mining, logging, over-fishing.
Coral Bleaching (high temperatures that kill the corals symbiotic algae) is a serious ecological threat, because it
also causes coral to die, by killing its energy source.