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Download PRACTICE TEST #4 – FULL ANALYSIS Topics to Know Explanation
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Topics to Know PRACTICE TEST #4 – FULL ANALYSIS Explanation 1. How to factor 2. Inverse Functions Switching logs to exponents (𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑏 𝑎 = 𝑒 ↔ 𝑏 𝑒 = 𝑎) Multiplying binomials (FOIL) Write it out as two binomials first, and FOIL Converting imaginary numbers carefully. Remember that no ‘powers’ of 𝑖 can be in your final answer. 𝑖 2 = −1 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. How to work with complex fractions GCF always goes first, if possible. Then, case I or case II trinomial factoring To take the inverse of a function, (1) switch x and y, then (2) re-solve for y Two steps (1) find the LCD of all little fractions, (2) multiply each piece by the FULL LCD and cancel what you can. The point is to get all of the ‘little’ fractions to cancel out. Solving inequalities and testing Set equal to 9 to find your critical points. Think what’s inside the absolute value brackets can be equal to 9 (because the absolute value of 9 is 9), or it could be equal to -9 (because the absolute value of -9 is 9) Once you have the critical points, test any number you’d like in each of the three sections back into the original inequality to see what sections are true, and which are false Calculator Skills! Enter the data into List1 Run 1-Var Stats Sample standard deviation is 𝑺𝑥 Domain Restrictions Domain is all x-values. You can plug in any Denominators ≠ 0 real number you can think of for x, unless it Radicals ≥ 0 makes this denominator equal zero… that’s a no-no Composition of functions Plug 5 into the f function first. Then plug Work from the inside out that answer into the g function Work 2 5𝑥(𝑥 − 4𝑥 + 3) = 0 5𝑥(𝑥 − 3)(𝑥 − 1) = 0 𝑦 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔3 𝑥 𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔3 𝑦 (switch x and y) 3𝑥 = 𝑦 (convert log into exponent to re-solve for y) (3 − 5𝑖)(3 − 5𝑖) 9 − 15𝑖 − 15𝑖 + 25𝑖 2 9 − 30𝑖 + 25𝑖 2 9 − 30𝑖 − 25 −16 − 30𝑖 1 +1 𝑥 1 −1 𝑥 LCD: x 1 (𝑥) + (𝑥)1 𝑥 1 (𝑥) − (𝑥)1 𝑥 1+𝑥 1−𝑥 2𝑥 + 3 = 9 2𝑥 + 3 = −9 𝑥=3 𝑥 = −6 Test: 𝑥 = −8 𝑥=0 |2(−8) + 3| < 9 |2(0) + 3| < 9 13 < 9 3<9 False TRUE 2𝑥 + 10 ≠ 0 𝑥 ≠ −5 𝑓(5) = 4(5) − 5 = 15 𝑔(15) = −2(15) + 7 = −𝟐𝟑 𝑥=4 |2(4) + 3| < 9 11 < 9 False PRACTICE TEST #4 – FULL ANALYSIS 9. Simplifying Radicals Break each individual radical down. Terms can be combined when the variables and the radicals match 10. Function: No x-values repeat One-to-one: No y-values repeat 11. (Reference sheet formula) Look for an answer choice that does not have any repeating y’s (one-to-one) and does not have any repeating x’s (function) Draw & Label. Ensure that the angle used is in between the two sides used. 12. 13. 14. Function: No x-values repeat Calculator skills! Multiplying Binomials Pythagorean Trig Identities 15. Shifts 16. Sum & Product formulas 17. (Reference sheet formula) 18. 19. 