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Indian & Chinese Societies—1100BCE-500CE
Name:
Test 2:
2.3 Planned Cities on the Indus
I.
Early Indian Civilization
a.
b.
Little is known because the Indian system of
c.
Planned
i. Over 100
iii. Ancient cities: Kalibangan,
ii. Most in modern day
II.
Indus Culture
a. Language
i. About 400 symbols believed to
b.
Culture
i. Limited
c.
Religion
i.
d.
ii. Little
ii. Artifacts reveal links to
Trade
i. What? Gold, silver,
ii. Where?
2.3 Answer the following questions as you read the section.
1. What term do geographers use to refer to the landmass that includes India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh?
2. What geographic barriers separate India from the rest of the continent?
3. What is another term for Indus Valley civilization? How did it get that name?
4. What are some examples of the sophisticated city planning of the Indus Valley people?
5. Why has it been impossible for linguists to decipher the Harrapan language?
6. List 4 characteristics of Harrapan culture.
7. What items did Harrapans trade with other people in the region?
8. What is the probable cause of the end of Indus Valley culture?
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7.1 India’s First Empires
I.
The Mauryan Empire
a.
Chandragupta Maurya seized power in
b.
Empire stretched over
c.
How did he do this?
d.
i. 600,000
iii. 9,000
ii. 30,000
iv. High taxes to
Kautilya:
i. Tough-minded politics
II.
e.
301 BC Maurya’s son took
f.
269 BC Maurya’s grandson, Ashoka, took the
ii. Divided empire into 4
Ashoka “Peace to All Beings”
a.
Saddened by war, Ashoka ruled by
i. Fair/
b.
Edicts of
c.
Improved road
i. Travel easier,
d.
III.
Ashoka’s death marked the end of the
The Gupta Empire
a.
Following 500 years of turmoil…
b.
“Great King of Kings”
i. Married into his
c.
Samudra Gupta
i. Assumed his
IV.
ii. Expanded the empire through
The Golden Age
a.
Chandra Gupta
i. Trade with the
b.
ii. Diplomatic
Daily life
i. Small
iii. Northern (
ii. Farmers,
c.
Over the next 100 years the Gupta Empire broke into small kingdoms where many were overrun by
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3.2 Hinduism and Buddhism Develop
I.
II.
Hinduism
a.
Cannot be traced to
c.
Largest
b.
Religion is a way of liberating the soul
from the illusions, disappointments, and
d.
Karma
e.
Monotheistic—only one supreme being.
Buddhism
a.
Siddhartha Gautama
i. Born into a
b.
ii. Prophet indicated that he would
He left home at 29 and
i. Religious debate/
ii. After 49 days of meditation he found the understanding of the cause of the cause of
c.
Four
i. The cause and
d.
The Eightfold
i. Guide to behavior for
e.
III.
Hinduism and Buddhism
a.
IV.
Following the
Hinduism
b. Buddhism
i.
i.
ii.
ii.
iii.
iii.
iv.
iv.
v.
v.
Diffusion of Buddhism
a.
Following Buddha’s death…
i. Missionaries spread his faith over large parts of
ii. Buddhism gradually
1.
Theory: Hinduism
2.
However, today, India is an important place of
iii.
iv. Most widespread religion in
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2.4 River Dynasties in China
I.
Chinese Civilization
a.
2000BCE China’s first
i.
b.
Shang Dynasty
i. First
ii. Enclosed cities made of
1.
II.
Capital:
Chinese Culture
a.
Patriarchal Family
i. Women are
1.
b.
arranged marriage
2.
bearing sons could
Strict Caste System
i. Working Class: society divided workers based on the perceived usefulness of their work.
c.
1.
Scholars: created clear ideas that would
2.
Farmers/artisans: produced food
3.
Merchants: did not produce
4.
Soldiers: created
Religious Beliefs
i. Paid respect to
d.
Writing
i. Spoken/written
III.
ii. Oracle
ii. All of China could read/
Zhou Dynasty
a.
Overthrew
b.
Mandate of Heaven
c.
Feudalism
i. Nobles (lords) are granted a king’s land
d.
Innovations
i. Roads/Canals
iii. Developed
ii. Introduced coined $$ 
e.
The end of a dynasty
i.
iii. Warring
ii. Murder of the
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4.4 The Unification of China
IV.
Confucius
a.
Scholar
b.
Lived while the
c.
Confucianism is based on the
d.
Believed that social order, harmony, and good environment could be restored if society follow 5 basic
relationships:
i. Ruler/
iv. Older/
ii. Father/
v. Friend/
iii. Husband/
V.
The Qin Dynasty
a.
Replaced the Zhou Dynasty in the
b.
Shi Huangdi
c.
What did he do?
i. Ended internal battles in attempts to
ii. Defeated invaders and doubled the size of
iii. “Strengthening the trunk and weakening the branches”
1.
destroy the power of
2.
Nobles must move to
iv. Murdered hundreds of
v. 4,000 miles of highway
vi. Standardized writing, law, currency, and
vii. Irrigation projects 
viii. Harsh
ix. The Great Wall of China 
x. Created an
xi. 202BC: Qin Dynasty gave way to the
I.
The Examination System
a. Determined who would enter the
b.
Any male adult in China could become a high-ranking government official by
c.
By passing exam, the entire
d.
Studying for the examination was
e.
What were the tests like?
i. Poetry,
f.
ii.
