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Name ___________________________
Page 33
What defined the actual split between the North and
the South (Upper South Secedes and War Begins & Advantages)?
Preview this page by reading the information given below. Then, use the notes to fill in the blanks. Add
additional information about at least two of the terms using the discussion in class, textbook, or video.
Upper South Secedes and War Begins:
term
definition (with added notes)
fort in South Carolina taken by the Confederates, beginning the Civil War
extra note:
part of the South that secedes when Lincoln asks them to fight the
Confederates when this fort is taken (includes VA, NC, TN, and AR)
extra note:
slave states that did not join the Confederacy or pledge allegiance to the
Union (includes MO, KY, MD, DE, with WV added in 1863 when it splits
from VA)
extra note:
Advantages:
Fill in the blanks at the top of each chart based on which side, Union or Confederacy, had those
advantages (see p. 229 in text for more information).
rank
advantages for _______________________
larger population (i.e. potential soldiers and those to supply soldiers)
number of factories (to produce guns, ammunition, shoes, blankets)
railroad mileage (more than twice as much)
farms that produce food to eat rather than cotton
functioning government already in place
functioning military already in place, including a navy
financial stability (already had functioning currency and more banks with more money)
rank
advantages for _______________________
military leadership (seven of the nation’s eight military colleges were in the South; most
officers sided with the Confederacy)
morale (in this case, a willingness to fight to defend their homeland rather than a
reluctance to fight to force others to do something they don’t want to do)
only needs to defend territory, not invade other territory
Other things to consider (from the slides or from the book):
Who had the advantage in the Civil War? Why? (Answer in a paragraph with complete
sentences.)
Name ___________________________
Page 34
What defined the actual split between the North and
the South (Maps & Strategies)?
On the map below, neatly label the following (see notes, textbook pages 233 and 1010-11, and map at
the front of the room for help):
Confederacy
Union
border states
Richmond, VA
Washington, DC
Mississippi River
Atlantic Ocean
Consider the advantages of the North (see previous page) and South and answer the following:
What possible strategy could the North pursue in the war?
What possible strategy could the South pursue in the war?
Strategies:
The North’s Plan: The ____________________________ Plan
1.
2.
3.
The South’s Plan:
1.
2.
Name ___________________________
Page 35
How effective were the strategies used by the North and
the South in fighting the Civil War (July 1861 - July 1862)?
War in the East:
term
definition
first battle of the Civil War; Confederate victory that destroyed the
widespread belief in the North that the war would end quickly and
increased the confidence of the South
extra note:
Confederate general who defeated the Union forces that were trying to
take Richmond, VA
extra note:
leader of the Confederate troops; very successful leading troops in the
East
extra note:
Union general that was known for not attacking quickly; lost many battles
and did not take advantage of wins frustrating Lincoln and making the
war last longer
extra note:
The Oceanfront:
term
definition
what kept the Confederacy from trading cotton for food and weapons
extra note:
The War in the West:
term
definition
Union general that was successful in the West
extra note:
river that was being taken by the Union, driving a wedge into Southern
territory and cutting off the quickest path between the eastern battlefields
and the West
extra note:
This time period covers July of 1861 to July of 1862, the first year of the war.
Which parts of the Union’s Anaconda Plan was working in the first year of the war?
Explain.
terms I do not know
terms I sort of know
terms I know
Name _________________________
Page 36
How effective were the strategies used by the North and the
South in fighting the Civil War (Turning Points: 1862-1863)?

Elongated war both helped and hurt the South:
o
Helped because ___________________ was more likely if war was longer
o
Hurt because ___________________ were running low and commercial link to Europe
was all but gone, a link to which ____________________ looked for trade as well as
diplomatic ___________________