4𝑥√4√5𝑥 − 5√𝑥 2 √5𝑥 4𝑥 ⋅ 2√5𝑥 − 5 ⋅ 𝑥√5𝑥 8𝑥√5𝑥 − 5𝑥√5𝑥 3𝑥√5𝑥 1 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = 2 (23)(14)(sin 71) 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = 152.2 Vertical line test Multiply them out carefully Then, using Pythagorean identities (you know it’s pythag because there’s a trig function squared), turn it into one trig function The number added/subtracted attached to the x is your left & right movement (it’s backwards) The number added/subtracted outside of the x is your up & down movement 𝑏 𝑐 Sum = − 𝑎 Product = 𝑎 (1 − cos 𝑥)(1 + cos 𝑥) 1 − cos2 𝑥 Pythag Identity: sin2 𝑥 + cos 2 𝑥 = 1 sin2 𝑥 = 1 − cos 2 𝑥 sin2 𝑥 −(−4) 1 9 = 41 Sum = Use a quick right triangle & pythag theorem 𝑂𝑝𝑝 to find the value of sin (𝐻𝑦𝑝) cos 𝑥 Switch from log to exponent Variable stuck in a log… switch to exponent Arc Length formula Remember the angle must be in radians (it usually is) 51 = 𝑥 + 4 5=𝑥+4 𝑥=1 𝑠 𝜃=𝑟 =4 8 1 Product = = 8 40 sin 𝑥 = 41 sin 2𝑥 = 2(sin 𝑥)(cos 𝑥) 40 9 720 sin 2𝑥 = 2 (41) (41) = 1681 𝑠 2 = 10 𝑠 = 20 PRACTICE TEST #4 – FULL ANALYSIS 20. Review packet, Trig page, bottom left corner… SO IMPORTANT!!! Isolate (this one is simple solving)… ref angle… quadrants… put it all together Isolate: cos 𝜃 = 2 (1) 𝜃 = 45° (2) Quads 2 & 3 (3) 45° in quad 2 = 135° 45° in quad 3 = 225° 21. Axis of symmetry formula 𝑏 𝑥 = − 2𝑎 (the non-radical part of the quadratic formula!) 𝑥= 22. Factorial Formulas Watch out for double-negatives. Also can graph the parabola in your calculator and look for where the symmetry is The numerator is the total number of letters, the denominator backs out the repeats Isolate the absolute value part Think what’s inside the absolute value brackets can be equal to (because the absolute value of 8 is 8), or it could be equal to -8 (because the absolute value of -8 is 8) Sine goes through origin; cosine doesn’t Amplitude tells you how high the graph goes Frequency tells you how many FULL curves happen in 360° Also... plug the options into your calculator and see which one matches! (Zoom 7: ZTrig) For the 𝑟 𝑡ℎ term of (𝑎 + 𝑏)𝑛 ( 𝑛 𝐶𝑟−1 )(𝑎𝑛−(𝑟−1) )(𝑏𝑟−1 ) |3𝑥 − 4| = 8 3𝑥 − 4 = 8 𝑥=4 Move all of the negative exponents to the other side of the fraction line first, then combine and/or simplify as much as possible Look for factors that multiply to -24 (-8*3) and add to -10. Rewrite as 4 terms, then factor by grouping. Isolate the radical first Square both sides to get rid of the radical 20𝑥 5 35𝑥 3 𝑦 2 𝑦 3 20𝑥 5 4𝑥 2 = 35𝑥 3 𝑦 5 7𝑦 5 23. Solving Inequalities 24. Graphs of trig functions Amplitude Frequency 25. Binomial Expansion Formula Just memorize it... I promise you want to… it’s a regent’s favorite 26. Negative exponents 27. Case II Trinomial Factoring 28. Solving Radical Expressions −√2 −(−8) 2(4) 8 =8=1 Total: 10 letters A: 2 R: 2 10! 2!2! 3𝑥 − 4 = −8 4 𝑥 = −3 𝑛 = 6, 𝑟 = 4, 𝑟 − 1 = 3 ( 6 𝐶3 )(𝑥 6−3 )(43 ) (20)(𝑥 3 )(64) 1280𝑥 3 3𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 + 2𝑥 − 8 3𝑥(𝑥 − 4) + 2(𝑥 − 4) (3𝑥 + 2)(𝑥 − 4) √3𝑥 − 5 = 2 3𝑥 − 5 = 4 𝑥=3 PRACTICE TEST #4 – FULL ANALYSIS 29. 