Download GRADE 8

ATMOSPHERE
UNIT QUESTIONS
Grade 8
Unit – Atmosphere
QUESTION
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
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FORMAT
MC
MC
MC
MC
MC
MC
MC
MC
MC
MC
MC
MC
MC
MC
MC
MC
MC
MC
MC
MC
MC
MC
MC
MC
MC
MC
MC
MC
MC
MC
MC
MC
MC
MC
MC
MC
MC
MC
STANDARD
2.2l
2.2l; 2.2k; 2.2e
2.2l; 2.2n
2.2l, 2.2o
2.2q
2.2l; 22.2o
2.1a
2.1a
2.2o; 2.2m
2.2m
2.2q
2.1d
2.1j
2.2i; 2.2n
1.2r
2.2o
2.2l
2.1a
2.2m; 2.2n
2.2m; .2n
2.1a
2.1a
2.1b
2.2r
2.2r
2.2r
1.1i
2.1b
2.1a
2.2l
2.2o
2.2l
2.1b
2.1a
2.1j
2.1j
2.1j
2.1j
2
Grade 8
Unit – Atmosphere
QUESTION
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
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FORMAT
CR
CR
CR
CR
CR
CR
CR
CR
CR
CR
CR
CR
CR
CR
CR
CR
CR
STANDARD
2.1d; 2.2r
2.2n; 2.2r
2.2r
2.1j
2.1a
2.1a
2.1a
2.1a
2.2r
2.2r
2.2r
2.2r
2.2l; 2.2m
2.2l; 2.2m; 2.2n; 2.2o
2.2l; 2.2m; 2.2n; 2.2o
2.2l; 2.2m; 2.2n; 2.2o
2.2l; 2.2m; 2.2n; 2.2o
3
Base your answer to question 1 on the diagram below.
1.
If the weather was cloudy for two weeks, the town whose energy source would be most
affected is _________________________.
A)
B)
2.
C)
D)
Glen Arm
Alexandria
C)
D)
low pressure systems.
high pressure systems.
Cloudy weather is usually associated with
A)
B)
3.
Wheaton.
Silver Spring.
prevailing winds.
volcanic eruptions.
Look at the map below.
At which point is a warm dry air mass likely to form?
A)
B)
4.
A
B
C)
D)
C
D
Precipitation is most likely to occur at the boundaries between
A)
B)
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air masses.
continents.
C)
D)
layers of rock.
layers of atmosphere.
4
5.
Which event is likely to add the larges amount of dust and gases into the atmosphere?
A)
B)
6.
volcanic eruption
mountain formation
cold front.
warm front.
C)
D)
occluded front
stationary front.
The ozone layer, which protects living things on Earth from harmful ultraviolet radiation, is
found in which layer of the atmosphere?
A)
B)
8.
C)
D)
A warm air mass slides over a cold air mass, forming a(n)
A)
B)
7.
flood
earthquake
troposphere
stratosphere
C)
D)
mesosphere
thermosphere
In addition to oxygen, which gases make up the largest percentage of Earth’s atmosphere?
A)
B)
C)
D)
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hydrogen, helium, and water vapor
hydrogen, methane, and ozone
carbon dioxide, water, vapor, and nitrogen
carbon dioxide, methane, and helium
5
Base your answers to questions 9 and 10 on the weather map below, which shows a typical
low-pressure system located over part of North America in May. The numbers on the map
indicate the air temperature in degrees Fahrenheit.
9.
The fronts shown on the weather map are best described as
A)
B)
C)
D)
10.
The symbol (
A)
B)
C)
D)
11.
boundaries between different air masses.
boundaries between different wind belts.
areas experiencing clear skies with light winds.
areas experiencing extremely warm air temperatures.
) shown on the map best represents
the probable direction of storm movement for the next 12 hours.
ocean currents moving the storm system toward the east.
convection currents associated with the storm system.
the beginning location of the storm system.
Dust and ash entering the atmosphere as a result of volcanic eruptions can affect Earth’s
A)
B)
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tidal activity.
orbital shape.
C)
D)
weather and climate.
rotation and revolution.
