Download B 262, F 2006

BIOLOGY 262, FALL 2006 – IN CLASS
EXAMINATION #2 (PART 1)
Date
Name
MULTIPLE CHOICE.⎯For the following multiple choice questions circle the letter in front of the
response that best answers the question or completes the sentence. (20%, 2% each)
6. Which of the following traditional
1. Which of the following is an assumption
Linnean taxonomic ranks is just “above”
of scientific philosophy?
Class (the next most inclusive taxon)?
a. Different events cannot have the
a. Genus
same cause.
b. Kingdom
b. Only experimental observations can
c. Order
prove hypotheses to be true.
d. Phylum
c. Senses never reflect reality.
e. Species
d. The universe is ordered.
e. None of the above. (None are assumptions)
7. Which of the following is when a
bacterium takes in DNA from the
2. In a population at Hardy-Weinberg
environment around the bacterium?
equilibrium, if the frequency of AA is
a. binary fission
0.16, then what is the frequency of aa?
b. conjugation
a. 0.16
c. transcription
b. 0.36
d. transformation
c. 0.48
e. None of the above
d. 0.60
e. None of the above
3. As described in The Evolution Explosion and
the textbook a study of fruit fly bristles where
researchers bred only flies with specific
numbers of bristles demonstrated…
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
artificial selection.
genetic drift.
mutation.
outbreeding.
sexual selection.
4. Death of small and large sparrows during
storms as described in The Evolution
Explosion is an example of…
a. artificial selection.
b. directional selection.
c. disruptive selection.
d. sexual selection.
e. stabilizing selection.
5. Which of the following is an assumption
of the Hardy-Weinberg theorem?
a. genetic drift occurs
b. gene flow from another population occurs
c. mutation occurs
d. natural selection occurs
e. random mating occurs
8. If a population of 2000 is undergoing
exponential growth with a yearly
intrinsic rate of increase of 0.10 then what
is the size of the population after 2 years?
a. 2200
b. 2400
c. 2420
d. 2242
e. None of the above.
9. If a population of 1000 is undergoing
logistic growth with a yearly intrinsic rate
of increase of 0.50, and a carrying
capacity of 5000 then what is the size of
the population after 2 years?
a. 1400
b. 1700
c. 1800
d. 1904
e. None of the above.
10. Which of the following is a correct
species name?
a. coli
b. Coli
c. Escherichia
d. Escherichia Coli
e. None of the above
SHORT ANSWER.⎯For the following briefly answer as appropriate. (10%)
1. Fill in the missing ranks in the Linnean
classification below. (2%)
2. Identify three things that are “wrong” or
misleading about this illustration. (6%)
Kingdom
Order
Species
2. Hypothesis: There will be higher species
richness of forbs in buffalo grazed areas
than ungrazed areas.
a.
Data Based on Quadrat Samples
mean # forb species per m2 ungrazed = 6.33
mean # forb species per m2 grazed = 7.05
P-value = 0.049
b.
Hypothesis supported or rejected? (1%)
c.
Explain why ↑. (1%)
DEFINITIONS.⎯For the following BIOLOGICAL words or phrases define them as accurately and
concisely as possible. (20%, 4% each)
1. Biological Evolution:
2. Ecological Succession:
3. Genetic Drift:
4. Intermediate Nutrient Hypothesis
5. Natural Selection:
BIOLOGY 262, FALL 2006, EXAMINATION #2 (PART 2)
Date
Name
FREE RESPONSE QUESTIONS/PROBLEMS.⎯For the following, address each in as concise and lucid a
manner as possible. Do NOT exceed the space provided. (50%)
1. Use the data below to construct a phylogenetic tree of the species in the left column. Show the derived traits
on your phylogenetic tree. OG = Outgroup
(14%)
wings
metamorphosis
scales on
wings
larval head
thoraxabdomen
Moth
present
complete
present
present
Butterfly
present
complete
present
Bee
Fruit Fly
Dragonfly
present
present
present
complete
complete
incomplete
absent
absent
absent
Springtail OG
absent
incomplete
absent
well
developed
well
developed
reduced
reduced
well
developed
well
developed
present
absent
absent
absent
absent
2. The Amazon Basin of South America (called Amazonia) is a hot, wet, flat
tropical lowland forest area along the equator.
(a) Briefly explain why Amazonia is climatically wet? (6%)
Amazonia is one of the most species rich places on the planet.
(b) What are two regional patterns of species richness that would allow you to predict that
Amazonia would have high species richness? (5%)
During the last ice ages there were repeated periods of thousands of years where the rainforest was
broken into smaller areas separated by grassland, later the tropical forest became continuous again.
(c) Briefly, how could this past pattern would have increased speciation in Amazonia? (5%)
3. There is a single gene that controls the ability of the garter snake to consume rough-skinned newts
that make the strong poison tetraodotoxin (TTX). Garter snakes with two resistance alleles have much more
food but can then crawl only very slowly and are vulnerable to their own predators. Garter snakes with two
normal alleles have less food but can crawl rapidly and are much less vulnerable to their own predators.
a.) Samples of 100 individuals from two populations of this garter snake were sampled for their
genotype for the tetraodotoxin resistance gene. The allele NTTX is the resistance allele. The allele
NA is the normal allele.
population
NTTX NTTX
NTTX NA
NA NA
rough-skinned newts
Oregon population
150
800
50
present
California population
0
90
910
absent
Calculate the Hardy-Weinberg expected numbers for both populations and indicate if each is at
Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. (12%)
b.) Interpret your results above in terms of evolution (or lack of evolution) of the two populations using
all the information above. Briefly, what evolutionarily is happening in each population? (I am looking
for both a general statement and a statement of specifically and mechanistically what is happening, or not happening, in
each population.) (8%)