30. Compliments of Cofunctions are Equal THE TWO ANGLES ARE NOT EQUAL (Reference Sheet Formula) Sin and cos are COfunctions They are equal SO, the two angles must be compliments (add to 90°) 2 sides 2 angles… Law of SINES 31. Circle Formula 32. Solving Rational Expressions Center... opposite sign Radius… square root Find LCD Multiply each term by what’s MISSING Solve 3𝑥 − 4 + 5𝑥 + 14 = 90 8𝑥 + 10 = 90 𝑥 = 10 23 sin 61 𝑏 = sin 40 𝑏 = 16.9 Center (-15, -1) Radius = √196 = 14 10 4 2 + = LCD: (𝑥 − 3)(3) 𝑥−3 3 𝑥−3 3 10 𝑥−3 4 3 2 (3) 𝑥−3 + (𝑥−3) 3 = (3) 𝑥−3 30 4𝑥−12 6 + 3(𝑥−3) = 3(𝑥−3) 3(𝑥−3) 4𝑥+18 6 = 3(𝑥−3) 3(𝑥−3) 4𝑥 + 18 = 6 𝑥 = −3 33. Rationalizing Denominators Multiply top and bottom by the conjugate. Simplify carefully 34. Sigma Plug in all integers from the bottom number (4) to the top numbers (7) into the expression given. Add up all of the answers 35. Plug in 𝑒 is a number, not a variable Quadratic Formula 36a Carefully go through the arithmetic & simplifying 26 7−√5 ⋅ 7+√5 7−√5 182−26√5 182−26√5 2(91−13√5) 91−13√5 = = = 22 49−5 44 44 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 =4 =5 =6 =7 5(4) − 12 = 8 5(5) − 12 = 13 5(6) − 12 = 18 5(7) − 12 = 23 8 + 13 + 18 + 23 = 62 𝑉 = (5200)(𝑒 0.041∗12 ) $8,505.04 −(−6) ± √(−6)2 − 4(1)(34) 𝑥= 2(1) 6 ± √36 − 136 𝑥= 2 6 ± √−100 𝑥= 2 6 ± 10𝑖 𝑥= 2 𝑥 = 3 ± 5𝑖 PRACTICE TEST #4 – FULL ANALYSIS 36b Factor by Grouping Split into two groups of two, GCF Factor each group. The leftover binomial should match! 37a Input to L1 and L2. Stat Calc LinReg Calculator Statistics 37b Binomial Probability 38a Magnitude setup (parallelogram & triangle) Reference Sheet Formula 38b Reference Sheet Formula ( 𝑛 𝐶𝑟 )(𝑝𝑟 )(𝑞 𝑛−𝑟 ) n=total, r=want, p=prob of success, q=prob of failure Success raised to success.. failure raised to failure Setup the parallelogram first, consecutive angles are supplementary. Label everything you know. You’re solving for the diagonal through the middle. Pull out & relabel a triangle 3 sides, 1 angle… Law of COSINES 2 sides 2 angles… Law of SINES 2𝑥 3 − 10𝑥 2 − 18𝑥 + 90 = 0 2𝑥 2 (𝑥 − 5) − 18(𝑥 − 5) = 0 (2𝑥 2 − 18) (𝑥 − 5) = 0 2𝑥 2 − 18 = 0 𝑥−5=0 𝑥 = −3 𝑥 = 3 𝑥 = 5 a) 𝑦 = 0.774𝑥 + 19.093 b) 𝑟 = 0.9045 (Make sure diagnostics are ON) c) 𝑦 = 0.774(12) + 19.093 𝑦 = $28 “At least 5” means 5 OR 6 5 games won: ( 6 𝐶5 )(. 635 )(. 371 ) = 0.2203 6 games won: ( 6 𝐶6 )(. 636 )(. 370 ) = 0.0625 “OR” means add them together… 0.2828 𝑥 2 = 422 + 652 − 2(42)(65)(cos 140) 16.4 sin 68 12.7 sin 𝑄 12.7∗sin 68 = 16.4 −1 = sin 𝑄 𝑄 = sin 39 Review packet, Trig page, bottom left corner… SO IMPORTANT!!! Isolate (this one is caseI factoring)… ref angle… quadrants… put it all together = 0.7180 0.7180 = 46° tan2 𝜃 − 4 tan 𝜃 − 12 = 0 (tan 𝜃 − 6)(tan 𝜃 + 2) = 0 tan 𝜃 − 6 = 0 tan 𝜃 = 6 (1) 𝜃 = tan−1 6 𝜃 = 81° (2) Positive. Quads 1 & 3 (3) 81° in quad 1 = 81° 81° in quad 3 = 261° tan 𝜃 + 2 = 0 tan 𝜃 = −2 (1) 𝜃 = tan−1 2 𝜃 = 63° (2) Negative. Quads 2 & 4 (3) 63° in quad 2 = 117° 63° in quad 4 = 297° 𝜽 = {𝟖𝟏°, 𝟏𝟏𝟕°, 𝟐𝟔𝟏°, 𝟐𝟗𝟕°}