The Examination System lasted
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Map of India
Label the following on the map of India below with the appropriate color:
Bodies of Water (blue)
Arabian Sea
Bay of Bengal
Ganges River
Godavari River
Indus River
Krishna River
Mountains, etc (brown)
Bolan Pass
Deccan Plateau (
Easter Ghats
Himalayan Mountains
Hindu Kush
Indo-Gangetic Plain
Karakoram Mountains
Khyber Pass
Western Ghats
Cities (red)
Harappa
Kalibangan
Mohenjo-Daro
Indus Valley Civ (orange)
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Map of China
Label the following on the map below using the appropriate colors: (use the maps in the textbook on pages 51 and 108)
Bodies of Water (blue)
Bay of Bengal
East China Sea
Ganges River
Pacific Ocean
South China Sea
Xi Jiang
Yangtze River
Yellow River
Yellow Sea
Border of modern China
(orange)
Cities (red)
Anyang
Hao
Louyang
Panlongcheng
Yangzhou
Zhengzhou
Geographical features
(brown)
Gobi Desert
Himalayas
North China Plain
Plateau of Tibet
Taklimakan Desert
Extent of Shang Dynasty
(green)
Extent of Zhou Dynasty
(purple)
Extent of Qin Dynasty
(yellow)
Great Wall of China
(black)
Countries (black)
Burma
India
Mongolia
Tibet
Vietnam
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Lost Civilizations: China
1.
How did we discover that the Shang Dynasty was more than legend? Where was its capital?
2.
What did archaeologists find in the tombs of the Shang rulers?
3.
Who was Fu Hou? What were some of her accomplishments?
4.
What were the corruptions that led to the fall of the Shang Dynasty?
5.
What was the capital of the Zhou Dynasty?
6.
How were the Zhou kings different from their predecessors?
7.
What led to the downfall of the Zhou?
8.
In the film, how did the Zhou general “psyche-out” his enemy in 496BC?
9.
How did the Qin emperor offer social mobility to his soldiers?
10. Why was the Great Wall built? What are the dimensions? How long did it take?
11. What methods and changes were used by the Qin rulers to unify and standardize China?
12. Why did the Qin attack scholars?
13. How did Qin die in 210 BC? What was his tomb like?
14. How did Wu Di deal with nomadic raiders?
15. What was the most important item of trade for China?
16. How far did Wu Di’s ambassador travel? What was the result of his wanderings?
17. What was discovered at the tomb at Xiangshan?
18. What have scientists discovered about Lady Xin?
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Biography: Confucius—Words of Wisdom
1.
What was the status of the China in the 6th Century BC?
2.
Who was Confucius’ father?
3.
How old were Confucius’ parents when he was born?
4.
What did Confucius look like?
5.
As a young man, Confucius had an appetite for _____________________.
6.
Confucius found himself with no family when his ____________ died.
7.
How tall was Confucius?
8.
What was his one advantage in life?
9.
Where did Confucius live in China?
10. What was used as money in ancient China?
11. How would class distinctions disappear, according to Confucius?
12. Who was accepted to Confucius’ school?
13. Being a “Superior Man” was based on ________________ not wealth or social class.
14. How did society change (for the good) when Confucius governed?
15. How did the conspirators distract the young emperor? How did affect Confucius and his followers?
16. In 497 BC, Confucius was forced into _______________.
17. According to Confucius, what is worse than a man-eating tiger?
18. What happened to Confucius in 484BC after 13 years of wondering?
19. What 2 things did Confucius love about his favorite disciple?
20. Why did Confucius die feeling like a failure?
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2.4 River Dynasties in China Chart—Fill out the chart below by describing key features of ancient China.
1. Geographical Features
2. Environmental Challenges
3. Settlements
4. Social Classes
5. Role of Family
6. Religious Beliefs
7. Writing System
8. Technological Advances
9. Artistry
Study guide
SSWH2 The student will identify the major achievements of Chinese and
Indian societies from 1100 BCE to 500 CE.
a. Describe the development of Indian civilization; include the rise and fall of
the Maurya Empire, the “Golden Age” under Gupta, and the emperor Ashoka.
b. Explain the development and impact of Hinduism and Buddhism on India
and subsequent diffusion of Buddhism.
c. Describe the development of Chinese civilization under the Zhou and Qin.
Early Indian Civilization
Indus culture
Mauryan Empire
Chandragupta Maurya
Kautilya
Ashoka/Edicts of Ashoka
Gupta Empire
Chandra Gupta I
Samudra Gupta
Chandra Gupta II
The Golden Age
Hinduism
Beliefs
Moksha
d. Explain the impact of Confucianism on Chinese culture; include the
examination system, the Mandate of Heaven, the status of peasants, the status of
merchants, and the patriarchal family, and explain diffusion to Southeast Asia,
Japan, and Korea.
e. Explain how the geography of the Indian Subcontinent contributed to the
movement of people and ideas.
Essay Topics:
1. Compare and contrast Hinduism and Buddhism.
2. . Compare and contrast daily life in the Indus River
Valley, under the Gupta Empire, and under the Zhou
Dynasty.
Buddhism
Beliefs
Nirvana
Siddhartha Gautama
Four Noble Truths
Eightfold Path
Diffusion of Buddhism
Ancient Chinese civilization
Chinese Culture
Class system
Zhou Dynasty
Mandate of Heaven
Feudalism
Innovations
Qin Dynasty
Shi Huangdi
Achievements
Confucius
5 basic relationships
Examination system
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