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12.
The surface of Earth is covered by a relatively thin layer of water called the
A)
B)
13.
C)
D)
hydrosphere.
atmosphere.
Which title best describes the processes shown in the diagram below?
A)
B)
14.
crust.
mantle.
The Rock Cycle
The Water Cycle
C)
D)
Plate Tectonics
Chemical Changes
The map below shows an air mass that formed over the Gulf of Mexico at location A.
Once air mass A reaches location B, the weather conditions at location B will most likely
become
A)
B)
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warmer and drier.
warmer and more humid.
C)
D)
colder and more humid.
colder and drier.
7
15.
Which graph best represents the relationship between the amount of pollutants in the air and
the quality of the air?
16.
The weather map below shows the locations of a warm and a cold front over part of North
America.
The numbered lines on the weather map connect locations with the same
A)
B)
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wind direction.
wind speed.
C)
D)
air temperature.
air pressure.
8
Base your answer to question 17 on the map below and on your knowledge of science. The
map shows the origin of a maritime tropical air mass. The arrow shows the general track of
this air mass. New York State is labeled NY.
17.
Which temperature and moisture conditions are associated with this air mass?
A)
B)
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cold and dry
warm and humid
C)
D)
cold and humid
warm and dry
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18.
The diagram below shows the relative wavelengths for several types of electromagnetic
energy.
Which type of electromagnetic energy has a shorter wavelength than ultraviolet waves?
A)
C)
visible light
microwaves
C)
D)
x rays
infrared light
Use the diagram to answer questions 19 and 20.
19.
Which area of the United States is likely experiencing stormy weather?
A)
B)
20.
West
East
C)
D)
North
South
Which area of the United States is likely experiencing strong winds?
A)
B)
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West
Southeast
C)
D)
Northeast
South
10
21.
Which is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere?
A)
B)
C)
D)
22.
In which atmospheric layer does weather occur?
A)
B)
C)
D)
23.
methane
oxygen
nitrogen
carbon dioxide
Without greenhouse gases, Earth’s surface would be much
A)
B)
C)
D)
27.
nitrogen
oxygen
carbon dioxide
helium
Which gas is released into the atmosphere by burning fuel?
A)
B)
C)
D)
26.
at sea level
in the space station orbiting Earth
on the top of Mount Everest
on the Moon
Which of the following is a greenhouse gas?
A)
B)
C)
D)
25.
troposphere
stratosphere
mesosphere
thermosphere
Foods cook faster with greater air pressure. Where would foods cook the fastest?
A)
B)
C)
D)
24.
nitrogen
oxygen
carbon dioxide
water vapor
higher.
lower.
warmer.
colder.
Changes in weather are related to changes in the position of
A)
B)
C)
D)
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the Sun.
the Moon.
air masses.
tectonic plates.
11
28.
A plane is flying at an altitude of 12,000 feet. As the altitude of the plane decreases to 3,000
feet, how does the air pressure outside the plane change?
A.
B.
C.
D.
29.
decreases.
increases.
does not change.
decreases then increase.
Which layer of the atmosphere contains the greatest concentration of Earth’s gases?
A)
B)
C)
D)
troposphere
stratosphere
mesosphere
thermosphere
Base your answers to questions 30 – 31 on the diagram below which shows the location
and movement of two different air masses.
30.
The air mass over city B would be classified as
A)
B)
31.
C)
D)
continental tropical.
continental polar.
The boundary line between the two air masses is known as
A)
B)
32.
maritime polar .
maritime tropical.
the eye.
a front.
C)
D)
a high pressure system.
the stratosphere.
A weather forecast for city B would be
A)
B)
C)
D)
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clearing skies with cooler temperatures.
increasing clouds with cooler temperatures.
increasing clouds with warmer temperatures.
clearing skies with increasing temperatures.
12
Base your answers to questions 33 and 34 on the diagram below which shows the path of a
weather balloon released from a ship.
33.
At which letter would the highest air pressure be recorded?
A)
B)
34.
A
B
C)
D)
C
D
C)
D)
easily polluted.
warm.