New bold __________________ for both sides:
__________—thrust into Northern territory to limit support for war
__________—emancipation after any improvement on the battlefield
term
definition
Lee fails at attacking the North in the
North, kept from threatening Northern
industry and financial institutions;
Britain and France abandon plans to
recognize the Confederacy because of
this loss
extra note:
issued by Lincoln after Union
victory at Antietam, this said that
all slaves in Confederate territory
were free; this connected the
Union war effort to freedom
extra note:
Lee attacks North unsuccessfully again;
this defeat hurt the South so badly that
they would not be able to ever again have
enough soldiers to invade the North
extra note:
term
definition
Lincoln’s speech dedicating the
graveyard of Gettysburg
soldiers, comparing the cause
of the Revolutionary War to the
cause of the Civil War; this
would inspire continued morale
in the North
extra note:
Ulysses S. Grant takes this
Confederate fort on the Mississippi,
finalizing the Union’s taking of the
Mississippi River
extra note:
Who benefited the most from the changes to the strategies of each side in the second
year of the war (1862-1863), the Union or the Confederacy? Explain.
Name __________________________
Page 37
What changes came about during the Civil War in America
(the Civil War as the first modern war)?
Some things that define modern warfare:
1.
It is _____________________ (you do not see who you are killing).
2.
There is ____________ killing (many people killed at once)
On the list below, circle anything that meets the qualifications for modern warfare.
Also, underline anything that seems like an important development in how war is fought, but does not
define modern warfare.
Civil War firsts
A workable machine gun
A steel ship
A successful submarine
A "snorkel" breathing device
A wide-ranging corps of press correspondents in
battle areas
American conscription (the draft)
American bread lines
American President assassinated
Aerial reconnaissance (spying by air)
Antiaircraft fire
Army ambulance corps
Blackouts and camouflage under aerial
Cigarette tax
Commissioned American Army chaplains
Department of justice (Confederate)
Electrically exploded bombs and torpedoes
Fixed ammunition
Field trenches on a grand scale
Flame throwers
Hospital ships
Ironclad navies
Land-mine fields
Legal voting for servicemen
Long-range rifles for general use
Medal of Honor
Military telegraph
Military railroads
Naval torpedoes
Negro U.S. Army Officer (Major M.R. Delany)
Organized medical and nursing corps
Photography of battle
Railroad artillery
Repeating rifles
Revolving gun turrets
The bugle call, "Taps"
The Income tax
The periscope, for trench warfare
Telescopic sights for rifles
Tobacco tax
U.S. Navy Admiral
U.S. Secret Service
Withholding tax
Wire entanglements
Wide-scale use of anesthetics
What changes came about during the Civil War in America
(Wartime Politics in the North)?
term
definition
used his executive authority to suppress opposition; i.e. suspended writ
of habeas corpus
extra note:
Northern Democrats who wanted
peace with the South
extra note:
A group of Republicans that wanted to punish the South for seceding
extra note:
Overall, Republicans pass legislation __________________, such as the Homestead Act
Name ________________________
Page 38
What changes came about during the Civil War
(discrimination of African American soldiers)?
If you were an African American in the United States during the Civil War, would you join the
Union army? Why or why not?
Based on the movie Glory, document three ways that you see African American soldiers face
discrimination and inequality as soldiers for the Union army. Also, answer the questions that
follow.
Three ways that we see African American soldiers face discrimination and inequality:
1.
2.
3.
Though discrimination continues, how does African Americans’ role in the U.S. military
change in the Civil War?
Follow-up Question: If you were an African
American in the United States during the Civil War,
would you still join the Union army after seeing
Glory? Why or why not?
How effective were the strategies used by the North and the
South in fighting the Civil War (the war ends, 1864-65)?

_______________ takes over Union forces in March 1864, enacting a plan of constant,
coordinated ___________________

Lee’s only hope was to make battles so ____________ that Grant would abandon his plans

Grant’s plan ________ work in the long run, but at a high cost
term
description (with added note)
Union general given the task of attacking Atlanta
extra note:
Sherman’s total war campaign through the heart of the South from
Tennessee to Savannah; took Atlanta in September of 1864
extra note:
this is when Lincoln defeated George McClellan to remain President,
largely helped by Sherman’s taking Atlanta
extra note:
Amendment to end slavery
extra note:
where Lee finally surrendured the main Confederate army
extra note:
What happened to Lincoln at Ford’s Theater; Southern reaction is
mixed because he was both the enemy and a moderating influence on
Radical Republicans
extra note:
What changes came about during the Civil War
(final results)?

______________ victory

________________________________ argument (especially nullification and secession) ended

________________ dead

________________________ spent

______________________________ ends slavery