This diagram shows that the atmosphere is
A)
B)
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clean.
layered.
13
Base your answers to questions 35 – 38 on the diagram of the water cycle shown below.
35.
Which arrow represents transpiration?
A)
B)
36.
C
D
A
B
C)
D)
C
D
What provides the energy to move water along arrows C and D?
A)
B)
38.
C)
D)
Which arrows represent the processes that increase humidity in the air?
A)
B)
37.
A
B
A
B
C)
D)
C
D
At which location is condensation occurring?
A)
B)
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A
B
C)
D)
C
D
14
Base your answers to questions 1 through 3 on the passage below and on your knowledge of
science.
Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide are pollutants released into the atmosphere from the
burning of fossil fuels. These pollutants combine with moisture in the air to form acid rain.
A main source of these pollutants can be traced to power plants located in the mid-western
United States. Due to weather patterns, the effects of acid rain have been most severe in the
northeastern United States, including New York State.
The acid rain destroys the natural balance in lakes and streams and kills many species of
fish. Acidic conditions affect not only lakes and forests, but also buildings and statues
composed of limestone and marble. Other materials, such as metals, ceramics, glass,
paints, and leather, are affected by acid rain.
1.
Which two pollutants combine with water vapor in the air to produce acid rain?
[1]
_____________________________________ and _________________________________
2.
Describe how the prevailing winds play a role in the amount of acid rain that occurs in New
York State.
[1]
__________________________________________________________________________
3.
Identify one action that could be taken to reduce the amount of acid rain.
[1]
__________________________________________________________________________
4.
The diagram below uses letters A, B, C, and D to represent processes occurring in a water
cycle.
In the chart below, identify the process that is occurring at each letter in the diagram. Select
the process from the list below.
[2]
Processes
condensation
evaporation
precipitation
runoff
Letter
A
B
C
D
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Process That Is Occurring
15
Base your answers to questions 5 through 8 on the paragraph and chart below
5.
Layer
Altitude
(in kilometers)
Description
troposphere
0-15
75% of atmospheric gases are here;
weather occurs here; planes and birds fly
in this layer
stratosphere
15-50
contains ozone layer and jet stream;
weather balloons travel in this layer
mesosphere
50-85
temperatures get much colder as altitude
increases in this layer
thermosphere
85-600
temperatures get much hotter as altitude
increases in this layer; almost no air
In the troposphere, temperature decreases as altitude increases. In which layer does
temperature increase as altitude increases?
[1]
__________________________________________________________________________
6.
List the four main layers of the atmosphere, and state how thick each layer is.
[1]
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
7.
On a mission, a space shuttle orbited Earth at an altitude of 240 miles. In which layer of the
atmosphere is the shuttle?
[1]
__________________________________________________________________________
8.
A space shuttle flies through the thermosphere, which is a layer of the atmosphere.
Why would astronauts wear special suits if they went outside of the space shuttle in the
thermosphere?
[1]
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
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16
The graphs below show the temperature changes that have occurred on Earth since 1860 and
the changes in carbon dioxide that have occurred in the atmosphere during this same time.
9.
Based on the graphs, write one complete sentence that explains the relationship between
temperature change and amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
[1]
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
10.
Carbon dioxide is classified as a “greenhouse” gas. Explain what this means.
[1]
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
11.
Name the human activity that probably caused the increase of carbon dioxide in the
atmosphere.
[1]
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
12.
Propose one way we can help to decrease the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
[1]
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
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17
The map below shows a weather system affecting a part of the United States.
13.
Lightly shade in the area where precipitation is most likely occurring at the present time. [1]
__________________________________________________________________________
14.
Describe the weather conditions in Alabama.
[1]
__________________________________________________________________________
15.
Write a weather forecast for New York which includes temperature, sky cover, and
precipitation changes that may occur.
[1]
__________________________________________________________________________
16.
Use a large double arrow (
system will move.
) to show the direction in which the low pressure
[1]
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
17.
Describe the present weather conditions at the H. Include temperature, sky cover, and
precipitation.
[1]
__________________________________________________________________________
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